Download Chapter 25 and 26 Test Review

Chapter 25 and 26 Test Review
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
List the layers of the GI from superficial to deep (outside to inside). Give a brief description of each layer.
Define deglutition and mastication. What are the steps of deglutition? Which are involuntary?, involuntary?
Name the three types of papillae. Describe their location on the tongue and if taste buds are present.
List the 3 salivary glands. Describe their location and the type of saliva secreted from each.
How does the number of teeth differ between children and adults? Which teeth are present in adults and not in
children?
Describe the anatomical landmarks of the esophagus. Include its relative location to the trachea.
What is GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease)?
Describe the anatomical landmarks of the stomach, small intestine and large intestine.
Describe the specialization of the stomach’s walls. (be specific - talk about each layer)
Describe the function of parietal and chief cells. What controls their secretion?
What is the function of the mesentery?
Describe the specialization of the small intestine’s mucosa layer. Explain why the majority of digestion takes place
in the small intestine.
Define haustra and taeniae coli.
List signs and symptoms of appendicitis.
The liver is divided into anatomical units called ____________. Describe the blood flow through these units.
What is the function of kupffer cells?
Describe the pathways that exit the liver and the gallbladder to form the common bile duct.
What are the basic functions of the liver?
What is cholecystisis? Explain the causes and treatment.
Discuss the structure and function of the gallbladder.
Both the common bile duct and pancreatic duct empty into the:
Differentiate between peristalsis and segmentation.
Describe the properties of digestive enzymes.
Very generally, how does chemical digestion take place?
Explain the enterogastric reflex.
Describe the 3 phases of control of gastric secretion.
Describe the function of the following:
 Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP)
 Gastrin
 Secretin
 CCK
Describe the process of fat emulsification.
Give examples of polysacchrides, disacchrides and monosacchrides.
For the following enzymes know their function and where they are secreted from.
 Amylase
 Lipase
 Pepsin
 Pepsinogen
 Trypsin
 Chymotrypsin
 Peptidases
 Nucleases
What is the role of bicarbonate in the GI tract?
Explain the process of fat absorption.
Explain secondary active transport and cotransport. Give examples.
What causes diarrhea? Constipation?
Know causes and signs/symptoms of the GI and liver disorders discussed in class.