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How do little elephants grow up to be BIG elephants? Cells that reproduce by mitosis reproduce constantly! Animated Mitosis Cycle http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm • Interphase • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase & Cytokinesis • • • A cell grows in size, performs its function, and creates organelles needed to perform functions Chromatin are copied (# doubles) called sister chromatin A cell creates specific organelles for the purpose of dividing (Centrioles, Spindle Fibers) A cell spends most of its life in this phase! Nucleus CELL MEMBRANE Cytoplasm Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm • • • Chromitin condenses to form chromatids and begin to attach to sister chromatids (clones from interphase) Centrioles appear and begin to move to opposite ends of the cell and spindle fibers form between the centrioles. Nuclear Envelope begins to break down. Centrioles Sister chromatids Spindle fibers Animal Cell Plant Cell Spindle fibers Centrioles Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm Chromatids attach and move to the equator (middle) of the cell • Sister Chromatids (or pairs of chromosomes) attach to the spindle fibers at the centromere • Centromere Centrioles Spindle fibers Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm Centromeres split and sister chromatids (or pairs of chromosomes) separate • Sister chromatids begin to move to opposite ends of the cell • Opposite ends of the cell begin to push apart • Centrioles Spindle fibers Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm • • Nuclear envelope begins to form and two new nuclei form. Chromosomes appear as chromatin (threads rather than rods). (Mitosis ends) Nuclei Chromatin Nuclei Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm • Cell membrane moves inward to create two daughter cells – each with its own nucleus with identical chromosomes. Animal Mitosis -- Review Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Interphase Plant Mitosis -- Review Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Interphase http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm
