Download ANT 3514 – Introduction to Biological Anthropology

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ANT 3514 – Introduction to Biological Anthropology
Mendelian Genetics
Lab 2, Week of 1/17/05
Question 1:
Name the three chemical components that make up DNA?
Question 2:
What two steps are involved in the formation of a protein?
Question 3:
Having one’s earlobe attached is a recessive trait (e), while a free earlobe is dominant
(E). The ability to roll your tongue is a dominant trait (T), while an inability to do this is
recessive (t). Construct a punnett square for a mating between individuals with
genotypes:
Female = Ee tt
Male: Ee Tt
Female
Et
ET
Male
Write out each genotype (ex. EE TT) and the ratio of offspring possessing each. Then
write out each phenotype (ex. Attached earlobe & tongue roller) and the ratio of
individuals having each.
Question 4:
Two black mice were mated over several years and produced 29 black and 9 white
offspring. Explain these results by giving the genotypes of the parents and offspring.
Question 5:
What is ‘phenotype’ and how is it determined?
Question 6:
Prize breeding cattle are black and tan. Farmer Bob purchased a superb black and tan
bull for $250,000. The progeny sired by this bull were all normal in appearance.
However, when these progeny were interbred white-speckled calves were produced at a
frequency of 25%. Why did the farmer remove this bull from his breeding population
and ask for his money back?
Question 7:
Name and describe Mendel’s two principles which were discussed in lab and lecture.
Question 8:
This diagram is a pedigree showing phenotype in three breeding generations. The
notation in the 3rd generation denotes the number of offspring produced that have the
phenotype shown. In the adjacent box fill in the genotype for reach individual based on
their phenotype and the phenotype of their relatives (e.g., AA). Make sure you take
dominance into account. Use: A=Dominant & a=Recessive
st
1 Generation
1
☻x☻
Genotypes for Individuals
2
↓
3
2nd
☻ ☻☻ ☻
4
5
X
3rd
X
6
X
☻☻☺ ☻
¼
¾
ALL
7
8
ALL
9
10
1._____
2._____
3._____
4._____
5._____
6._____
7._____
8._____
9._____
10._____
READING QUESTIONS: (please answer the following in complete sentences and in
your own words – i.e., do not just copy passages from the Reader).
1. What observation regarding hybrid plants was central to Mendel's model of
inheritance? (see CH. 10)
2.Why does Glausiusz (CH. 14) attribute the high frequency of ITD among the
Ashkenazi to genetic drift rather than natural selection?
3.Why are mtDNA and Y chromosome DNA particularly useful for genetic studies in
general and for studies of men and women in particular (see CH. 34)?