Download Review sheet two: cnidaria, platyhelminthes, nematoda and

Review sheet two: cnidaria, platyhelminthes, nematoda and annelida
(jellyfish anemones and coral, flatworms, roundworms, earthworms and leeches)
1. Vocabulary review (cnidaria): fill in the blank with the appropriate answer
 the similarity of form and arrangement around a point, line or flat plane
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 the non living layer that separates the inner and outer cell layers
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 an immature form which looks different from and adult
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 symmetry in which the body divides into two parts along only one plane
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 The inner layer of cells in a cnidarian
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 The outer layer of cells in a cnidarian
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 The free floating form of cnidarian
 The attached form of cnidarian
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 The production of a new organism by a swelling on the side of the adult
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 asexual reproduction by breaking off pieces of the parent
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 The class of cnidarians to which the jellyfish belong
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 Cells in a hydra containing a stinging capsule attaches to a thread
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 The stinging capsule contained in the cell above
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 a cavity which functions in both digestion and circulation
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 The class of cnidarians to which hydra belong
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 The class of cnidarians to which the sea anemones and corals belong __________
 Organs which produce female sex cells
 Symmetry exhibited by cnidarians
2. Define the following terms:
 zoology
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heterotrophic
invertebrates
blastula
germ layers
coelom
peritoneum
pseudocoelom
cephalization
sessile
hermaphroditic
nematocysts
planula
parasitic
proglottids
3. For the animal groups below, indicate whether or not each system is present, using the words
“no” and “yes” or “primitive”. It the answer is “yes” or “primitive”, briefly describe the system,
using vocabulary you have learned
Body system
Cnidarians
Free living
Parasitic
Parasitic
Annelids
flatworms
flatworms
roundworms
Musculo
skeletal
circulatory
Respiratory
(O2 and
CO2)
digestive
excretory
nervous
reproductive
4. Fill in the blank (annelids)
 a fluid filled, mesoderm lined body cavity
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 class of annelids, mostly marine, includes bristleworms
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 the “lip” of an earthworm
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 the structure in the digestive system of an earthworm which grinds
food material
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 a ciliates funnel and coiled tube which removed metabolic waste from
the blood of the earthworm
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 Type of circulatory system where blood only flows in vessels
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 a muscular action that pushes food through the intestine
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 the oxygen carrying molecule found in earthworm blood
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 the structure which sucks food into the earthworm's mouth cavity
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 a free swimming cilliated larva found in polychaetes
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 the structure which stores sperm until the eggs are ready to be fertilized
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 structure used in reproduction of earthworms which produces a
thick mucus
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 the digestive organ in worms which stores food before it is passed on
to the gizzard
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 an egg sac produces by the clitellum which protects developing zygotes
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 the place in the worm where blood exchanges materials (food, gas waste)
with its surroundings
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 class of annelids to which the earthworm belong
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In the space below, describe the life cycle of ascaris.
In the space below, sketch and label the body plan of a tapeworm (parasitic flatworm) attached in the
digestive tract
Answer the questions below on separate paper
5. Describe the body plan of a flatworm (how many germ layers, what kind of symmetry, any
systems it has)
6. How are roundworms different from flatworms?
7. Why do animals with radial symmetry tend to live in the water?
8. Name one similarity and one difference between roundworms and annelids
9. Defend the following statement with reference to one specific feature from each phylum:
“annelids are more 'complex' than roundworms, which are more 'advanced' than flatworms
which are more 'advanced' than cnidarians.”
10. List all the classes of cnidarians and describe some characteristics of each.
11. Describe the major evolutionary advances seen in cnidarians (as compared to sponges)
12. List all the classes of platyhelminthes and describe some characteristics of each
13. Describe the major evolutionary advances seen in flatworms (as compared to sponges and
cnidarians)
14. List all the classes of nematoda and describe one characteristic of each
15. describe the major evolutionary advances seen in roundworms (as compared to sponges,
cnidarians and flatworms)
16. List all of the classes of annelids and describe one characteristic of each
17. describe the major evolutionary advances seen in annelids (as compared to sponges, cnidarians,
flatworms and roundworms)
18. How is the earthworm able to survive without a specialized respiratory system?
19. How does this system of gas exchange limit the worm's lifestyle?
20. What advantages, if any, is there in segmentation?
21. Give functions for the following structures: heart, capillary, anus, bristles, ventral nerve chord