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QUESTION BANK-2017 Unit-1 2- Marks 1) Define sensitivity and resolution? [CO1][L1] 2) Differentiate between log and dynamic error? [CO1][L2] 3) What is the difference between accuracy and precision of measurement? [CO1][L1&L2] 4) Define speed of response and fidelity? [CO1][L2] 5) How are the instrumental errors are different from gross errors? [CO1][L2] 6) Explain random errors in brief? [CO1][L2] 7) Write short note on systematic errors? [CO1][L2] 8) What is the difference between series type and shunt type ohmmeter? [CO1][L2] 9) Compare the sensitivity of AC voltmeter with DC voltmeter? [CO1][L2] 10) State the limitations of thermocouples? [CO1][L1] 11) List the salient features of voltage ohm meter? [CO1][L1] 12) What is loading effect in volt-meters? [CO1][L1] 13) A 500V volts volt-meter is accurate within +/-1% at full scale. Calculate the limiting error when the instrument is used to measure a voltage of 200V. [CO1][L5] 14) Mention the basic requirements of measurement? [CO1][L1] 15) What are the limitations of thermos couples used in RF ammeter? [CO1][L1] 16) Explain the function of measurement system? [CO1][L2] 17) Define static characteristics? & What are the various Static characteristics? [CO1][L1] 18) state the importance of sensitivity while selecting voltmeters for measurement? [CO1][L1] 19) Define Dynamic characteristics? & What are the various Dynamic characteristics? [CO1][L1& L2] 20) Define any two Dynamic characteristics of an Instrument? [CO1][L1] 10- Marks 1 .a) What are the essential requirements of multipliers. [CO1][L1] b) Define the terms i) Accuracy ii) Precision 2. a) Explain the construction of multi-range voltmeter. [CO1][L1& L2] b) Define the following terms i) Error ii) Resolution iii) Sensitivity iv) Expected value 3. a) Explain different types of errors that occur in measurements. [CO1][L2& L3] b) Differentiate static and dynamic characteristics. 4. a) Describe with the help of circuit diagram the construction and working of a shunt-type ohm meter b) Explain the fundamental principle on which DC meter is constructed. [CO1][L2& L3] 5. Explain how a multi-meter can be used as i) DC voltmeter & AC volt meter ii) DC ammeter & ohmmeter [CO1][L2& L3] 6. a) List the salient features of voltage ohmmeter. [CO1][L1& L5] b) A shunt type ohmmeter uses a5 mA basis D’Arsonval movement with an internal resistance of 50Ω. The battery voltage is 3V.It is desired to modify the circuits by adding appropriate shunt resistance across the movement.so that the instrument indicates 5Ω at the midpoint scale. Calculate: i)The value of shunt resistance. ii) Value of current limiting resistance R1. 7. a) Explain the principle used in ohmmeters. [CO1][L2& L3] b) Explain with the help of circuit diagram the construction & working of a series type ohm meter. 8. a) How do we determine the performance characteristics of an instrument. [CO1][L2& L3] b) Explain the process of calibration. 9. a) Define sensitivity. Express sensitivity mathematically. What is deflection factor? [CO1][L1& L5] b) A particular ammeter requires a change of 1A in its coil in order to produce a change in deflection of the pointer by 3mm.Determine its sensitivity and deflection factor. 10.a)what is precision .what are the Two characteristics of precision .Differentiate accuracy & precision. b) A moving coil instrument gives a full scale deflection of 10mA when the potential difference across its terminals is 100mV.Calculate: i) the series resistance for a full scale deflection corresponding to100A.ii) the series resistance for a full scale deflection with 1000V.calculate the power dissipation in each case. [CO1][L1&L2& L5] ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION QUESTION BANK-2017 Unit-2 2- Marks 1) State the need of a time base generator? [CO2][L1] 2) What is the function of trigger circuit? [CO2][L1] 3) Differentiate between dual beam and dual trace CRO? [CO2][L2] 4) What is the specialty of storage oscilloscope? [CO2][L1] 5) What does the term phosphorescence & fluorescence? [CO2][L1] 6) State the function of attenuators in CRO? [CO2][L1] 7) State the advantages of using probes? [CO2][L1] 8) Mention the standard specifications of a simple CRO? [CO2][L1] 9) State the advantages of using delayed sweep CRO? [CO2][L1] 10) Why delay line used in CRO? [CO2][L2] 11) Mention various applications of CRO? 12) What are the advantages of digital storage oscilloscope? [CO2][L1] 13) What is the principle of CRO? [CO2][L1] 14) What is meant by special Oscilloscope? [CO2][L1] 15) List the types of special oscilloscopes? [CO2][L1] 16) What is the function of X-Y mode on CRO front panel? [CO2][L1] 17) List the applications of random noise generator? [CO2][L1] 18) Distinguish between analog and digital storage oscilloscope? [CO2][L2] 19) State the functions of following i) Astigmatism ii) focus. [CO2][L1] 20) Define deflection sensitivity & deflection factor of CRT? [CO2][L1] 10- Marks 1. Draw the neat diagrams of both vertical & horizontal deflection systems and explain briefly about their working. [CO2][L2&L3] 2. a) Discuss about important CRT features. [CO2][L2&L3] b) Draw the block diagram of a dual beam oscilloscope & explain its working. 3. Draw the block diagram of a general purpose oscilloscope and explain function of each block 4. a)Explain with a block diagram ,the major parts of CRT. [CO2][L2&L3] b)What are the advantages of dual trace oscilloscopes over dual beam CRO. 5. a) Draw the block diagram of Delay line circuit and explain its working. [CO2][L1&L2&L3] b) State the standard specifications of a sample CRO. 6. a) What is CRO. What is the use of CRO in the development of electronic circuits& the systems? b) Explain how a two dimensional display is produced in a CRO. [CO2][L1&L2&L3] 7.a) Discuss in detail, the construction and working of a digital sampling oscilloscope. [CO2][L1&L2&L3] b) Explain with a diagram how frequency can be measured using a gear wheel method. 8. a) Describe in details the construction and working of an analog type storage oscilloscope. b) Explain the principle of secondary emission. [CO2][L1&L2&L3] 9. a) Define astigmatism, focus & intensity. [CO2][L1&L2] b) State the various applications of an oscilloscope. 10.a)write an account on X-shift & Y-shift functions. [CO2][L1&L2] b) Explain the function of trigger circuit. ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION QUESTION BANK-2017 Unit3 2- Marks 1) Define the basic operating principle of signal generator? [CO3][L1] 2) Differentiate between fixed and variable AF oscillator? [CO3][L2] 3) Mention the applications of function generator? [CO3][L1] 4) What is the function of marker generator in sweep generator? [CO3][L1] 5) Draw the diagram of random noise generator? [CO3][L1] 6) Mention the standard specifications of a signal generator? [CO3][L1] 7) State the function of symmetry control in a pulse generator? [CO3][L1] 8) What is the function of spectrum analyser? [CO3][L1] 9) What are harmonic distortion analyser? [CO3][L1] 10) What is the basic principle of wave analyser? [CO3][L1] 11) Describe the logic analyser? [CO3][L2] 12) What are the applications of spectrum analyser? [CO3][L1] 13) What is spectrum analyser? [CO3][L1] 14) Draw the circuit of resonant wave analyser? [CO3][L1] 15) State the principle of heterodyne wave analyser? [CO3][L1] 16) Mention the applications of wave analyser? [CO3][L1] 17) Sketch the basic characteristics of pulse waveform? [CO3][L1] 18) State function of the following i) duty cycle ii) pulse repetition rate (PRR). [CO3][L1] 19) Compare AF oscillator with RF oscillator? [CO3][L1] 20) State the principle of basic sine wave generator? [CO3][L1] 10- Marks 1. a) With the help of block diagram explain the functioning of a conventional standard signal generator. b) Write about fixed AF oscillator and variable AF oscillator. [CO3][L2&L3] 2. a) Draw the block diagram of a function generator and explain its operation. [CO3][L1&L2&L3] b) List the applications of random noise generator. 3. With a neat diagram discuss the operation of a pulse generator. [CO3][L2&L3] 4. a).Discuss in detail about RF signal generator operation. [CO3][L2&L3] b) Explain the method of generate random noise. 5. a) Explain the working of a standard sweep generator with diagram. [CO3][L2&L3] b) What is sweep generator? Explain in detail. 6. a) With help of a neat sketch, explain the working of a frequency selective wave analyser. b) What is the function of wave analyser? [CO3][L2&L3] 7. a) Describe with diagram the operation of a digital Fourier analyser. [CO3][L1&L2&L3] b) List the application of wave analysers. 8. a) Draw the circuit diagram and explain the working of a heterodyne type wave analyser. b) What is distortion? What does a distortion analyser measure. [CO3][L1&L2&L3] 9. a) What is the function of harmonic distortion analyser. [CO3][L1&L2] b) Describe the diagram with operation of a harmonic distortion analyser using a bridge T-network 10.a) With a neat sketch explain the operation of logic analyser. [CO3][L2&L3] b) Explain how wave analyser can be tuned to a particular frequency with in the audible frequency range. ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION QUESTION BANK-2017 Unit4 2- Marks 1) What is a bridge? What is the importance of a bridge? [CO4][L1] 2) What are the limitations of Wheatstone bridge? [CO4][L1] 3) Describe how a bridge can be used as an error detector? [CO4][L2] 4) What is the balance condition for a basic kelvin bridge? [CO4][L1] 5) Compare dc and ac bridges? [CO4][L1] 6) Differentiate between Maxwell’s and Anderson Bridge? [CO4][L2] 7) What is the difference between Schering and Kelvin Bridge? [CO4][L1] 8) What is meant by q-meter? [CO4][L1] 9) What are the different errors occurred in bridges? [CO4][L1] 10) State the 2 balancing conditions of Wein Bridge? [CO4][L1] 11) What are the precautions we need to take when using a bridge? [CO4][L1] 12) If the bridge arms are connected with R1=2.2K, R2=3.9K, R3=10K, Find R4? [CO4][L5] 13) List the precautions to be taken when using a bridge? [CO4][L1] 14) Interpret the applications of Wheatstone bridge? [CO4][L1] 15) Explain the sensitivity of a Wheatstone bridge? [CO4][L2] 16) Draw the circuit of Kelvin’s Double Bridge? [CO4][L1] 17) Why Wagner ground connection is used in bridges? [CO4][L2] 18) Compare Maxwell’s and Hay’s bridge? [CO4][L1] 19) Depict Anderson’s bridge with its components illustrated? [CO4][L2] 20) Why Hay’s bridge is suited for measurement of high Q coils? [CO4][L2] 10- Marks 1. a) Discuss the working principle of q-meter &its applications. [CO4][L2&L3] b) Explain the working principle & operation of LCR bridge circuit. 2. a) Explain about Hay’s Bridge for measurement of high Q coils. [CO4][L1&L2] b) List the applications of Hay’s Bridge. 3. Describe in detail about EMI &EMC with suitable examples. [CO4][L2&L3] 4. a) Define the term null as it applies to bridge measurements. [CO4][L2&L3] b) Explain the operation of Kelvin Bridge. 5. What is the function of bridge? Draw the Anderson’s bridge circuit and derive necessary equations& explain it. [CO4][L1&L2] 6. a) Explain the Wien bridge circuit &its applications. [CO4][L2&L5] b) In the case of Schering bridge, arm AC has R=4.7k Ω. Arm CD has unknown elements.are BD has C=0.1MF, arm AB=4.7K Ω is shunt with 1MF.Determine values of components are the arm CD. 7. a) Explain how a Maxwell bridge can be used for measuring an unknown inductance. b) What is interference &explain noise reduction techniques. [CO4][L2&L3] 8. Describe the operation of the Wheatstone bridge & derive the expression for current when the bridge is unbalanced. [CO4][L2&L3] 9. a) Which type of bridge circuit is used to determine the dissipated factor of a capacitor? Draw the circuit and derive the expression for the unknown elements. b) Explain how a Maxwell bridge can be used for measuring an unknown inductance. [CO4][L3&L4] 10.a) What are the applications of Wheatstone bridge. And list out its limitations.[CO4][L1&L2&L4] b) Describe the operation of the Wheatstone bridge and derive the expression for DC resistance. ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION QUESTION BANK-2017 Unit5 2- Marks 1) Define sensor and transducers? [CO5][L1] 2) Differentiate between active and passive transducers? [CO5][L2] 3) Mention the advantages of electrical transducers? [CO5][L1] 4) Mention the disadvantages of LVDT? [CO5][L1] 5) What are the limitation of resistance thermometers? [CO5][L1] 6) Mention the disadvantages of thermocouples. [CO5][L1] 7) Define strain gauge ,define the gauge factor? [CO5][L1] 8) What is the basic principle involved in piezoelectric transducers? [CO5][L1] 9) What is the difference between thermistor and thermocouple? [CO5][L1] 10) List the various types of temperature transducers? [CO5][L1] 11) What is signal conditioner? [CO5][L1] 12) Describe the basic principle of capacitive transducers? [CO5][L2] 13) Summarise the advantages & disadvantages of thermos couple? [CO5][L1] 14) A Resistance Strain gauge with gauge factor of 2 is cemented to a steel member, which is subjected to a strain of 1×106.If the original resistance value of the gauge is 130Ω, calculate the change in resistance. [CO5][L5] 15) Name one passive and active sensors? [CO5][L1] 16) Categorise photo electric transducers? [CO5][L1] 17) List the types of force summing devices? [CO5][L1] 18) Sketch the various configurations of thermistor? [CO5][L1] 19) Summarise the advantages of LVDT? [CO5][L1] 20) What are the merits & demerits of Thermocouple? [CO5][L1] 10- Marks 1. With a neat sketch explain the operation of LVDT. What are the advantages & disadvantages? [CO5][L2&L3] 2. Explain strain gauge for resistance measurement & its applications. [CO5][L2&L3] 3. Describe the operation of i) resistive transducers ii) capacitive transducers. [CO5][L2&L3] 4. a) What are the differences between the active & passive transducers. [CO5][L2&L3] b) Explain the operation of potentiometric transducer. 5. a) Define a transducer .list the applications. [CO5][L1&L2] b) Explain about Inductive transducers 6. a) Draw the diagram of Resistance Thermometer & explain briefly. [CO5][L1&L2&L3] b) What are the functions of transducers? 7. Write short notes on i) LVDT ii) thermocouple iii) signal conditioning circuits. [CO5][L2&L3] 8. a) With a neat sketch , explain the operation of piezo-electric transducers in detail. [CO5][L2&L3] b) Explain how an electrical transducer can be used to find the unknown pressure of a liquid. 9. a) List the three types of temperature transducers &describe the application of each. b) Explain about pH measurement. [CO5][L2&L3] 10.a) Define piezoelectric effect. Write the applications of piezoelectric transducer. b) Write about IC sensors & smart sensors. [CO5][L2&L3] ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION QUESTION BANK-2017 BITS Unit-1 1.The true value of quantity change with time is known as (a) static error(b) Dynamic error (c) Speed of response (d) Lag 2. Which of the following is not a static characteristics (a) Drift (b) Dead zone (c) sensitivity (d) Fidelity 3. ------ refers to the degree of closeness or conformity to the true value of quantity under measurement (a) Precision (b) Accuracy (c) Drift (d) Resolution 4. -----is defined as the nearness of the indicated value to the true value of the quantity being measured (a) Accuracy (b) Precision (c) Reproducibility (d) Static error 5. A meter reads 127.50V and the true value of voltage is 127.43. What is static error (a) 0.07V (b) 0.7V (c) -0.7V (d) -0.07 6. What type of errors are due to largely human errors like misreading of instruments (a) Gross error (b) Systematic errors (c) Random error (d)Environmental error 7.The AC voltmeter using PMMC measures (a) True RMS voltage (b) Peak voltage (c) Average voltage (d) Instantaneous value 8. The true RMS voltmeter measures (a) average value (b) Instantaneous value (c) RMS value (d) Peak value 9. The instrument required to measure voltage is (a) Ohmmeter (b)Ammeter (c) Voltmeter (d) Wattmeter 10. A D’Arsonval Movement is (a) Taut band (b) PMMC (c) Electrodynamometer (d) Moving Iron type 11. The sensitivity of a voltmeter is defined as (a) ᘯ/V (b) V/ᘯ (c) I/ᘯ (d) ᘯ/I 12. A measure of the consistency or repeatability of measurement is known as (a) Precision (b) Resolution (c) Accuracy (d) Sensitivity 13.Variance = (a) Standard deviation (b) 1/ Standard deviation (c) 1/( Standard deviation)2 (d) ( Standard deviation)2 14. ------- is defined as the degree to which the instrument indicates the changes in the measured without dynamic error (a) Fidelity (b) Dynamic error (c) Speed of response (d) settling time 15. A set of readings has a wide range and therefore it has (a) Low precision (b) Dynamic precision (c) low accuracy (d) High accuracy 16. Which of the characteristic is not a dynamic characteristic (a) Fidelity (b) Dynamic error (c) Resolution (d) Measures lag 17. ------- is the rapidity with which a measuring device responds to the change in the measured (a) Dynamic error (b) Fidelity (c) measurement lag (d) speed of response 18. ------ is the difference between the true value of quantity and the value indicated by instrument (a) Dynamic error (b) Fidelity (c) measurement lag (d) Speed of response 19. A D' Arsonval movement is rated at 50 μA, its sensitivity is given by (a) 200 (b) 20000 (c) 0.02 (d) 50 ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION QUESTION BANK-2017 20. ------is defined as the ability of the instrument to reproduce a certain set of readings within a given accuracy (a) Accuracy (b) Precision (c) Reproducibility (d) Static error 21. The smallest measurable input change is called---------------(a) Resolution (b) threshold (c) dead zone (d) drift 22.--------- is defined as the difference between the largest and smallest reading of instrument (a) Span (b) Range (c) dead space (d) Resolution 23.------- is defined as the nearness of the indicated value to the true value of the quantity being measured (a) Accuracy (b) Reproducibility (c) Reproducibility (d) Static error 24. The voltage of a circuit is measured by a voltmeter having input impedance comparable with the output impedance of the circuit there by causing error in voltage measurement. This error may be called as--------------(a) Gross error (b) random error (c) Error caused by misuse of instrument (d) error caused by loading effect 25. --------is defined as the largest change in input quantity for which there is not output of the instrument (a) Fidelity (b) accuracy (c) dead zone (d) drift 26. What type of errors are due to shortcomings of the instruments like detective (or) worn parts?? (a) Gross error (b) random error (c) systematic errors (d) Environmental errors 27. Accuracy is expressed as------------(a)relative accuracy (b) % accuracy (c) error (d) % error 28. A 0-300V voltmeter has an error of ± 2% of full scale deflection. What would be the range of readings if true voltages is 30V ? (a)24V-36V (b)29.4V-30.6V (c) 20V to 40V (d) 30V-40V 29 -------------is the delay in the response of the instrument to the change in the measured quantity (a)Fidelity (b) Dynamic error (c) Speed of response (d) measurement lag 30. is the time for the instrument not reach and stay within a specified tolerance band around its final value (a)Fidelity (b) Dynamic error (c) Speed of response (d) Settling time 31. A 1mA D'Arsonval Multimeter movement has a resistance of 100 Ω. I is to be converted to 10V voltmeter. The value of multiplier resistance is given by --------------------(a) 999 Ω. (b) 9999 Ω. (c) 990 Ω. (d) 9900 Ω. 32. Which of the characteristic is not a dynamic characteristic? (a)Fidelity (b) Dynamic error (c) Resolution (d) measured lag 33. --------- is the delay in the response of the instrument to the change in the measured quantity (a) Dynamic error (b) Fidelity (c) Measured lag (d) Speed of response 34. A digital voltmeter has a readout range from 0 to 9,999 counts. Determine the resolution-----(a) 1 mv (b) 10 mv (c) 100 mv (d) 1000 mv 35. Gross errors occur due to--------------------------(a)Human error (b) instrumental error (c) random error (d) none 36. In measurement system, which of following are undesirable static characteristics? (a)Sensitivity, accuracy (b) Drift, static error and dead zone (c)Reproducibility, nonlinearity (d) Drift, static error, dead zone and non-linearity 37. Static errors occurs due to--------------------------(a)Measuring devices (b) Human error (c) random error (d) none ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION QUESTION BANK-2017 38. A. 1mA ammeter has a resistance of 100 Ω. It is to be converted to a 1A ammeter. The value of shunt resistance is --------------------(a)0.001Ω (b) 0.1001Ω (c) 100000 Ω (d) 100 Ω 39. A 1mA meter movement with an internal resistance of 100Ω is to be converted in to 0-100mA ammeter. Calculate the value of shunt current IS= ---------------------------(a)10mA (b)1mA (c) 99mA (d) 100mA 40. The addition of a ---------------- , converts the basic d'Arsonval movement into a DC voltmeter (a)Parallel resistor (b) Series Capacitor (c) Series resistor (d) Parallel Capacitor Unit-2 1.The Heart of the oscilloscope -------------------------(a)Power supply Block (b) Vertical amplifier (c) Cathode ray Tube (d) Horizontal amplifier 2. It is not a part of CRT -----------------(a)Vertical amplifier (b) Deflection plates (c) Electron gun (d) Fluorescent screen 3. If the distance of screen from a CRT to centre of deflection plates is 15cm. The length of deflection plates is 2cm, The distance between plates is 1cm and the accelerating voltage is 500V, The deflection sensitivity -------(a)33.2 V/cm (b) 0.03 cm/V (c) 66.4 V/cm (d) 0.015 cm/v 4. The pre-accelerating anode and accelerating anode are connected to a common positive high voltage of about ----(a)1350 V (b) 1200 V (c) 1500V (d) 2000V 5. CROS operates on ----------------(a)voltage (b) current (c) strain (d) pressure 6. The relation between sensitivity of oscilloscope and gain of th vertical amplifier -------------------(a)Sensitivity α (gain)2 (b) Sensitivity α (c) Sensitivity α gain (d) Sensitivity α 7. It is not a source of synchronization -----------------(a)Internal (b) External (c) Triggered (d) Line 8. The common operating modes of dual trace oscilloscope are ------------------------(a) internal and external mode (b)X and Y mode (c) Alternate and chopped mode (d) ac and dc mode 9. At a high frequency of the order of 100kHz to 500 kHz , the dual trace oscilloscope operate in --------------------------------------------(a)X and Y mode (b) alternate mode (c) dc mode (d) chopped mode 10.A sampling oscilloscope is used to examine ------------------------(a)dc signals (b) high hold off signals (c) very fast signals (d) very slow signals 11. Synchronization can be accomplished by -------------------------------------(a)Triggered sweep (b) Attenuator (c) Clipper (d) Clamper 12. Lissajous patterns are used to measure ---------------------------] (a)voltage and frequency (b) frequency and phase (c) frequency and distortion (d) amplitude and flux 13.The attenuation factor of the voltage divider used in CRO is ------------------------------(a)1:10 (b) 1:100 (c) reciprocal of the voltage divider ratio (d) twice that of voltage divider ratio 14. ----------------- CRO has two separate electron beams (a)Dual Beam (b) Dual Trace (c) Multi input (d) Simple CRO 15.If the bandwidth of an oscilloscope is given as direct current to 10MHz, what is the fastest rise time a sine wave can have to be accurately reproduced by the instrument? ------------------(a)10ns (b) 5ns (c) 35ns (d) 100ns 16.The following oscilloscope is used for the capture and storage of transients and the steady display of a very low frequency signals --------------------------------(a)dual trace oscilloscopes (b)dual beam oscilloscopes (c)storage oscilloscopes (d)sampling oscilloscopes ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION QUESTION BANK-2017 17.The bi-stable storage oscilloscopes depend for their operation, on the principle of -------------(a)bridge balance (b)photo conductive (c)resonance (d)secondary emission 18.The advantage of storage oscilloscope over digital oscilloscope is -----------------------(a)lower writing speed (b) higher bandwidth (c) more accuracy (d) larger retain time 19. CRT stands for -------------------------(a)Cathode ray Transformer (b) Cathode ray Transistor (c) Cathode ray Tube (d) Cathode ray Terminal 20. Which material has fluorescence characteristic ----------------------------------(a)Carbon (b) Phosphor (c) Al (d) Ge 21. An Isolation probe is used more compared to shielded probe because ---------------(a)it operates at low frequencies (b) its Q factor is high (c) it avoid the undesirable circuit loading effects (d) its bandwidth is large 22. The focused beam of electrons strikes the --------------------------- screen (a) Fluorescent (b) glass (c) plastic 23. In modern oscilloscopes -------------- is an additional focusing control (a)Graticule (b) Aquadag (c) Astigmatism (d) Al (d) Focus 24.The type of the probe used for analysing the response to modulated signals used in communication is --------------------(a)coaxial cable (b) direct probe (c) isolation probe (d) detector probe 25. The secondary emission electrons are collected by an aqueous solution of graphite called -----------(a)Graticule (b) Aquadag (c) Astigmatism (d) Focusing 26.when sinusoidal voltages are simultaneously applied to horizontal and vertical plates of CRT, the resultant pattern is called ---------------------------------------(a)elliptical pattern (b) lissajous patterns (c) figure eight pattern (d) circular pattern 27.When two sinusoidal voltages of equal frequency which are in phase with each other are applied to the horizontal and vertical deflection plates, the pattern appearing on the screen is a (a)ellipse (b) sinusoidal (c) straight line (d) circle 28.When two sinusoidal voltages of equal frequency which 900 phase displacement rare applied to the horizontal and vertical deflection plates, the pattern appearing on the screen is a (a)ellipse (b) sinusoidal (c) straight line (d) circle 29.When two equal voltages of equal frequency but with a phase shift are applied to a CRO, the pattern appearing on the screen is a -------------------------(a)ellipse (b) sinusoidal (c) straight line (d) circle 30. ---------------------------- of a signal can be accurately measured by Lissajous pattern (a)Frequency (b) Phase difference (c) Measurement of voltage (d) Measurement of current 31.In the frequency counters which of the following is not used --------------------------(a)decade counter (b) synchronous counter (c) up-down counter (d) BCD counter 32.The controlling torque in single phase power factor meters is provided by ---------------(a)spring control (b) gravity control (c) stiffness of suspension (d) no control device 33.In a frequency counter to display the count continuously used the following -------------(a)ripple counter (b) AND gate (c) OR gate (d) D type Flip-Flops 34.The following technique is used for frequency counters to display a large number of digits -------------------------------(a)display multiplexing (b) storage elements (c) potential divider (d) AND & OR gates 35. Which meter is suitable for the measurement of 10mV at 50mHz -----------------------------(a)moving-iron voltmeter (b) CRO (c) VTVM (d) Electrostatic Voltmeter 36. Verticle deflection plates also called ----------------------(a)X deflection plates (b) Y deflection plates (c) Z deflection plates (d) V deflection plates 37. Sensitivity expressed in terms of -----------------------------ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION QUESTION BANK-2017 (a)V/cm (b) A/cm (c) V/cm2 (d) A/cm2 38.To measure the period of a pulse waveform, it is necessary to open and close the count gate at -------------------------(a)falling edge and raising edge of positive going pulse (b) rising edge and falling edge of positive going pulse (c)rising edge and falling edge of negative going pulse (d)positive and negative going pulses used to open and clo 39.To measure the power in AC circuits , the following meter is used --------------------------(a)voltmeter (b) ammeter (c) wattmeter (d) AC bridge 40.The measured value of power in AC circuits is equal to ------------------------------------(a)middle power of one cycle (b) average power over a cycle (c) instantaneous power (d) VI Unit-3 1. Expansion for B.F.O ---------------(a) Beat frequency oscillator (b) Best frequency oscillator (c) Beat frequency oscilloscope (d) Best frequency oscilloscope 2. A triangular wave shape is obtained----------------------------(a) by integrating a square wave (b) by differentiating in wave (c) by differentiating a square wave (d) by integrating a sine wave 3. AWobbluscope is used for alignment of ------------------------------------(a) radio receiver (b) T.V receiver (c) Oscilloscope (d) wave analyzer 4. The spectrum of Random noise covers all frequencies and is referred to as (a) Pink noise (b) Black Noise (c) White noise (d) Red noise 5. Modulation in modern signal generator is done internally by signal of frequency (a) 400Hz & 1000Hz (b) 600Hz & 2000Hz (c) 100Hz & 5000Hz (d) 10000Hz & 4000Hz 6. AF sine & square wave generator has an output impedance of (a) 600ᘯ (b) 200ᘯ (c) 1000ᘯ (d) 50ᘯ 7. A frequency divider used in a modern signal generator (a) Divider the frequency by 2 (b) doubles the frequency (c) Divider the frequency by 10 (d)Multiply the frequency by 2 8. Internal calibration in modern signal generators is obtained by using (a) 2MHz Crystal OSC (b) 1MHz Crystal OSC (c) 5MHz Crystal OSC (d) 5.5MHz crystal OSC 9. Frequency dividers are obtained by the use of (a) LC network (b) AND gate (c) Flip - Flop’s (d) RC netwoks 10. A wein bridge oscillator is suitable for… (a) RF generator (b) Function generator (c) Pulse generator (d) AF generator 11. A wein bridge oscillator operates in ___________ range (a) AF (b) RF (c) Video frequency (d) High frequency 12. Duty cycle of a square wave=-----------------(a)25% (b) 50% (c) 25-75% (d) 75% 13. Wave analyzers are used to measure the (a) Amplitude & Phase (b) Phase & frequency (c) Amplitude & frequency (d) Frequency band 14. Random noise can be generated by using (a) Zener diode generator (b) P-n diode generator (c) Tunnel diode generator (d) Transistor generator 15. Duty cycle varies from ------------(a)25% (b) 50% (c) 25-75% (d) 75% 16. The frequency sweeper provides the modulating voltage which varies the ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION QUESTION BANK-2017 (a) Inductance (b) Capacitance (c) Resistance (d) voltage 17. A sweep generator is used for (a) Fault finding (b) Frequency generation (c) Amplification (d) Alignment 18.The range of AF oscillators (a) 10 kHz - 30 MHz (b) 20Hz – 20kHz (c) dc - 5 MHz (d) 1.5 MHz to 30 MHz 19.Basic wave analyzer consists a primary detector & _______ (a)LC circuit (b) LCR circuit (c) RC circuit re (d) LCRC circuit 20. The wave to be analyzed is first passes through (a)Attenuator (b) Selective amplifier (c) regulator (d) single generator 21. Ordinary wave analyzers are useful for measurement in the _______ range only (a) Audio frequency (b)Low frequency (c) Radio frequency (d) Very high Frequency 22. Harmonic distortion is due to (a) Liner behavior of circuit element (b) Non-linear behaviour of circuit element (c) Change in behavior of circuit element due to change in temperature (d) change in behaviour of circuit element due to change in environment 23. Spectrum analyzer operates on the same principle of (a) wave analyzer (b) amplitude analyzer (c) Frequency analyzer (d) Phase analyzer 24. Wave analyzer are used in the frequency range of (a) 20MHz (b)below 50MHz (c) 100MHz (d) none 25. A distortion analyzer measure the total (a) Average power (b) RMS power (c) Peak power (d) DC power 26. Wave analyzers are used to give the------resolution (a) very HF (b) very LF (c) very UHF (d) Frequency 27. A distortion is defined as (a) Unwanted frequency (b) Unwanted amplitude (c) change in shape of the waveform (d) Unwanted signal 28. Wave analyzer are also called as (a) phase meter (b) frequency selective voltmeter (c) Distortion analyzer (d) Spectrum analyzer 29 . Wave analyzers are used to measure the (a) Amplitude & Phase (b) Phase & frequency (c) Amplitude & frequency (d) Frequency band 30. Wave analyzer are used in the frequency range of (a) VHF (b)UHF (c) Lower RF (d) Higher RF 31. A spectrum analyzer uses at the output a (a) frequency meter (b) TVM (c) Rectifier (d) Circuit 32. A wave analyzer consists of (a) RC circuits (b) LC circuits (c) Oscillator (d) rectifiers 33. The frequency axis in a spectrum analyzer is the (a) X-axis (b) Y-axis (c) Z- axis (d) XY- axis 34. A heterodyne wave analyzer operates on the principle (a) Mixing (b) Amplification (c) Adding (d) Subtraction 35. A spectrum analyzer is used to display (a )Frequency band spectrum (b) Amplitude (c) Time (d) Phase 36. Basic wave analyzer uses a full wave rectifier, to obtain _______ of the input signal (a)Average value (b) RMS value (c) square (d) Double 37. The bandwidth of a wave analyzer is (a) Wide (b) Narrow (c) Medium (d) Cannot determine 38. A spectrum analyzer works in (a) Time domain (b) Amplitude (c) Frequency (d) Phase ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION QUESTION BANK-2017 39. The simple sine wave generator consists of (a)Only an oscillator (b) Only an attenuator (c) Oscillator, attenuator (d) Frequency divider, attenuator 40. The pulse Risetime is defind as the time taken by the pulse (a)to go from 10% to 90% of its amplitude (b) to go from 0% to 100% of its amplitude (c)to go from 0% to 90% of its amplitude (d) to go from 10% to 100% of its amplitude Unit-4 1.Wagner's earth devices are used in ac bridge circuits for ----------------------------------(a)eliminating the effect of earth capacitances (b)eliminating the effect of inter-component capacitances (c)shielding the bridge elements (d) eliminating the effect of stray electrostatic fields 2.How an AC bridge is used in amplifiers and oscillators ? -------------------------------(a) generate an additional amount of power (b) provide a impedance matching (c) Provide a feed back (d) path provide filtering 3. For the measurement of inductance and capacitance using AC bridge, the oscillator have (a)variable frequency and high power of about kw (b) variable frequency and very high power of about kw (c)fixed frequency and low power of mw (d) fixed frequency and output of about 1 w 4. In order to satisfy both conditions for balance and for convenience of manipulation, the bridge must contain --------------------------(a)a head phone and an oscillator (b) vibration galvanometer and head phones (c)two variable elements in its configuration (d) four fixed elements in its configuration 5. In order that the bridge to be balanced ----------------------(a)Z1Z4 =Z2Z3 and <θ1+<θ4 = <θ2+<θ3 (b) Z1/Z4 =Z2 /Z3 and <θ1+<θ4 =<θ2+<θ3 (c) Z1Z4 =Z2Z3 and <θ1 <θ4 = <θ2<θ3 (d) Z1Z4 =Z2Z3 and <θ1 -< θ4 = <θ2 -<θ3 6. An AC bridge in its basic form, consists of --------------------------------------(a) Four arms and shielding the bridge element (b) Four arms, a source of excitation and balance detector (c)Wagner's earth device and four arms (d) four arms and source of excitation 7. A suspension type galvanometer having a sensitivity 0.5µA per scale division is used to measure --------------------(a) Inductance (b) dc resistance (c) ac resistance (d) frequency 8. The advantage of Hay's bridge over Maxwell s inductance-capacitance bridge is -----------------(a) it can be used for measurement of inductance of low Q coils (b) it can be used for measurement of inductance of high Q coils (c) it can be used for measurement of inductance of low and medium Q coils (d) its equations for balance do not contain any frequency term 9. The expression for unknown inductance of high Q coils using Hay's bridge is ---------------(a) L2=R2/W2R4C4 (b) L2=R1/W2R4C4 (c) L1=R2R3/C4 (d) L1=R2R3C4 10.In the Wein's bridge, to balance the harmonics -----------------------------------(a)a vibration galvanometer is used (b) high voltage supply is used (c)a square wave is used as input (d) a filter is connected in series with the null detector 11. Frequency can be measured by using ------------------------(a)Maxwell's bridge (b) Hay's bridge (c) Schering bridge (d) Wien's bridge 12. The following bridge is used in harmonic distortion analyser -------------------(a)Wein's bridge (b) Campbell's bridge (c) Maxwell's bridge (d) Hay's bridge 13.Why the sinusoidal voltage is required to balance the Wein s Bridge? ----------------------ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION QUESTION BANK-2017 (a) it required a high voltage as supply (b) because of its frequency sensitivity (c) Harmonics will sometimes produce masking (d) a filter is used to balance the bridge 14. To measure both dc and ac resistances which of the following bridge is used? ---------(a)Wheatstone bridge (b) Wien's bridge (c) Hay's bridge (d) Maxwell's bridge 15. Sometimes a fixed capacitor is used in Maxwell s bridge instead of a variable capacitor because (a) fixed capacitors have a high degree of accuracy (b) Variable capacitors are functions of frequency (c) fixed capacitors available in all ranges (d) variable capacitors are expensive 16. Maxwell's bridge is used to measure the inductance of a ------------------------------------(a) low Q coils (b)high Q coils (c) medium Q coils (d) low and high Q coils 17. Maxwell's Inductance bridge circuit measures an inductance by ---------------------------(a)comparison with a variable standard resistance (b) equating resistance of arm 2 and arm 3 (c)equating the total impedance of arm 1 (d) comparison with a variable standard self-inductance 18. Maxwell's Inductance-Capacitance bridge circuit measures an inductance by ----------------(a)comparison with a variable standard resistance (b) equating resistance of arm 2 and arm 3 (c)equating the total impedance of arm 1 (d) comparison with a standard variable capacitance 19.The Maxwell s bridge is limited to measurement of coil of Q values ---------------------(a)Q >10 (b) 10< Q<100 (c) 1 < Q < 10 (d) Q < 1 20.To measure the properties of insulating material, which of the following bridge is used ---------(a)Maxwell's bridge (b) Hay's bridge (c) Schering bridge (d) Owen's bridge 21.Which of the following circuit is used to make the plate area definite for the measurement of relative permittivity using Schering bridge? ---------------------------(a)earth screen (b) guard circuits (c) Wagner earth device (d) potential divider 22.To measure the relative permittivity of dielectric material, which of the following bridge is used ------------------------(a)Maxwell's bridge (b) Hay's bridge (c) Schering bridge (d) Owen's bridge 23.To measure the dissipation factor, the following bridge is used --------------------------(a)Maxwell's bridge (b) Hay's bridge (c) Schering bridge (d) Owen's bridge 24. Anderson's bridge is used to measure the -------------------------(a) self-inductance in terms of a standard inductance (b) self-inductance in terms of a standard capacitance (c) self-capacitance in terms of a standard capacitance (d) self-capacitance in terms of a standard inductance 25. Schering Bridge is used to measure the --------------------------------(a) frequency (b) resistance (c) inductance (d) capacitance 26.Kelvin bridge is used to measure the-------(a) high frequencies (b) high capacitances (c) low resistances (d).low inductances 27.The Kelvin bridge is also called double bridge because ------(a) It measures low and high resistance values (b) Vibration galvanometer is used for balance (c) all arms consist of pure resistances (d) it contains a second set of ratio arms 28. Use of high quality components in bridge circuit will normally have the advantages of all except (a) high-accuracy calibration (b) freedom from stay conductance effects (c) Minimum of residues in components (d) reduce eddy current errors ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION QUESTION BANK-2017 29.To avoid the Eddy current errors in the bridge uses the -------------------------(a) proper bridge layout (b) small inherent inductance or capacitance (c) large conducting masses near the bridge network (d) good quality components 30. In order to avoid the errors caused due to inter-capacitance between high and low arms of bridge , which of the following is used ----------------------------------(a) insulating materials (b) high voltage source (c) very sensitive detectors (d) earthed screens 31. Mutual -inductance effects causes errors in ac bridge circuit due to (a) Electrostatic fields between conductors at different potentials (b) Residues in components (c). imperfect insulation (d) magnetic coupling between various components of the bridge 32. To eliminate the unwanted harmonics from the source which of the following is used ----------(a) Inherent inductance (b) wave filter (c) head phones (d) good components 33. To avoid the stray conductance effects in the bridge circuit by --------------------(a) Using large conducting masses near the bridge network (b) Various bridge components and other pieces of apparatus mounted on insulating stands (c) Using small inherent inductance or capacitance (d) using Wagner Earthing devices 34. Stray-capacitance effects causes errors in ac bridge circuit due to ------------------------------(a) Electrostatic fields between conductors at different potentials (b) residues in components (c) Imperfect insulation (d) magnetic coupling between various components of the bridge 35. Wagner Earthing devices are used to remove all the -----------------------------(a) Earth capacitances from the bridge networks (b) residual errors (c) Eddy current errors (d) mutual inductance effects 36. In X-Y plotters, an emf is plotted as a function of ---------------------(a) time (b) frequency (c) another emf (d) current 37.In a Q meter, the value of shunt resistance connected across the oscillator is typically in the order of (a)Ω (b) mΩ (c) µ Ω (d) kΩ 38.In a Q meter, distributed capacitance of coil is measured by -------------------------------(a) changing the capacitance of the tuning inductor (b) Changing the resistance of the tuning inductor (c) changing the resistance of the tuning capacitor (d) Changing the capacitance of the tuning capacitor 39. The measured value of Q using Q -meter is compared to the true value ---------------(a) Always larger (b) always equal (c) always smaller (d) sometimes larger 40. LCR meter is used to measure -----------------------(a) R only (b) L only (c) C only (d) R, Land C 41. The physical quantity may be plotted against another physical quantity by using --------------(a)Q-meter (b) wattmeter (c) X-Y recorder with appropriate transducers (d) LCR meter ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION QUESTION BANK-2017 Unit-5 1. The lower limit of useful working range of a transducer is determined by --------------------(a)constant current source (b)transducer error and noise (c) constant current source (d) none 2. In transducer, the observed output deviates from the correct value by a constant factor the resulting error is called ------------(a) zero error (b) Hysteresis error (c) sensitivity error (d)non-conformity errors 3. Transducer converts ------------------------------(a)analog signal into digital signal (b) digital signal into analog signal (c) one form of energy into other form of energy (d) mechanical displacement into mechanical energy 4. An inverse transducer converts -------------------------------------(a) analog signal into digital signal (b) digital signal into analog signal (c) an electrical energy to any other form of energy (d) an optical signal to any other form of energy 5. One of the following can act as an inverse transducer -------------------------------(a) strip chart recorder (b) strain gauge (c) LVDT (d) piezo electric crystals 6. One of the following is an active transducer ------------------------------(a)strain gauge (b) photovoltaic cell (c) photo emissive cell (d) selsyn 7. In a resistance potentiometer high value of resistance leads to -----------------------(a) high value of sensitivity (b) low value of error (c) low value of non-linearity (d) high value of selectivity 8.What is the order of minimum displacement that can be measured with capacitive transducers? (a)1cm (b) 1 mm (c) 1µm (d) 1 m 9. Capacitive transducers using the principle of change of capacitance with change of dielectric are normally used for measurement of ----------------------(a)displacement (b) pressure (c) force (d) liquid levels 10. The dynamic characteristics of capacitive transducers are similar to those of ---------------(a) low pass filters (b) high pass filters (c) notch filters (d) band stop filters 11. The sensitivity of the capacitive transducer can be increased by making ----------------------(a)the distance between the plates extremely small (b) the distance between the plates extremely large (c) the electric field in the air gap exceeds the break down voltage (d) dielectric constant low 12. Air cored inductive transducers are suitable for -----------------------------------(a) low frequencies (b) high frequencies (c) Same frequencies as iron cored transducers (d) both a & b 13. The size of air cored inductive transducers as compared with the iron cored transducers -----(a) smaller (b) higher (c) same (d) exactly halved 14. Capacitive transducers are normally used for ----------------------(a) Dynamic measurements (b) static measurements (c) transient measurements (d) gauge measurements ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION QUESTION BANK-2017 15. Capacitive transducers can be used for measurement of liquid level. The principle of operation used in this case is -------------------(a) change of capacitance (b) change of area of plates (c) change of dielectric strength (d) change of distance between plates 16.Metal foil gauges use fat end turns in order to ---------------------------(a)increase transverse sensitivity (b) reduce transverse sensitivity (c)reduce cross sensitivity (d) increase cross sensitivity 17. An LVDT has ----------------------------(a) an infinite resolution and a low sensitivity (b) a low resolution and a high sensitivity (c) an low resolution and an infinite sensitivity (d) an infinite resolution and a high sensitivity 18. Ceramic materials are used for piezo-electric transducers because they are -----------------(a) Polycrystalline in nature (b) non-magnetic in nature (c) Ferro-electric in nature (d) high permeability 19. Quartz and Rochelle salt belong to -----------------------------(a) synthetic group of piezo-electric materials (b) natural group of piezo-electric materials (c) Non-magnetic material (d) a solid Ferro-electric material 20. In LVDT the core is made up of a ----------------------------------(a)non-magnetic material (b) a solid Ferro-electric material (c)high permeability, nickel-iron hydrogen annealed material (d) low permeability, Ferro-electric material 21. In LVDT, if the supply voltage contains harmonics then the voltage at null point is --------(a)unity (b) zero (c) ten (d) infinity 22. Piezo-electric transducers are -------------------------------------(a) passive transducers (b)active transducers (c) active &inverse transducers (d) passive &inverse transducers 23.The Piezo-electric transducers are mainly used for measurement of ---------------------------(a)displacement (b) resistance (c) temperature (d) pressure 24. Thermocouples are --------------------------------(a) active transducers (b) passive transducers (c) output transducers (d) inverse transducers 25. The smallest size thermistor is ---------------------------------(a)disc (b) rod (c) probe (d) bead 26.In thermocouples the reference junction temperature is -------------------------(a)zero (b) 00C (c) -1000C (d) 10000C 27.In a thermocouples, the combination of metals be so chosen that a rise in temperature should always produce a ---------------------(a)linear fall in emf (b) linear rise in emf (c) non- linear fall in emf (d) non-linear rise in emf 28. The following device is used to measure the pressures ranging from 10-1 to 10-3mm of Hg (a) bellows and differential transformers (b) pivot torque (c) pirani gauge (d) piezoelectric transducers 29. The electrical strain gauges attached to a diaphragm is used for -------------------------(a) pressure (b) velocity (c) humidity (d) resistivity ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION QUESTION BANK-2017 30. The optical pyrometers are used to measure -------------------------(a) resistance (b) displacement (c) temperature (d) velocity 31. Placing an obstruction in the path of fluid causing a change in fluid pressure is the principle of measurement of -----------------------(a)displacement (b) velocity (c) rate of flow (d) fluid pressure 32. Radiation pyrometers are used in the temperature range of ----------------------(a)0-5000C (b)50-1000C (c) -250 to 5000C (d) 1200-25000C 33. data-acquisition systems are used to measure ----------------------(a) Displacement (b) velocity (c) humidity (d) analog signals 34. Which of the following is used to measure the acceleration? --------------------(a)accelerometer (b) hygrometer (c) ultrasonic transducer (d) pirani gauge 35.The measurement of acceleration at high frequencies is measured by -------------------(a) Potentiometric type accelerometer (b) seismic transducer (c) relative hygrometer (d) LVDT accelerometers 36. Microwave Refractometer is used to measure the ------------------(a) humidity (b) velocity (c) liquid level (d) acceleration 37. The following device is used to measure the relative humidity -------------------------------(a)LVDT (b) scintillation counters (c) barometer (d) hygrometer 38.The following characteristics of lithium chloride is changed when it is exposed to variations in humidity (a) pressure (b) force (c) resistance (d) capacitance 39. A thermistor exhibits --------------------(a) a negative change of resistance with increase of temperature depending the type of material used (b) a positive change of resistance with increase of temperature depending the type of material used (c) either a negative or positive change of resistance with increase of temperature depending the type of material used (d) either a negative or positive change of resistance with decrease of temperature depending the type of material used 40. Which of the following is not used for static and dynamic pressure measurements? --------(a) capacitive transducers (b) photoelectric transducers (c) oscillation transducers (d) piezoelectric transducers 41.Transducers, Amplifiers, Filters, Nonlinear analog functions, Analog multiplexers and sample-holds all these are used in the following system ----------------------(a)radio and TV transmission (b) digital data communication system (c)Digital data acquisition system (d) microwave communication system 42. The Force summing devices in the measurement of pressure are used to convert -----------(a) pressure into mechanical energy (b) mechanical to electrical energy (c)pressure into displacement (d) pressure into electrical energy 43. The function of secondary transducers in the measurement of pressure is --------------------(a) converts pressure into mechanical energy (b) converts displacement into electrical parameter ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION QUESTION BANK-2017 (c) converts pressure into displacement (d) increases the strength of electrical energy 44. The function of primary transducers in the measurement of pressure is -----------(a) converts pressure into mechanical energy (b) converts displacement into electrical parameter (c) converts pressure into displacement (d) increases the strength of electrical energy 45. The following device is used to measure a angular velocity with a ripple free output-------(a)Moving Coil type Velocity transducer (b) Seismic type velocity transducer (c)DC tachometer generator (d) Drag Cup Rotor AC tachometer generator 46. The following characteristics of lithium chloride is changed when it is exposed to variations in humidity ---------------------------------------------(a) pressure (b) force (c) frequency (d) capacitance 47. To cover the entire range of humidity, which of the following device is used? ----------------(a)Resistive Hygrometer (b) Aluminium oxide Hygrometer (c) capacitive Hygrometer (d) microwave refractometer 48.The most commonly used transducer for the measurement of liner velocity is ---------------(a) pivot torque (b) strain gauge (c) electro-magnetic transducer (d) pirani gauge 49. In the moving coil type velocity transducer, the velocity of coil is ---------------------------(a) inversely proportional to the voltage generated in the coil (b) proportional to the voltage generated in the coil (c) proportional to the applied voltage to the coil (d) inversely proportional to the current applied to the coil ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION