Download Homeostasis Test Review

SBI 4UI
Homeostasis Unit Review
Key Terms:
Homeostasis
Internal stress
External stress
Negative Feedback
Positive feedback
Nervous system
Endocrine system
Hormone
Thermoregulation
Buffer
Acidosis
Alkalosis
Non-specific immunity
Specific immunity
Phagocytosis
Macrophages
Lymphocytes (B & T)
Antigen
Major
1.
2.
3.
Antibody
Memory cells
Plasma cells
MHC markers
Graft-vs.-host disease
Vaccination
Nephron
Glomerulus
Bowman’s capsule
Loop of Henle
Proximal convoluted tubule
Distal convoluted tubule
Osmoregulation
ADH
CNS
PNS
Autonomic nervous system
Somatic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
Neuron
Synapse
Resting potential
Threshold
Depolarization
Repolarization
Refractory period
Neurotransmitters
Reflex
Pain
Anesthesia
Stroke
Concussion
Depression
concepts to understand:
List the parts of a feedback loop. Give an example of two feedback loops in the body.
Distinguish between negative and positive feedback loops. Give an example of each type.
Explain how the carbonic acid/bicarbonate buffer system helps to maintain homeostasis in the
body. What happens if there in an excess of CO 2 in the body? An excess of O2?
4. What are the non-specific ways that your immune system deals with invaders?
5. What is the function of the following immune cells: macrophages, Natural killer cells
6. Distinguish between B cells and T cells.
7. How does a vaccine work to protect you from a disease? Does it make your immune system weaker?
Explain.
8. Label the parts of a nephron and kidney on a diagram. Be able to explain the function of each part.
9. Name the substances that do NOT enter Bowman’s capsule. Why don’t they enter?
10. For each substance listed, name the location(s) in the nephron where it is reabsorbed into
circulation and the process that occurs (ex: osmosis, active transport): glucose, H20, Na+, Cl11. How does ADH regulate the amount of water that is reabsorbed into the body?
12. Distinguish between the following sets of terms: CNS/PNS, autonomic/somatic,
sympathetic/parasympathetic
13. Label the parts of a neuron on a diagram. Be able to explain the function of each part.
14. What maintains the resting potential of a neuron?
15. Explain how a neuron sends an electrical signal. Be sure to include the following terms in your
answer: resting potential, threshold, depolarization, repolarization, refractory period.
16. Explain how the signal from a neuron travels across the synapse to a neighboring neuron.
17. Know one key point about each of the neurotransmitters studied (acetylcholine, dopamine, GABA,
serotonin, glutamate, noradrenaline ) (See chart).
18. What is a reflex? Name the parts of a reflex arc.
19. Be able to describe the reflex tests and expected results for the following reflexes: pupillary
reflex, patellar tendon reflex, calcaneal reflex, plantar reflex, uvular reflex, conditioned reflex.
20. Outline the cause, symptoms, treatment and prevention of stroke, concussion, and depression.
21. Label the parts of the eye on a diagram.
22.
23.
24.
25.
What is the function of the rod and cone cells in the retina?
Where are pain signals interpreted in the brain?
Explain the difference between sharp pain and aching pain.
Explain the following pain phenomena: referred pain, phantom limb pain, afferent inhibition (gate
theory), central pain inhibition.
26. What is the difference between local and general anesthesia?
27. How does an Aspirin work to relieve pain?
Textbook Questions: p. 133-135 # 1-12, 17-22, 29-32
p. 164-165 # 1-12
p. 210-211 # 1-21