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Thermochemistry When bond is broken, energy is absorbed. When bond is formed, energy is release. The energy that flows from a warm object to a cool object is called heat. The energy stored within the structural units of chemical substances is called chemical potential energy. The study of heat transfer during chemical reactions and changes of state is called thermochemistry. One of the units used to measure heat flow is the calories defined as the amount of heat needed to raise 1 g of water 1oC. The SI unit of heat and energy is joule, which is equal to 0.2390 cal. The specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of heat it takes to change the temperature of 1 g of the substance 1 oC. Substances like water, which low heat capacities, take a shorter time to heat up than substances with high heat capacities, such as metals. More calculations will come.