Download Middle Ages Notes - Polk School District

The Middle Ages
Charlemagne 768-814
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Government
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Expands the Frankish kingdom and unites __________________ _________________
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Crowned _________________________ joined Roman, Christian and German elements.
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Divides __________________ into __________________ headed by a ____________
Spreads Christianity
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Spread by _____________________, or through ______________________________
Education
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Promoted learning to educate ____________________ and ________________ officials
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Schools for the _________________ children taught by _________________________
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Scholars produce a readable _______________________________________________
Feudalism
______________& ______________ system that developed after____________ fell.
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Alliances between __________________ based on ownership and distribution of __________
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Characteristics: ____________ ,_____________, __________________, and power structure
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Kings/Lords/Nobles give ______________ to lesser nobles
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They become his _______________
o Vassals: swore oath of ____________, fought battles, acted as lord’s ______________
The Middle Ages was a time of Warfare
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Knights ___________________________________
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Training
o Age Seven ___________________ learned _________________ and weaponry
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Age Twelve ___________________ cared for horse, weapons and _______________
o Tried in _________________ to become a ________________________.
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Fights between _____________ and ________________ for power and land
o _______________________ suffer hardships The ___________________ steps in to help the peasants
Feudal Justice How did they settle disagreements and problems?
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The _____________________ would be brought before the _____________________ for trial.
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Trial by __________________ Trial by compurgation or _____________________________
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Trial by ______________________ Example:_______________________________________
Manor System _______________________________ system
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Manors were large ___________________________, farms and fields
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Grew their own ______________ made everything they ___________________
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_________________ holds 1/3 of_________________ _______________________ work 2/3 of land.
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Could not ____________________ land without __________________________
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Nobles live in _______________________ built on ____________________ for defense.
o __________________________ seen as a way to advance fortunes.
Revival of Trade
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The _________________________ made ___________________ the center of the trade.
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Ships would carry _______________ to the __________ ________and return with goods
from __________________________ .
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Major trade centers were ____________, (Vikings) and _______________ for woolen cloth,
furs, hemp, silk, spices and sugar.
Hanseatic League - _________________ cities joined together to control and protect trade.
__________________________developed as a place to _______________________goods.
_________ and ___________ were exchanged.
Manufacturing:
Goods were manufactured in ____________ Known as the _____________________
Banking develops:
__________________________________________ currencies
__________________________________________________
Gave out _____________________ of exchange (like checks)
Investing:
The beginnings of __________________________________________
People began to invest __________________________ to make profits.
To raise money, investors formed ______________________________
Investors created a _________________________________________
All land, labor & capital were controlled by ______________________
Growth of Towns:
Towns people won self ____________________(not under control of manor)
A lord granted the town a __________________ that listed their_____________
4 basic rights
o ____________________________: 1 yr + 1 day = freedom
o Exemption: a person did not have to ____________________________
o Town___________________________________________: own courts
o Commercial privileges: _______________________________________
Guilds:
Merchant Guilds- ____________________________________________
Only locals and others who _______________ could trade there.
________________________- set rules for wages, hours and working conditions
Craft Guilds: set rules for _____________________ of skilled workers
Merchants and master workers formed the new ______________________ class
The Black Death:
People’s faith in _________________ was shaken
Church lost some ________________ and importance
Workers could demand ________________________
England
William the Conqueror 1066
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Unifies England , introduces new ___________, customs and ______________________
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Combines Anglo- Saxon and ____________________culture
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Brings _____________________________to England
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Kings, not ____________________supreme authority
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Conducts a census and writes it in the _______________________________
Democracy takes root in England
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Nobles join together against _______________________
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1215 ________________________ limited the king’s _______________, protected liberties
and freedoms
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The king had to______________________________________.
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Parliament had to approve all ___________________________
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Parliament = nobles and _______________________________
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The law became the___________________________, not the king
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1300’s ________________________________ established the courts.
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Decisions were collected and looked at in future cases (__________________________)
France
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Increased territory through ___________, and through conquering provinces held by _______
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Increased royal power over the church by ______________________________
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The king had the support of the _____________________________ a representative body of
advisors made up of______________, nobles and commoners
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100 Years War began as a conflict over who had the right to the____________________
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______________________________led the French troops into victory
Holy Roman Empire = Germany and Italy
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______________________ German king 936 crowned Holy Roman Emperor
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Helped the pope weaken the power of the nobles in ___________________
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Henry IV and Gregory VII clashed in a power struggle over who could appoint ______
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Gregory VII – By using excommunication to resolve conflicts, increased
__________________________ of the pope,
The struggle was settled ___________________________ in an agreement known as the
Concordant of Worms.
The Holy Roman Empire was a major ____________________________ until the 1800’s
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The Crusad es
Purpose: _____________________________________________________________
Reasons to Join
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1st Crusade: _________________
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Result:
_________________________________________________________________________
2nd Crusade________________________ & 3rd Crusades ___________________________
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Result:
_____________ Crusades End
Europe is changed forever.