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Advanced Biology Mr. Petryszak Name: Period: Date: Building a Biological and Scientific Vocabulary The vocabulary of science and in particular the vocabulary of Biology is often a difficult obstacle for many students to overcome. However learning and understanding many of these terms can be made easier by learning the word pieces that make them up. Often these elements are based upon Greek and Latin components. Figuring out the meanings of words by looking at their parts will help you understand scientific material. An example would be the word centrifugation. The Latin elements centrum and fugere are essential to the understanding of this term. Centrum means center and fugere means to flee. With understanding you might guess that centrifugation has to do with fleeing from the center. Centrifugation separates substances by whirling them in a circle at high speeds. The heavier substances are separated from the lighter ones in the process. The list below contain many roots, prefixes and suffixes used in biological vocabulary. You will be periodically examined to test your knowledge of these elements. Latin and Greek Elements Element Meaning Examples A No, Not Atom, Asymmetry, Asexual Ad On, Toward Adsorption, Addition, Adhesive Alub White Albumen Amin From ammonia Amino acids, Amine, Ammonia Ana Up, Again Anaphase, Analog, Analogy Angio Case, Capsule Angiosperm Antho Flower Anther, Antheridium Anti Against Antibiotic, Antiserum Arterio Having to do with arteries Arteriosclerosis Bac Rod , Stick Bacillus, Bacteria, Bactericide Bi Two Bilateral, Binomial, Bivalves Bio Life Biology, Biodegradable, Biome Bronchi Windpipe Bronchioles, Bronchitis, Bronchial 15 Latin and Greek Elements Calor Heat Calorie, Caloreceptor, Calorescence Capi Hair Capillary, Capillarity Carbo Coal Carbohydrate, Carbon, Carbonated Cardi Heart Cardiac, Cardiopulmonary, Cardiogram Carna Flesh, Meat Carnivore Centr Center Centriole, Centromere, Central nervous system Cephal Head Cephalothorax, Cephalic, Encephalogram Cereb Brain Cerebellum, Cerebrum, Cerebral Chlor Green Chlorophyll, Chloroplast, Chlorine Chol Bile, Gall Cholesterol, Cholera Chord Cord, String Chordata, Notochord, Chordate Chrom Color Chromosome, Chromophore, Chrome Cilia Little hairs Ciliate, Cilium Clima Region, Slope Climate, Climax Cloaca Sewer Cloaca, Cloacal Co With Commensalism, Community, Coenzyme Cocc Round, Like a berry Cocci, Streptococcus Coch Snail Cochlea, Cochleate Com With Commensalism, Combine Cornu Horn Cornucopia, Cornea Crin Separate Endocrine, Endocrinology Cyto Cell Cytoplasm, Cytosine, Cytology Decid Falling out Demos People, Populace 25 Deciduous forest Epidemic, Democrat, Endemic Latin and Greek Elements Derm Skin Dermis, Epidermis, Hypodermic Di Two Dicot, Dicotyledon, Diptera Dia Across Diagram, Diaphragm, Diatom Ecos Home Ecosystem, Ecology Endo Within Endoplasm, Endocrine Epi Over, Upon Epidemic, Epidermis, Epiglottis Ex, Exo Out of Excretion, Exoskeleton, Exodus Flagel Whip Dinoflagellates, Flagella Fossa Dig, Trench Frat Sibling, Brother Fraternal Twins, Fraternity, Fraternize Fungi Mushroom, Toadstool Fungicide, Fungal, Fungus Gameto Reproductive germ Gen Make, Birth Regeneration, Genotype, Genetics Geo Earth Geothermal, Geometry, Geography Glottis Tongue Epiglottis, Polygot, Glottic Gymno Naked Gymnosperm, Gymnospore, Gymnasium Hemo Blood Hemoglobin, Hemophiliac, Hemostat Hypha Weaving (threads) Hypo Under Inter Between Iso Equal Isometric, Isotonic, Isosceles Liga To bind, Tie Ligaments, Ligate, Ligature Melan Black Melanin, Melanoma, Melancholy Mene Moon Menstruation, Meniscus Mer Form, Shape Meta Changing, Among 35 Fossil, Fossilized Gametophyte, Gamete, Gametogenesis Hyphae, Hyphal Hypodermic, Hypotonic Interneurons, Interphase, Intertidal Centromere, Polymer Metamorphosis, Metaphase, Latin and Greek Elements Metatarsal Mito Thread Mono One Narco Numbness Neri Sea nymph, Fish Neritic zone, Nereid Neuro Nerve Neuron, Neuroblast Noto Back Notochord, Notoderm Nucl Nut, Walnut Ology Study of Omni Many, All Osmos Pushing Ovi, Ovo Egg Para Beside Parasite, Paramecium, Parabola Peri Around Peristalsis, Perimeter, Pericardium Phyto Plant Plasm Form (Viscous) Pod Foot Arthropod, Pseudopod Proto first Protista, Protozoa, Prototype Pseudo false Pseudopod, Pseudonym Reti A net Retina, Reticulate, Reticulum Soma Body Chromosome, Somatic, Somatoplasm Sorb To suck in, Swallow Stigma Stain, Spot Stoma Mouth Sym Same, Similar Syn(m) Together Sympathy, Symbiosis Trache Windpipe Trachea, Tracheal, Tracheae 45 Mitosis, Mitochondria, Mitotic Monocot, Monotone, Monotreme Narcotic, Narcolepsy, Narcosis, Nucleotides, Nuclear, Nucleus Biology, Ecology, Zoology Omnivore, Omnipotent, Omnibus Osmosis, Osmotic Ovum, Oval, Ovaries Gametophyte, saprophyte, Sporophyte Plasma, Cytoplasm, Endoplasm Absorb, Adsorb Stigmatize, Astigmatic Stomata, Stomach Symmetry Latin and Greek Elements Tropo Turning Vaso (Blood) Vessel Ventr Little belly Vert To change, Turn Zo Animal 55 Geotropism, Phototropism, Tropical Vascular, Vasomoter, Vasodilator Ventricle Invert, Invertebrate, vertebrate Protozoa, Zoo, Zoology
