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Name Biomolecules: Review Sheet (Chapter 2.1-2.3) Complete the following review to the best of your ability. THIS IS FOR YOU! SO DO A GOOD JOB AND ASK QUESTIONS IF YOU NEED TO! 1. Use a Periodic Table to complete the chart below: Chemical Symbol Mass Number Protons Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Phosphorus Hydrogen Potassium Calcium Iron 14 14 16 35 2 39 40 56 Neutrons Electrons Valence Electrons BIOMOLECULES REVIEW Section II: Bonding :Atoms Unite! 1. Compare and contrast Covalent and Ionic Bonds. 2. What is electronegativity? 3. Compare and contrast polar covalent and nonpolar covalent bonds. 4. What are hydrogen bonds? Section III: Solutions 1. What is the relationship between solutions, solutes, and solvents? 2. Which salt solution is more concentrated, solution A, which contains 18g of salt in 6L of water, or solution B, which contains 24g of salt in 12L of water? 3. How are acids and bases different? How do their pH values differ? SECTION IV-WATER 1. Why is water such an important molecule to living things? (List at least 3 properties and explain why) BIOMOLECULES REVIEW 2. Describe the chemical make up and type of bonding found in water molecules. 3. What is the effect of this uneven sharing of electrons in water? 4. Sketch a molecule of water showing the charges on the molecule. 5. Name 2 types of compounds that dissolve well in water. 6. What happens when an ionic compound such as sodium chloride (table salt) dissolves in water? 7. Water molecules attracting other water molecules is called _________________. BIOMOLECULES REVIEW 8. Cohesion of water molecules produces ________________ tension making water seem like it has a "skin" on it. Surface tension enables some _____________ to walk across the surface of the water. 9. Water molecules attracting other types of molecules is called _________________. 10. Adhesion and cohesion together enable water molecules to move ____________ through narrow tubes against the force of gravity. 11. The above property of water is called _________________. 12. Give an example of an organism using capillarity. SECTION V-Biomolecules 13. Complete the following table: Biomolecule General Structure (Elements) Monomeric Unit Polymer Function(s) Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic Acids Proteins 14.What properties of carbon make it such an important element in living things? BIOMOLECULES REVIEW 15. Describe the relationship between functional groups, monomers and polymers. 16.Dehydration synthesis creates polymers. Explain the process. 17. Hydrolysis breaks down polymers. Explain the process. 18. Lipids and some proteins are hydrophobic. What does this mean? 19.What is the difference between an unsaturated and saturated fat? 20. What is the difference between and trans and cis bond? 21. Many of the fats in your body are in the form of triglycerides. Describe a triglyceride molecule. BIOMOLECULES REVIEW 22. A nucleotide consists of what three parts? 23. What is the function of nucleic acids in living things? 24. What are two kinds of nucleic acids? 25. What are some diffrerent examples of carbohydrate in living things and explain their function? 26. What are some monemers of carbohydrate? 27. List at least 4 important functions for protein. 28. What are the four different levels of protein organization? Draw pictures to show the differences BIOMOLECULES REVIEW 29. What are parts of amino acid? BIOMOLECULES REVIEW