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Transcript
Name: ______________ Chapter 10 Review Sheet 1. In science, a force is _____________________________________. 2. When one object pushes or pulls another object, the first object is ________________ a force on the second object. 3. Circle the letters of the two ways that forces are described. a. b. c. d. Direction Velocity Strength Acceleration 4. The SI unit used to measure the strength of a force is the _______________. 5. The overall force on an object after all the forces are added together is called the ________________. 6. When two forces act in the same direction, they are __________________ together. 7. Adding a force acting in one direction to a force acting in the opposite direction is the same as adding a(n) _________________ number and a(n) ______________ number. 8. Unbalanced forces can cause an object to change its motion in three ways. What are they? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 9. Is the following sentence true or false? Unbalanced forces acting on an object will change the object’s motion. _________________ 10. Equal forces acting on one object in opposite directions are called ____________. 11. Is the following sentence true or false? Balanced forces acting on an object will change the object’s motion. _________________ 12. When you add equal forces exerted in opposite directions, the net force is ______________. Building Vocabulary – match the terms with the definitions _____ 13. Newton a. the SI unit for force _____ 14 Force b. sum of all forces acting on an object _____ 15 Unbalanced forces c. push or pull _____ 16 Balanced forces d. can change an object’s motion _____ 17 net force e. will not change an object’s motion 18. Is the following sentence true or false? When two surfaces rub, the irregularities of one surface get caught on those of the other surface. ___________ 19. What is friction? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 20. Friction acts in a direction ______________ to the object’s direction of motion. 21. The strength of the force of friction depends on what two factors? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 22. How is friction involved in sledding and skiing? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 23. Why does some friction occur with seemingly smooth surfaces? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 24. Which kind of friction requires more force to overcome, rolling friction or sliding friction? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 25. A force that pulls objects toward each other is called _________________ 26. What does the universal law of gravitation state? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 27. The force of attraction between two objects varies with what two factors? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 28. What is the difference between weight and mass? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 29. Weight is usually measured in ____________________. 30. Is the following sentence true or false? On the moon, your mass would be less than it is on Earth, but your weight would be the same. _________________ 31. When is an object said to be in free fall? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 32. The greatest velocity a falling object reaches is called ___________________. 33. An object that is thrown is called a(n) _______________. 34. Vocabulary – write the definitions of the vocab words Friction - __________________________________________________ Rolling Friction - ____________________________________________ Sliding Friction - ____________________________________________ Fluid Friction - ______________________________________________ Weight - ___________________________________________________ Free Fall - __________________________________________________ Gravity - ___________________________________________________ Terminal Velocity - ___________________________________________ Air Resistance - ______________________________________________ 35. For an unmoving object to start moving, a(n) ___________________ has to act on it. 36. What is Newton’s first law of motion? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 37. What is inertia? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 38. What is another name for Newton’s first law? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 39. The amount of inertia an object has depends on its __________________. 40. What is Newton’s second law of motion? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 41. What is the equation that describes the relationship among the quantities of force, mass and acceleration? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 42. How can you use Newton’s second law to find force? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 43. What are two ways to increase the acceleration of an object? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 44. What is Newton’s third law? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 45. What is the name often given to the force exerted by the first object on the second object? ____________ 46. The action and reaction forces in any situation will always be ___________ and _______________. 47. Explain why the equal action and reaction forces do not cancel each other when one person hits a ball. ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 48. The product of an object’s mass and velocity is its __________________. 49. What is the equation for momentum? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 50. What does the law of conservation of momentum state? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 51. What does it mean to say that momentum is conserved? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 52. Could an elephant have the same momentum as a golf ball? Explain ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 53. Which of Newton’s laws explains the lifting of a rocket into space? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 54. When a rocket rises, what causes the action force? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 55. When a rocket lifts off the ground, the net force is in an upward direction. Is the upward pushing force greater or lesser than the downward pull of gravity? __________ 56. An object traveling in a circle is accelerating because it is constantly changing ____________. 57. For a satellite, what is the centripetal force that causes it to move in a circle? ___________________. 58. A satellite is a projectile that falls ____________ Earth rather than into Earth. 59. What force continually changes a satellite’s direction? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 60. Which law of motion is used to explain how a rocket takes off? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________