Download Chapter 5 Multiple Choice Questions (Answers) - science-b

Chapter 5 Multiple Choice Questions
Name: ____________________________________________________________
1) Extinction is ________.
A) a natural process
B) not caused by human disturbance
C) the loss of communities from the planet
D) proceeding more slowly now than at any other time
E) something that occurs only rarely
Diff: 1
Objective: 5.3 Evolution results in biodiversity
2) Most extinction is ________.
A) the result of catastrophe
B) gradual
C) the result of slow climate change
D) problematic for generalists
E) not often a problem for endemics
Diff: 2
Objective: 5.3 Evolution results in biodiversity
3) The two processes that determine the world's current biodiversity are ________.
A) allopatric and sympatric speciation
B) mutation and cleavage
C) endemism and climate change
D) extinction and speciation
E) breeding and ecotourism
Diff: 2
Objective: 5.3 Evolution results in biodiversity
4) A population is a ________.
A) group of individuals of interacting species that live in one area
B) group of individuals of interacting species that interact in multiple ecosystems
C) group of individuals of a single species that live in one area
D) subset of bacteria that grow on a petri dish
E) group of cells that have similar function
Diff: 1
Objective: 5.4 Levels of ecological organization
5) Endemic species ________.
A) are generalist organisms
B) cause disease
C) are invasive species that cause extinction
D) have high rates of mutations that lead to large numbers of offspring species
E) are found only in one place on the planet
Diff: 1
Objective: 5.6 Concepts of population ecology
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6) The functional role of a species in its community is its ________.
A) habitat
B) place in the food chain
C) selection
D) niche
E) evolution
Diff: 1
Objective: 5.4 Levels of ecological organization
7) High population density can ________.
A) hinder organisms from finding mates
B) decrease biodiversity within a species
C) decrease competition
D) decrease the use of resources
E) increase the incidence of disease transmission
Diff: 2
Objective: 5.6 Concepts of population ecology
8) Population distribution describes ________.
A) placement of a species around the globe
B) placement of a species within a country's boundaries
C) spatial arrangement of individuals of a single species within a particular area or
ecosystem
D) spatial arrangement of multiple species within a particular area
E) how near or far away individuals in a population are from a resource, such as water
Diff: 2
Objective: 5.6 Concepts of population ecology
9) Age pyramids, used to show the age structure of a population, generally ________.
A) have no inherent value for predicting growth
B) cannot predict possible species declines in numbers
C) have bars that represent sizes of individual organisms
D) indicate the relative numbers (frequency, or percentage) of individuals in each age
class
E) indicate the total numbers of individuals in each age class
Diff: 2
Objective: 5.5 Characteristics that predict population growth
10) Unregulated populations tend to increase by ________.
A) linear growth
B) exponential growth
C) pyramidal growth
D) emigration
E) immigration
Diff: 1
Objective: 5.5 Characteristics that predict population growth
2
11) The carrying capacity is the ________.
A) maximum population size that a given environment can sustain
B) greatest number of different niches possible in a given area
C) potential growth in the number of species in a given area
D) limitation on numbers of species in a community
E) average number of offspring carried to term by a species
Diff: 1
Objective: 5.6 Concepts of population ecology
12) Density-dependent factors ________.
A) include the effects of a hard freeze on an entire community
B) include the effects of a hard freeze on a single species within a community
C) cause decreases in the number of species in an ecosystem
D) include the effects of rainfall on an entire community
E) include the effects of disease and predators on a single species within a community
Diff: 2
Objective: 5.6 Concepts of population ecology
13) Groups of organisms with low biotic potential, such as gray whales, that produce at most
one offspring every other year, are said to be ________.
A) r-selected
B) K-selected
C) density-independent organisms
D) cannot be determined from information given
E) high in biotic potential because of their size, like the grey whale
Diff: 2
Objective: 5.6 Concepts of population ecology
14) Heavy rains and mudslides cause a river to change course, isolating two groups of lizards
from one another. Over a long period of time, ________.
A) one group will probably become an endemic species
B) both groups will probably become native species
C) the groups will probably become genetically different, and speciation may occur
D) one or both groups will probably emigrate
E) one or both groups will probably become invasive species
Diff: 2
Objective: 5.3 Evolution results in biodiversity
15) Which of the following would be most vulnerable to extinction?
A) a moth, brought to the United States for silk production, escaping into the wild and
becoming established
B) an orchid endemic to an area where logging is occurring
C) a healthy plant, such as a pine tree, that completely dominates its native environment
D) a migratory flock of warblers stopping along its winter route to feed on local resources
that are now gone and replaced by a suburb
E) a mold that attacks wheat in the field
Diff: 2
Objective: 5.7 Conservation of biodiversity
3
16) The destruction of ecosystems is not a problem ________.
A) because restoration ecology can restore ecosystems
B) because humans can find and make their own resources
C) because zoos and gardens contain most important species and breeding technologies
are improving
D) because our understanding of genetics allows us to restore populations
E) incorrect; the destruction of ecosystems is always a problem
Diff: 2
Objective: 5.7 Conservation of biodiversity
17) A small moth pollinates native trees when they bloom in April. Some of the moths emerge in
early March and discover a different blooming shrub to use as a resource. This is an example
of what, over time, could be ________.
A) sympatric speciation
B) allopatric speciation
C) an invasive species
D) an extinction for the original population
E) a change in age structure of the original population
Diff: 3
Objective: 5.1 The process of natural selection
18) One example of artificial selection is ________.
A) crossing a lion and a tiger to get a sterile animal called a liger
B) gypsy moths as an invasive species
C) pet dogs that have gone wild, are mating with coyotes, and live in packs
D) humans placing a gene for human insulin into a flower
E) broccoli and brussels sprouts
Diff: 3
Objective: 5.2 Supporting lines of evidence for natural selection
19) In a population of field mice, an example of an adaptive trait that could help with
reproduction and/or survival would be ________.
A) being brightly colored so other mice could see you
B) needing to eat more food than other mice your size
C) spending more time running around on the ground looking for better seeds
D) having a bit more fur to withstand cold weather
E) having shorter legs to be lower to the ground
Diff: 3
Objective: 5.1 The process of natural selection
20) A number of coyotes move into an area and begin to eat a population of small harvest mice.
After several years, the harvest mice are much speedier runners than before the coyotes
came. This is an example of ________.
A) stabilizing selection
B) directional selection
C) disruptive selection
D) allopatric speciation
E) sympatric speciation
Diff: 2
Objective: 5.1 The process of natural selection
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21) Which of the following would represent a clumped population dispersion pattern?
A) a forest of pine trees
B) oaks planted on city streets
C) a pod of 40 migrating gray whales
D) eagles nesting in the Grand Canyon
E) earthworms in the soil of a garden
Diff: 2
Objective: 5.6 Concepts of population ecology
22) A Type I survivorship curve, with higher death rates at older ages, is typical of ________.
A) redwood trees
B) large open-water ocean fish, such as tuna
C) dandelions
D) large mammals such as gorillas
E) large reptiles such as alligators
Diff: 2
Objective: 5.5 Characteristics that predict population growth
23) An example of a density-independent factor would be ________.
A) blight (a mold disease) in a wheat field
B) cold weather causing the lake to freeze
C) nest sites for a flock of warblers
D) a plant parasite, such as mistletoe
E) a grass that is wind pollinated
Diff: 2
Objective: 5.6 Concepts of population ecology
24) Which of the following pairs contains, first, an r-selected organism and, second, a K-selected
organism?
A) elephant; whale
B) elephant; pine tree
C) pine tree; dandelion
D) dandelion; pine tree
E) grasshopper; whale
Diff: 3
Objective: 5.6 Concepts of population ecology
25) A coyote, which can alter its food intake to match seasonal abundance of plants, fruits, or
small animals, is considered to be ________.
A) a generalist, able to be flexible
B) a specialist, able to specialize on whatever is available at the time
C) an endemic, able to be flexible
D) density independent and resource neutral
E) an organism with a Type II survivorship curve
Diff: 2
Objective: 5.6 Concepts of population ecology
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