Download The Renaissance - Manasquan Public Schools

The Renaissance
Mr. Read
World History
Effects of the Crusade
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Decrease power of the Pope
Decrease feudal nobility
Trade between Europe and Southwest Asia
Religious intolerance grows
Muslims distrust Christians
Trade between Middle East and Europe
European technology increases
The Mortality
Rate
35% - 70%
25,000,000 dead !!!
Changing Nature of the
Catholic Church – 1st Estate
"The church is not susceptible of being
reformed in her doctrines…The church is
the work of God and, like all of God's
works, it is perfect…The church is
independent of any earthly power, not
merely in regard to her lawful end and
purpose, but also in regard to whatever
means she may deem suitable and
necessary to attain them."
–Stated by a 14th Century pope
Changing Nature of the
Noble Class
• Consequences of the War
– People lost respect for knights
– Knights became outmoded method of
fighting
– Knights were a suppressed class
– Commoners were important in war
– Barons lost power to the king
– Nationalism was promoted
– Parliament gained control over money
End of Middle Ages –
Creativity
• Changes in the church – negative
• Changes in the nobility – kings
gained power at expense of church
and minor nobles
• Changes in the commoners – much
gain in power and development of
technology helped
The Beginning
• The term Renaissance means “rebirth” in
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Latin.
It was the rebirth of art and learning.
It was influenced by very powerful families
such as the Medici family.
The Medici’s were bankers out of Florence.
The families gave support to various artists.
Characteristics of the
Renaissance
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Humanism
Individualism
Questioning Attitude
Interest in Secular, or non-religious worldly
matters.
• Rise of the middle class (Disposable
income)
• Great achievements in the arts.
Humanism
• Humanism is the idea that is focused on
human achievements and potential rather
than religious themes.
• Focused on the man and his world.
• Concentrated on everyday human problems
and relationships.
• Humanists focus on pleasure rather than
morality.
Humanism
• The secular nature of humanism, as well as
it’s questioning attitude, often brought it
into conflict with the traditional teachings
of the Catholic Church and Medieval
thinking.
Medieval Art
• Artists depicted
subjects in an
unrealistic twodimensional style
to indicate the
importance of the
soul over the
body.
Renaissance Art
• Use of oil paints
• 3-D and realism
were the new
techniques of the
Renaissance.
Characteristics of Renaissance
Art
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Three dimensional
Realistic
Lifelike
Influenced by Greco-Roman culture
Renaissance Artists
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Leonardo da Vinci
Michelangelo
Raphael
Donatello
Leonardo da Vinci
• Da Vinci was
considered the
“Renaissance
Man”
• Was a painter,
sculptor,
inventor, and a
scientist.
Renaissance Writers
• Began to use the vernacular
(vernacular = the native language)
instead of classical Latin.
• Machiavelli, who wrote The Prince a
handbook for behavior.
Machiavelli
• Machiavelli was a political philosopher
• The Prince advised kings how to rule.
• In Machiavelli way of thinking, there
are no means in which the end does not
justify (The end justifies the means)
The Renaissance Moves North
• Because of the plague, it was not until 1450
did northern Europe enjoy the economic
growth that helped support the Renaissance
in Italy.
• Northern artists and writers imitated Italian
styles while adding new methods and ideas
of their own.
• As a result of the printing press, books
became more available and people became
more literate.
Humanism in Europe
• Northern Humanists stressed education and
classical learning, however, unlike the
Italian humanists, they emphasized religious
themes.
• They believed that the revival should be
used to bring about religious and moral
reform.
Shakespeare
• The best known Renaissance writer
was William Shakespeare.
• Between 1590 and 1613 he wrote 37
plays that are still preformed around
the world.
The Printing Revolution
• In 1456, Johann Gutenberg printed the bible
using movable metal type on a machine
called a Printing Press.
• Printed books became cheap and easier to
produce than hand copies.
• Now, readers gained access to broad range
of knowledge (Medicine to Religion)
• The printing press would greatly contribute
to the Protestant Reformation.
Your Assignment
• Collaboratively develop an essay that builds
on the following beginning:
– Learning and the arts began to
flourish during the Renaissance.
There were many factors that
contributed to the “rebirth of
Europe.”