Download Chapter 15: The Urinary System

Chapter 15: The Urinary System.
( ) 1- What enzyme produced by the kidneys helps to regulate blood
pressure?
a- renin
b- aldosterone
c- urochrome
d- erythropoietin
e- creatine
( ) 2- Blood in an afferent arteriole would enter which of the
following next?
a- interlobular artery
b- efferent arteriole
c- peritubular capillaries
d- arcuate artery
e- glomerulus
( ) 3- The filtrate forced through the capillary walls in the kidneys
enters which of the following first?
a- distal convoluted tubule (DCT).
b- glomerular capsule
c- loop of Henle
d- collecting duct
e- proximal convoluted tubule (PCT).
( ) 4- Which of the following is not normally in the filtrate forced
from the glomerular capillaries and, therefore, does not appear in
urine?
a- proteins
b- glucose
c- water
d- amino acids
e- urea
( ) 5- Which of the following is normally present in the filtrate
forced from the glomerular capillaries but does not normally appear
in the urine?
a- blood cells
b- water
c- proteins
d- glucose
e- urea
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( ) 6- Which of the following is not located in the renal medulla?
a- interlobar artery
b- renal pyramid
c- glomerular capsule
d- collecting duct
e- renal column
( ) 7- From first to last, the correct order in which the filtrate would
pass through the structures listed is?
a- collecting duct-glomerular capsule-PCT-loop of Henle-DCT
b- glomerular capsule-collecting duct-PCT-loop of Henle-DCT
c- glomerular capsule-PCT-loop of Henle-DCT-collecting duct
d- glomerular capsule-DCT-loop of Henle-PCT-collecting duct
e- glomerular capsule-loop of Henle-PCT-DCT-collecting duct
( ) 8- The metabolism of nucleic acids yields this nitrogenous waste
that appears in blood and urine?
a- uric acid
b- urochrome
c- urea
d- ammonia
e- creatinine
( ) 9- The regulation of blood pH by the elimination of excess acids
or alkaline substances from the body is accomplished by the?
a- renal mechanism
b- bicarbonate buffer system
c- protein buffer system
d- respiratory system
e- phosphate buffer system
( ) 10- Which of the following substances is not normally found in
urine?
a- urochrome
b- urea
c- uric acid
d- water
e- red blood cells
( ) 11- Which of the following would not apply to the location of the
kidneys?
a- ventral cavity
b- thoracic cavity
c- retroperitoneal
d- abdominal cavity
e- lumbar region
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( ) 12- Podocytes are?
a- Cells of the wall of the glomerular capillaries
b- cells that line the urinary bladder
c- Cells of the inner layer of the glomerular capsule
d- kidneys cells that produce renin
e- phagocytic cells in the kidneys
( ) 13- A high specific gravity of urine indicates?
a- diabetes insipidus
b- alkalosis
c- acidosis
d- excessive fluid intake
e- kidney inflammation
( )14- Starting at the tip of a medullary pyramid, the correct
sequence of structures that urine passes through on its way out of the
body is?
a- renal pelvis-calyx-ureter-urinary bladder-urethra
b- renal pelvis-calyx-urethra-urinary bladder-ureter
c- ureter-calyx-renal pelvis-urinary bladder-urethra
d- calyx-renal pelvis-ureter-urinary bladder-urethra
e- calyx-renal pelvis-urethra-urinary bladder-ureter
( ) 15- Which of the following is an indicator of the disease diabetes
insipidus?
a- ketones in the urine
b- glucose in the urine
c- acidosis
d- a huge volume of dilute urine
e- hunger
( ) 16- What are the structural and functional units of the kidneys
involved in forming urine?
a- calyces
b- medullary pyramids
c- renal columns
d- nephrons
e- renal pelvises
( ) 17- Which of the following terms refers to the formation of a
large volume of urine?
a- oliguria
b- polyuria
c- anuria
d- ptosis
e- dysuria
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( ) 18- Which of the following terms refers to an inflammation of the
urinary bladder?
a- pyelitis
b- cystitis
c- ptosis
d- urethritis
e- glomerulonephritis
( ) 19- Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?
a- produce urea
b- produce renin
c- excrete urea
d- maintain acid-base balance
e- maintain water and electrolyte balance
( ) 20- Which of the following substances enters the renal tubule by
both filtration and secretion?
a- glucose
b- amino acids
c- creatine
d- urea
e- water
( ) 21- Each kidney is surrounded by a layer of fibrous tissue, the?
a- renal fat pad
b- hilus
c- renal fascia
d- renal capsule
e- renal pelvis
( ) 22- The notch on the medial surface of the kidney, through
which the blood vessels enter and leave the kidney, is called the?
a- renal cortex
b- renal pelvis
c- ureter
d- calyx
e- hilus
( ) 23- The expansion of the ureter into the substance of the kidney
forms the?
a- renal fascia
b- renal capsule
c- renal fat pad
d- renal pelvis
e- hilus
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( ) 24- What is the outermost portion of the kidney?
a- renal pelvis
b- renal pyramid
c- renal calyx
d- renal medulla
e- renal cortex
( ) 25- Cortical tissue that extends between the medullary or renal
pyramids is termed the?
a- nephrons
b- renal medulla
c- renal papillae
d- medullary rays
e- renal columns
( ) 26- If you dissected a medullary or renal pyramid, what would
you find inside?
a- the vas deferens
b- the glomeruli
c- the collecting tubules
d- the calyx
e- an Egyptian King's tomb
( ) 27- What is the functional unit of the kidney?
a- nephron
b- renal medulla
c- glomerulus
d- renal corpuscle
e- renal cortex
( ) 28- The portion of the nephron closest to the collecting duct is
called the?
a- distal convoluted tubule
b- proximal convoluted tubule
c- Loop of Henle
d- glomerulus
e- Bowman's capsule
( ) 29- The beginning of the nephron is dilated to form the?
a- glomerulus
b- renal calyx
c- renal pelvis
d- proximal convoluted tubule
e- Bowman's capsule
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( ) 30- Urine formation requires which of the following?
a- Glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion
b- Glomerular filtration and tubular secretion only
c- a lot of patience
d- Tubular secretion, tubular filtration and glomerular reabsorption
e- Glomerular reabsorption and tubular filtration only
( ) 31- The uptake of substances from the lumen of the nephrons is
known as?
a- tubular secretion
b- tubular filtration
c- does not occur
d- tubular reabsorption
e- tubular distension
( ) 32- The filtrate materials found in the nephron first leave the
blood at the?
a- urinary bladder
b- Loop of Henle
c- contractile vacuole
d- nephridium
e- glomerulus
( ) 33- Where does most reabsorption of substances from the
glomerular filtrate occur?
a- in the distal convoluted tubule
b- in the loop of Henle
c- in the collecting tubule
d- in the proximal convoluted tubule
e- in the Bowman's Capsule
( ) 34- Which of the following can enter the urine by tubular
secretion?
a- H+
b- K+
c- Creatinine
d- All of a, b and c above are correct about tubular secretion
e- Only a and b above are correct about tubular secretion
( ) 35- What does renin do?
a- It forms paracasein with a milk protein in the stomach
b- It catalyses the formation and release of angiotensin
c- It is concerned with lipid digestion in the stomach
d- It reduces blood pressure
e- It is concerned with carbohydrate digestion in the stomach
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( ) 36- The cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
a- secrete aldosterone
b- secrete renin
c- are located in the proximal convoluted tubule
d- both a and c above are correct about the juxtaglomerular cells
e- both b and c above are correct about the juxtaglomerular cells
( ) 37- Aldosterone is secreted in response to?
a- low extracellular sodium (Na+) ion concentrations
b- high extracellular potassium (K+) ion concentrations
c- increased plasma angiotensin
d- all of a, b and c above are correct about aldosterone
e- only a and c above are correct about aldosterone
( )38- Which endocrine gland is primarily concerned with sodium
(Na+) and potassium (K+) ion balance in the body?
a- Parathyroids
b- thyroids
c- adrenal cortex
d- corpus luteum
e- adrenal medulla
( ) 39- Just before the final exam in Anatomy and Physiology, to
relax yourself and ease your tensions, you drank ten pints of beer.
The production and release of ADH [Antidiuretic Hormone or
Vasopressin] would?
a- be carried out by the kidney
b- decrease
c- be controlled by the anterior pituitary
d- increase dramatically
e- remain the same
( ) 40- ADH stimulates tubular reabsorption of?
a- water.
b- Na+ ions.
c- K+ ions.
d- all of a, b and c above are correct about ADH.
e- only b and c above are correct about ADH.
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B
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B
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