Download Genetic Engineering Study Guide

Genetic Engineering Study Guide
Key Terms:
genetic engineering
reverse transcriptase
restriction endonuclease
DNA vector
genomic library
transgenic animals
genetic screening
cDNA
DNA ligase
cloning
gene therapy
gel electrophoresis
genetic probe
DNA polymerase
plasmid
DNA profiling
PCR
Southern blotting
Review Questions:
1.
How can restriction enzymes be used to splice a piece of human DNA within a
plasmid?
2.
Describe the polymerase chain reaction. In what practical ways is PCR useful?
3.
Describe several uses of genetic engineering in agriculture.
4.
Describe several uses of genetic engineering in human medicine.
5.
Describe amniocentesis and chorionic villi sampling, including advantages and
disadvantages of each. What are their medical uses?
6.
Discuss the ethical issues of cloning humans.
7.
Outline the process of gene therapy using cystic fibrosis as an example.
8.
Explain how plasmids are used to clone genes.
9.
Describe the process by which “Dolly”, the sheep, was cloned.
10.
Briefly describe the process of DNA fingerprinting including a discussion of gel
electrophoresis.
11.
What does a genetic probe consist of?
12.
What are core nucleotide sequences, and in which region of DNA are they
found?