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Nanotechnology and Heath: The use of nanostructure DDS system in tissue engineer, cancer treatment and other diseases Antonio.C.Tedesco, Ph.D. Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group FFCLRP- São Paulo University, Ribeirão Preto, S. P., Brasil [email protected] The ability of the body to restore its integrity subsequent to many different kinds of injury is essential for the maintenance of life. Any living organism, in its constant interaction with the environment and with other organisms, eventually faces adverse situations, such as harsh climatic conditions, infections or many other diseases that might bring about the need to repair or reconstitute its body structures in order to preserve the original tissue function. Today there are a new field of medicine that are in charge of the development of new techniques and therapeutic approaches to repair and restore the cell , tissue and body integrity know generally a as Tissue Engineering. It can be defined as a therapeutic approach that use biomaterials in association with small molecules, cells lines, genes, or other biological material to maintain, replace, or repair organ function with the objective of correcting the underlying pathology. Most of the work developed until now are based on the use of engineered cells, tissues, associated with synthetic materials that can potentially extend and improve a patient’s life. Three basics approaches have been used, 1) organ transplants, 2) surgical reconstruction associate with the use of mechanical devices, and, more recently, 3) cellular therapy. Cancer and many other non-oncological diseases has been used nanotechnology associate with the development of drug delivery system to improve the treatment protocol and also to establish new in vivo studies models. The association of tissue engineering models, nanotechnology and photo process (drugs working by light activation) will be discuss in this in this tutorial, presenting the future advantages of these combination not only applicable to cancer treatment, but also to other diseases, as tuberculosis, PBmicose, and epilepsy. .