Download force and motion study guide

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1. What is a force? (page 124 and foldable )
A push or pull that can cause a change in motion
2. What units are used to express force? (page 124 and foldable)
Newtons
3. How do you determine the net force of an object? (page 125)
Determine the total force acting on an object by adding the forces in the same direction
and then subtracting those acting in opposite directions.
4. Define: balanced force.
= 0 Newtons, does not cause a change in motion
unbalanced force. (pages 126-127)
is greater than zero, does cause a change in motion
5. Define friction. (page 128) an unbalanced force between 2 objects in contact that
opposes motion. Friction always slows objects down.
6. Why does friction occur? (page 128) due to the ridges and valleys on the surface of an
object
7. How can friction be both helpful and harmful? Give 3 examples of each. (page 131)
answers may vary.
8. List 3 ways to increase friction. (page 132-133)
make the surface rougher
increase the mass
increase the force
9. List 2 ways to decrease friction. (page 132-133)
make the surface smoother or add lubricant
decrease the force
10. Define gravity. (page 134)
the force of attraction between objects with mass
11. What 2 factors change gravity? (page 137-138)
gravity depends on the mass of the objects and the distance between them
12. How is gravitational forced increased? (p. 136-137 and Figure 4 & 5)
make the objects bigger and/or move them closer together
13. How is gravitational force decreased? (p. 136-137 and Figure 4 & 5)
make the objects smaller and/or move them further apart
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14. What is the difference between mass and weight? (page 138 and warm-up)
mass is constant weight changes
mass is measured in grams, weight is measured in Newtons
mass is measured on balance, weight is measured on a scale
mass is the amount of matter in an object, weight is a measure of gravity.
15. What is Newton’s First Law of Motion? (page 158-159)
An object in motion stays in motion and an object at rest stays at rest unless acted
upon by an unbalanced force. Also called the law of inertia.
16. How does friction relate to Newton’s First Law of Motion? (page 159)
friction is an unbalanced force that can cause a change in an object’s motion.
17. Define inertia. (page 160) the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion.
More mass = more inertia.
18. Explain the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration. (page 161)
Heavier objects accelerate more slowly than lighter objects and it requires more force
to move heavier objects
19. What is the formula for Newton’s Second Law of Motion? (page 162)
F = ma
Force = mass x acceleration
20. State Newton’s Third Law of Motion. (page 163)
Every action as an equal and opposite reaction
21. Describe action force=the initial force on an object reaction force = the force back on
the first object…it is always EQUAL AND OPPOSITE the action force
22. Define motion= change in distance over time relative to a reference point
23. Define reference point: (page 118)=the point used for comparison to see if an object
is moving
24. Define speed. (page 119) =speed is distance covered per unit of time
25. Write the equation used to calculate speed= s=d/t or speed=distance divided by time
26. Explain the difference between speed and velocity. (page 119-120) velocity has a
direction component, speed does not.
27. What is acceleration? (page 120 -121) change in velocity over time
28. What are the three types of acceleration? (page 120-121)
speeding up
slowing down (deceleration)
changing direction
29. Find the average speed of a person who swims 140 m in 70 seconds
SPEED = D/T = 140m/70s = 2m/s
30. The Atlanta Falcons are traveling to Miami to play the Dolphins. The team bus travels
at 90km/hr. What is the velocity of the bus? = 90 km/hour South. Velocity is speed in
a given direction…so just add the direction because you are already given the speed.