Download A Global Conflict

Name _______________________________
Date ________________________________
Period _______________________________
A Global Conflict
Objectives
• After this section, we should be able to:
– Explain how the Soviet Union and the United States became involved in
World War II
Part I: War in Europe
• Defeated by Britain, Hitler turned his attention to conquering the Soviet Union,
but was unprepared to fight a long war. The Nazis begin the systematic
deportation and execution of Jews and other “undesirables”
Operation Barbarossa
• After the defeat of the German ___________________________________ in
the Battle of Britain, Hitler turned to the Soviet Union for expansion
• Hitler planned ____________________________________
– Short, decisive campaign to capture ___________________,
___________________________, and the Ukraine and oil fields in
southern Russia
– Hitler thought Russian resistance would collapse quickly, and this
attitude shaped how his generals prepared for this
German Surprise
• The attack took the Soviets by ________________ and
___________________________ surprise
• Soviet _________________________________ was basically unprepared
– Many units lacked basic essentials for fighting –
_____________________________, ___________________________,
____________________________
– Stalin’s purges had removed capable military offices and replaced them
with young, but loyal, officers
• The German ___________________________ (army) had rapid successes at
the beginning of the attack
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Scorched Earth
• In response, Stalin ordered a ______________________________ policy
– As the army retreated, anything of use that couldn’t be removed should
be destroyed – fuel, food, shelter, ammunition, other supplies and
equipment
• By November of 1941, German armies had pushed 600 miles into the Soviet
Union and sat outside Moscow and Leningrad
• Soviet soldiers held firm and refused to retreat any further
Russian Resistance
• The German army was completely unprepared for an extended war with the
Soviets
• Russian winter
– Most German soldiers lacked proper winter clothing –
__________________, _____________________________
– German equipment stopped functioning – guns didn’t fire, radios didn’t
work, vehicle engine blocks froze
• The Germans had also failed to adequately supply all of their units with what
they needed
– Didn’t have enough _____________________________ for units to
reach their objectives
– Had planned to use Russian railways and roads, but these were not
suitable for the purposes
The New German Order
• Hitler thought that by conquering the Soviet Union and Europe he could
establish a New Order
• Conquered ____________________________________ would work for the
Nazi master race
– These races could be disposed of later
• As the Nazis occupied these countries, they seized the resources for themselves
Untermenschen
• As Nazis took over these lands, they began to persecute Jews and other
untermenschen – sub-humans
– Forced to wear badges branding them as undesirables
– Sent to concentration camps such as _________________________
– In Poland and the Soviet Union, Jews were forced into ghettos to contain
them – ________________________________
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The Final Solution
• In 1941, the Germans began to kill Jews as well as remove them from
conquered areas
• The ______________________________ followed behind the German army
and would round up and kill Jews
• In 1942, the Germans instituted the “____________________________,” and
began to round up large numbers of Jews and shipped them to concentration
and death camps
Jewish Resistance
• The Nazis tried to keep the killings and camps secret – even many European
Jews were unaware of what was occurring
• Jewish ______________________________ groups in the ghettos were often
outnumbered and defeated by the Germans
• Resistance groups formed outside of the cities and had some success
Local Support
• Jewish resistance movements often didn’t have the support of the local
population
• Some local people even helped the Nazis round up Jews
• Most peoples in these areas did nothing, thinking that it wasn’t their business,
or fearing punishment
• ______________________________________ was the only nation to actively
opposed the Nazi measures
• News of the camps reached the outside world, but was not acted upon
Part II: Japan and the United States
 Opposed by the United States, Japan expanded in the Pacific, and eventually
attacked the United States at Pearl Harbor
Japanese Expansion
• After taking much of China, Japan turned its attention to European colonies of
________________________________
• Japan proposed to create a “Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere” – would
help other Asian nations overthrow ___________________________
• Japan took southern _____________________ from the _______________
• U.S. retaliated by placing an embargo on _____________________ to Japan
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• In response, Japan signed the ______________________ with Germany and
Italy – Axis Powers who would work together for expansion
American Response
• Upon Japan’s invasion of Indochina, FDR demanded that they should
withdraw from there, and China as well
• Congress placed an embargo on ______________________ and froze all
Japanese assets in the U.S.
• Japan’s military believed that the U.S. stood in the way of Japanese expansion,
and thus war was inevitable
• Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto convinced the Japanese military to attack the
American naval base at __________________________
Increased Tensions
• Negotiations between the United States and Japan began to break down
• FDR knew that Japan was poised to attack, but thought it would come in
____________________________________
• The U.S moved all aircraft carriers and half the Pacific army’s planes out of
Hawaii
Pearl Harbor
• On the morning of December 7th, 1941, the Japanese navy attacked
________________________________, Hawaii
• Within 25 minutes, the Japanese had sunk or damaged 19 ships (including 5
_______________________________), and destroyed 188 aircraft
• 2,400 people were dead, 1,100 wounded
• The United States declared war on Japan; German declared war on the United
States
The Allies
• In return, Great Britain declared war on Japan
• With this, Great Britain, the United States, and the
___________________________ allied against Germany and Japan
• Since Stalin was fighting Germany all by himself, he asked the Allies to open
up a second front with Germany
• FDR and the U.S. supported this idea, but Winston Churchill and Britain
opposed it
• Instead, the Allies would attack the Axis powers in ___________________ and
the ___________________________
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