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COMPARATIVE ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY (Level 2, 3 CU) a. Brief Course Description This course covers organismic and population physiology. Phylogenic approach to the study of systems integrating invertebrate and vertebrate body functions in relation to environmental conditions; homeostasis; coordination of body functions in response to external environment; nutrition and energy production as support to all the body functions. b. Course Objectives By the end of the course, the students should be able to: Describe the biological body systems that support the integrity of the body Explain how the intrinsic and extrinsic factors control body functions Explain the proximate and ultimate factors in the integration of individual and animal populations in the environment. c. Detailed Course Descriptions Nutrition (6 hrs) -Types of heterotrophic nutrition and modes of feeding -Mechanisms of digestion, absorption and assimilation Osmoregulation and excretion (4 hrs) -Osmoregulationin fresh and marine protozoans, marine fish, terrestrial animals, including earthworms, snail, arthropods, insects, amhibians, birds and mammals. -Types excretory products Comparative circulatory system (5 hrs) -Types and characteristics of circulatory systems in animals -Types of oxygen carrying pigments Gaseous exchange (5 hrs) -Different types of respiratory surfaces and their characteristics in promoting gaseous exchange Locomotion (5 hrs) -Modes and types of locomotion in various media -Efficiency of various types of locomotion in animals Coordination and Homeostasis in animals (5 hrs) -General functions of coordination in lower and higher animals, types of coordination, including nervous and chemical coordination -Coordination of body functions in response to external environment Practicals (30 hrs) d. Mode of Delivery: Lectures, assignments, tutorials and practicals Assessment: Practicals, assignments and tests (40%) and examination (60%) Note: Requirements for Zoology Vehicles for transport Microscopes – binocular and high power and accessories Collecting equipment for aquatic organisms Glassware Culture substances and media Insect collecting, capture and culturing facilities Insects boxes, pins etc Chemicals, preservation of speciment, section slides (alcohol, formalin etc) Apparatus for slide making fixing cutting (mirco storage cabinets Bone collections for teaching anatomy Museum specimens of invert…… Physilogical equipment Reagents for physiological experiments Fishing gear for fisheries studies Camping gear for field work - for collecting for culture and storage for mounting slides Chemicals Reagents - Organic acids Inorganic acids Equipment Centrifuges Incubators Water baths Heating blocks Vortex mixers Fridges Deep freezers Electrophoresis apparatus Blotter ELISA machine Chromatography apparatus Chromatography columns Blenders Heating mantles Freeze-dryer Rotary evaporators Thermocyclers Refractiometersermometers Laminar flow cabinets Micro-plate reader Fourier-transform spectroscopy Spectrophotometers (U/V – visible) High-performance liquid chromatography system Glassware Conical flasks (in their various sizes) Beakers (in their various sizes) Volumetric flasks (in their various sizes) Measuring cylinders in their various sizes) Petri-dishes Burrets Pipettes Cuvetts Test tubes Universal bottles Sample bottles Soxhlet apparatus Plastic ware Rubber tubings Beakers Measuring cylinders Pipette tips (in various sizes) Pipette trip boxes Epiendorf tubes PCR tubes Colorimeters Weighing balances Transilluminator Ovens Furnace Distillers autoclave