Download AP Environmental Science Name: Environmental Laws Directions

AP Environmental Science
Name: ______________________________
Environmental Laws
Directions: Use the textbook and any other source you feel would assist you in this task, to match
the following environmental laws found in the table below with their descriptions.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
Kyoto conference
Energy Policy Act (1992)
Fifra (Federal Insecticide,
Fungacide and Rodent
Control Act, ’72, ’75, ’78,
’88)
Surface Mining Control
and Reclamation Act (1977)
Coastal Zone Management
Clean Air Act (’62, ’65, ’65,
’70, ’77, ’90)
Lacey Act (1900)
h.
Migratory Bird Conservation
Act
i. Montreal Protocol
j. Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act, 1975 (RCRA)
k. Wilderness Act (1964)
l. Marine Mammal Protection Act
m. National Environmental Policy
Act (NEPA)
n. Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation
Liability Act (CERCLA)
o. Safe Drinking Water Act
Law/ Agreement/ Policy/ Treaty
Montreal Protocol
Kyoto Conference
CITES treaty
Marine Mammal Protection Act
p.
q.
r.
s.
t.
Taylor Grazing Act
(1943)
Marine Protection,
Research and
Sanctuaries Act
(1972)
U.S. Clean Water Act
CITES Treaty
Endangered Species
Act (’73, ’82, ’85, ’88)
Description
This international agreement was formulated in Montreal, Canada, in
1987 to phase out the production and release of CFCs and other
substances that destroy the stratospheric ozone layer. In 1990 the
Montreal Protocol was amended to speed up the phaseout. At this time a
fund was also established to help finance the phaseout of ozone-depleting
chemicals in developing countries. The Montreal Protocol and its
subsequent amendments have been hailed by some as the best example to
date of true international cooperation in addressing an environmental
problem and taking definite action to correct the situation
Global warming greenhouse gas reduction
that controls and monitors the international trade in endangered or
threatened species of plants and animals (either whole organisms, parts of
organisms, or products derived from the organisms). Under the
convention, international imports and exports of various endangered,
threatened, or potentially threatened species are tightly controlled and
limited (in some cases, no trade in certain species is permitted). Countries
abiding by CITES annually file reports on animal and plant imports and
exports with the CITES organization,
For the protection, conservation, and encouragement of international
research on marine mammals; established the Marine Mammal
Commission.
Coastal Zone Manangement
The CZMA encourages states to preserve, protect, develop, and, where
possible, restore or enhance valuable natural coastal resources such as
wetlands, floodplains, estuaries, beaches, dunes, barrier islands, and coral
reefs, as well as the fish and wildlife using those habitats. Voluntary,
funds available
U.S. Clean Water Act
-Goals: Safe surface waters (fishing, Swimming), to restore and maintain
the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nations water.
-Requires an environmental statement (E.I.S.) for any project which
receives federal funding
Established policies to prevent damage to the environment and to
promote the health and welfare of humans; environmental impact
NEPA (National Enviromental Policy Act) statements required for large construction projects regulated, undertaken,
or funded by the federal government. The act set up the Council on
Environmental Quality as an independent agency in the White House.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was also established by
presidential order in 1970
Energy Policy Act
(1992)
Clean Air Acts
('62 '65 '65 '70 '77 '90)
-Extends tax benefits to solar and wind energy industries. Provides a
subsidy ($.015 per. kW-h) to utilities for electricity provided by using
renewable resources.
-Requires 75% of federally purchased cars and light trucks run on fuels
such as natural gas, propane, ethanol, or, methanol. -Prohibits oil and gas
drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, among others.
-Set standards for six ('The Six') criteria pollutants (National Ambient Air
Quality Standards) Particulates (PM), Sulfur dioxide (SO2), Carbon
Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)*, Ozone (O3), and Lead (PB).
-Set Limits od SO2 Emitted by coal-fired (burning) power plants.
Established SO2 pollution permits sold on the Chicago Board of Trade.
* No2= Nitrogen Oxide, N2O= Nitrous Oxide
NO= Nitrogen Dioxide.
RCRA
(Resource Conservation and Recovery
Act, 1975)
-Requires E.P.A. to I.D. hazardous waste and set standards for there
management
-Provides Guidelines and money-aid for states with established waste
management programs.
-Also requires all firms that store, treat, or dispose of more than 100
kg.(220 lbs.) of hazardous waste per month to have a permit stating how
much wastes are to be managed.
Cercla (Comprehensive Enviromental
Response, Compensation Liability Act)
- I.D./ Cleanup abandoned hazardous waste dump sites, and linking
underground tanks.
-"Polluter Pay Principle"
Fifra (Federal Insecticde, Fungacide, and - Requires all commercial pesticides to be approved by the E.P.A. for
general or restricted use.
Rodent Control Act, '72, '75, '78, '88)
Lacey Act (1900)
Wilderness Act (1964)
Endangered Species Act
(1973, '82, '85, '88)
-Prohibits transportation of live or dead animals or their parts across state
boarders without a federal permit.
-To preserve large expanses of pristine lands. National Wilderness
Preservation system established
- Authorizes the (NMFS) National Marine Fisheries Service to I.D. and
list endangered and threatened species.
- Authorizes the Fish and Wildlife Services (USFWS) to I.D. out list
endangered/threatened species which are not under the authority of the
NMFS.
- These species cannot be hinted, killed, collected, or injured in the U.S.
(Over 1,000 animals on the list, with approx. 700 animals outside of the
U.S.)
Taylor Grazing Act (1943)
-Permit required and fees for use of federal grazing lands.
-Limits on number of livestock that could be grazed.
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation -Requires reclamation of lands mined
Act (1977)
Migratory Bird Conservation Act
Safe Drinking Water Act
Marine Protection, Research and
Sanctuaries Act (1972)
-Required waterfowl hunters to buy a federal duck hunting license.
-Sale of these permits goes to waterfowl research and purchasing of land
for waterfowl refuges.
Q.-What type :Economic Solution/Approach" is this?
approve areas of land or water recommended by the Secretary of the
Interior for acquisition as reservations for migratory birds. Consultation
with state and local government is required prior to acquisition.
Ensures minimum standards and regulates contaminants in public water
supplies
The act instructed EPA to establish a national program to prevent
underground injections of contaminated fluids that would endanger
drinking water sources. Primary drinking water standards promulgated
under the SDWA apply to drinking water "at the tap" as delivered by
public water supply systems.
regulates the ocean dumping of waste, provides for a research program on
ocean dumping, and provides for the designation and regulation of
marine sanctuaries. Often known as the Ocean Dumping Act, the act
regulates the ocean dumping of all material beyond the territorial limit
(three miles from shore) and prevents or strictly limits dumping material
that "would adversely affect human health, welfare, or amenities, or the
marine environment, ecological systems, or economic potentialities."