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RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES
KARNATAKA BANGALORE
ANNEXURE- II
APPLICATION FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR
DISSERTATION
1
Name of the candidate
and address
Dr. PALLAVI UPPIN
P.G. STUDENT,
DEPARTMENT OF MATERIA MEDICA,
H.K.E’S HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICAL
COLLEGE & HOSPITAL, SEDAM ROAD,
GULBARGA – 585105.
HKE’S HOMEOPATHIC MEDICAL
COLLEGE & HOSPITAL SEDAM ROAD
GULBARGA- 585105
M.D(HOMOEO) MATERIA MEDICA
2
Name of the institution
3
Course of the study and
subject
10-10-2012
Date of admission to the
course
Title of the topic
“A CLINICAL STUDY ON EFFICACY
OF HOMOEOPATHIC REMEDIES IN
THE MANAGEMENT AND
TREATMENT OF PHARYNGITIS.”
Brief resume of the
intended work
PHARYNGITIS comes from the
Need for the study
greek word Pharynx Pharanx meaning Throat
and the suffix –Itis means Inflammation.
Therefore, it is an inflammatory condition of
throat especially back of the throat( Pharynx).
It is most common cause for sore throat.
4
5
6
6.1
Regardless of age, gender, among
all others, the affections of pharyngitis
constitute one of the most frequent reason for
visiting the doctor.
Around 30 million people are
affected by Pharyngitis annually.
Pharyngitis is classified into Acute
pharyngitis is characterized by sudden onset
and typically a relatively short course. Again
acute is of catarrhal and purulent or ulcerative
depending of the virulence of causative agent
and immune capacity of the affected
individual.
Chronic
pharyngitis
is
characterized by gradual onset and typically a
relatively long duration. It is of catarrhal and
hypertrophic or atrophic type.
Cause:
Direct contact with the infected person.
Infectious cause:
Virus are the most common causes 90% in
adults, 60%-75% in children and include
rhinovirus, adenovirus, para-influenza
virus, herpes simplex virus, Epstein-Barr
virus, cytomegalovirus.
Bacteria:
Group A β-hemolytic streptococci, Group C
streptococci, Group G streptococci,
Corynebacterium diphtheria,
Aranobacterinum haemolytium, Neisseria
gonorrhea,Yernisia enterocolitica.
Fungi:
candida may be found in immunecompromised individuals.
Non-infection cause:
Irritants, pollutants, chemical substances,
smoking(both active and passive.
Allergies:
dust, certain food and drinks, pollen grains,
etc.
According to Allopathic school
of medicine: they manage by advising bed
rest, give symptomatic treatment mainly in
viral infections, give analgesics, antibiotics
preferably pencillin or erythromycin. Mouth
washes, cough suppressants like codeine
phosphate linctus.
It is rather difficult to reverse the
chronic changes once they have set in
However, the symptoms can be elevated to a
greater extent, primary etiological factors
should receive proper treatment.
Advices given: to avoid alcohol,
smoking, exposure to irritants, spicy food,
direct contact with infected person.
Most of the Allopathic drugs have
side effects and there is a chance of
recurrence after end of the treatment, but in
Homoeopathy complete system of medicine
aims is to promote general health, by
reinforcing the body’s own natural healing
capacity.
Homoeopathy means similar to the
suffering the remedies used to treat sick
people are actually capable of producing
similar set of symptoms in a healthy person,
homoeopathic remedies act at a level of
energy, so we don’t treat for pharyngitis but,
the person as a whole. Homoeopathy has
much to offer in this condition, not only in the
active phase of illness where it acts by
providing prompt relief of the symptoms but
is also capable of checking the further
predisposition to these conditions in sensitive
individuals
Homoeopathy can boost the
immune system to fight out the disease and to
prevent sickness in the future, so number of
people’s are diverting towards homoeopathy
to boost up their immune system in order to
fight the disease naturally.
So, Homeopathic system is a safe,
rapid, gentle and permanent cure for
pharyngitis.
It’s an effort, to see the utility of
homoeopathic medicine in pharyngitis
Hence I want to make an effort in dissertation
on this topic.
6.2
Review of literature
1. Acute pharyngitis:
Acute inflammation of the pharyngeal
mucosa is an accompanying feature of
many local and systemic diseases.
Membranous pharyngitis
Various diseases local or systemic are
associated with membrane formation
in the pharynx.
Chronic pharyngitis:
Chronic inflammation of the pharynx
may be due to non-specific or specific
lesions.
Chronic non-specific pharyngitis.
Chronic specific pharyngitis.
REF NO. 1
2. Acute pharyngitis
Etiology: it is very common and
occurs due to varied etiological factors
like viral, bacterial, fungal or others,
viral causes are more common for
acute pharyngitis.
Acute streptococcal pharyngitis had
received more importance because of
It’s etiology in rheumatic fever and
post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis.
Chronic pharyngitis
It is a chronic inflammatory condition
of the pharynx.
Chronic pharyngitis is of 2 types
Chronic catarrhal pharyngitis
Chronic hypertrophic pharyngitis
Atrophic pharyngitis
It is a form of chronic pharyngitis
often seen in patients of atrophic
rhinitis. Pharyngeal mucosa along
with its mucous glands shows atrophy.
REF NO. 2
3. The pharynx
Acute catarrhal pharyngitis
This is not well defined affection it is
usually accompanied by acute rhinitis
on one hand and laryngitis on the
other hand. The tonsils often
participate in the inflammation
Acute septic pharyngitis
This term includes a series of severe
infective inflammation oedematous,
phlegmonous and gangrenous.
Pharyngitis, laryngitis, and Ludwig’s
Angina.
Chronic Pharyngitis
Etiology: Chronic Pharyngitis is
usually secondary to chronic
infections in the nasal sinuses, tonsils,
or teeth.
REF NO. 3
4. Acute Pharyngitis
Acute sore throat is the term
employed. It is an acute inflammation
of the mucous membrane lining the
pharynx and frequently a part of a
general inflammation affecting the
nose and larynx
Homoeopathic remedies for
management of pharyngitis
Aconite 3x : the invasion is sharp,
with active systemic reaction indicated
by fever or repeated attacks of chills.
Apprehensiveness and sense of
impending severe illness.
Apis 3x: constricting, burning, and
stitching pains. The local condition
presents marked oedema. The mucous
membranes are shiny and puffed.
Chronic Pharyngitis
This is simple catarrhal, granular or
lateral hypertrophy of the pharyngeal
mucous membrane.
Ars.iod 2x: follicular and glandular
enlargement, the mucous membrane
between the area of hypertrophy in
anaemic.
Atrophic Pharyngitis:
This condition is characterized by
abnormal dryness of pharynx and is
observed particularly in individual
who are anaemic or debilitated, in
diabetics and those afflicted with
tuberculosis and contracted kidneys.
Homoeopathic, china tincture and the
iodide of arsenic 2x are frequently
indicated because of the type of
patient condition with which atrophic
pharyngitis is frequently associated.
REF NO. 4
5. Acute Pharyngitis
The character and severity of the
symptoms depends on the cause and
nature of the attack`.
Amm – Carb : when swallowing
there is sensation of foreign body in
the throat.
Sore throat as if something is stitching
in it, especially in the morning and in
the evening. putrid sore throat.
Chronic follicular pharyngitis
Calc-Carb : sore throat as if from a
plug or a swelling in the gullet.
Constriction in the throat and cramp
like contraction of the gullet.
Affection in the throat after straining
the back, hawking up of mucus.
Atrophic pharyngitis
Sabadilla :
Pain in the throat as if caused by a
plug or an internal swelling during
deglutition.
Dryness in the throat.
REF NO. 5
6. Aesculus Hippocastanum
I have used with very good results in
coryza and sore throat. Sensation of
rawness, sensitive to inhaled cold air,
in the throat it has the same sensation
of a rawness, both in acute and in
chronic follicular pharyngitis to which
it is often a good remedy.
Phytolococca Decandra
I have done some good work with this
remedy in follicular pharyngitis,
especially when in public speakers the
voice gave out from over work and
there was much burning in the throat
as of a hot substance there in this kind
of sore throat I have the best success
with the remedy very high.
REF NO. 6
7. Kali- Bichromium
We find kali- bichromium indicated in
the forms of inflammation of the
throat other then diphtheritic, thus it is
called for in follicular pharyngitis, the
follicles of the throat becomes
hypertrophied and looks like little
tubercles on the pharyngeal walls.
Kali-carbonicum :
It acts causing a quite a series of
catarrhal symptoms. There is a
sticking sensation in the pharynx, as
from a fish bone lodged there,
whenever the patient becomes cold.
REF NO. 7
8. Laryngitis and pharyngitis
Wyethia Helenoides
Excellent remedy for pharyngitis
characterized by constant irritation in
the pharynx that makes the person
clear the throat like crazy, this does
not bring any relief of the patient.
The pharynx feels dry and swollen
constant tickling in the epiglottis, this
leads to coughing.
It is useful for Pharyngitis in school
teachers, singers and other
professional who use to do lots of
public speaking.
REF NO. 8
9. Pharyngitis
Acute sore throat is the form given to
pharyngitis. It is inflammation of the
mucous membrane lining the pharynx
and is frequently a part of general
inflammation affecting the nose and
larynx. It is seen as a part of general
acute upper respiratory tract infection
so called general cold.
REF NO. 9
10. Complete and permanent cure of
Pharyngitis.
Treatment:
Most sore throat are caused by
viruses. Antibiotics do not help. The
best treatment is any condition is to
build your immune system up. This in
far superior to looking to kill off
bacteria. The bacteria aren’t the
course of the malady, your immune
system is compromised. There are
many homoeopathic medicine which
treat a throat.
REF NO. 10
6.3
Objective of the study
1. To study and assess the efficacy of
homeopathic medicines in treating
PHARYNGITIS.
2. To evolve the group of remedies
commonly indicated in the
management of PHARYNGITIS.
7
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
Material and methods
Source of data
HKE’S HOMEOPATHIC MEDICAL
COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL, IPD AND
OPDs.
1. By interrogations of the individual
Method of collection of
cases
data including sampling
2. By physical examination of the patient
procedure if any
and routine lab investigation.
3. Sample size- 30 cases are to be
studied.
4. Sampling procedure- samples
collected using the simple random
sampling technique.
5. Data analysis by chi squire test.
6. Inclusive criteriaPatients of all age group
Both Sexes
From all socio-economic status
7. Exclusive criteriaRheumatic fever
Glomerulonephritis
Tonsillitis
Sinusitis
Specific infection of pharynx like
Tuberculous, syphilis, lupus vulgaris.
Peritonsillar abscess
Does this study requires
any investigations or
interventions to be
conducted on patients
or other humans or
animals?
If so please describe
briefly
Whether ethical
clearance has been
obtained from your
institution in case of 7.3
8. Duration of study
1-05-2013 to 30-04-2015
The
study
requires
the
following
investigations to be conducted on patients.
Complete blood count.
Throat swab for smear culture
X-rays ( if required)
Yes, the ethical clearance has been obtained
from institution.
8
List of references

Ref No.1
Dr.Mohammad Maqbool
Suhail Maqbool
Text Book Of Ear, Nose And Throat
Diseases.
Chapter 46
11th Edition
Jaypee Brothers
Page No. 279-281

Ref No.2
Dr. P.L. Dhingra
Diseases Of Ear, Nose And Throat
4th Edition
Elsevier Indian Pvt Ltd
Chapter No. 49 Acute And Chronic
Pharyngitis
Page No. 236-238

Ref No.3
Dr.Price’s Textbook Of The
Practice Of Medicine
12th Edition The English Language
Book Society And Oxford
University
Page No. 613, 614 And 848, 849

Ref No.4
Dr.Joseph V.F. Clay
Homoeopathic Treatment Of
Diseases Of The Nose And Throat
B.Jain Publisher’s Reprint Edition
1998
Page No. 113 – 120

Ref No.5
Dr.P. Sivaraman
Ear, Nose And Throat
Troubles Cured With Homoeopathy
B.Jain Publisher’s Pvt Ltd
Reprint Edition 1997
Page No.270-273,14,43,205

Ref No. 6
Dr E.B. Nash. MD
Leaders In Homeopathic
Therapeutics.
B. Jain Publications
Reprint Edition - 2000 – 01
Page No. 181 , 447

Ref No. 7
Dr. E.A. Farrington MD
Clinical Materia Medica
B. Jain Publications
4th Edition
Reprint Edition- 1994
Page No. 722, 730, 740

Ref No.8
Dr. Farokh J.M.
The Homoeopathic Heritage
Bringing Classical And
Contemporary Homoeopathy
Together
Vol No. 35
Common Ent Problems In My
Practice
Page No. 10

Ref No. 9
Homoeopathy For All
Vol. 4 No.45 Sep 15 2003
Diseases Of Nose And Throat In
Children’s
Page No. 41

Ref No. 10
www.sheryna.in/Complete-AndPermanent-Cure-Of-PharyngitisWit...
9
Signature of candidate
10
Remarks of guide
11
Name and designation
of (in block letters)
11.1
Signature
11.2
Co-guide (if any)
11.3
Signature
11.4
Head of the department
11.5
Signature
12
Remarks of the
chairman and principal
12.1
Signature
Dr. MAHADEV PASAR
M.D. (Homoeo)
Prof. Of Materia Medica Dept
Hke’s Homeopathic Medical College &
Hospital Gulbarga.
Dr. RAJESHWARI. K
M.D. (Homoeo)
Prof. & H.O.D Department Of Materia
Medica,
H.K.E’S Homoeopathic Medical College &
Hospital Gulbarga