Download AP Ch 36 Guiding Questions bentley5_tb_ch36

Chapter 36 New Conflagrations: World War II and the Cold War
1. World War II began with what event in Serbia? What were the longer term causes for the
war?
2. The height of Japanese atrocity in China was reached at the Rape of
______________________ (city name).
3. Why were the numerically superior Chinese so easily defeated by the Japanese? Why did the
Chinese resistance efforts fail?
4. Discuss the Rape of Nanjing.
a. What were the wartime goals of the Japanese?
b. Why are these atrocities less well known than those perpetrated by the Germans in
Europe?
5. Who or what was the Guomindang, during World War II, and what or who were they
resisting?
6. The Tripartite Pact brought together what three countries?
7. The Italian fascists used which war as an excuse to intervene and gain valuable military
experience?
8. The weakness of the League of Nations was revealed in its inability to take any substantial
action in response to the Italian invasion of ______________________________ (country).
9. Adolf Hitler always spoke of the “November crime,” which was the
____________________________________________.
10. In 1938, Germany sent troops into what country and forced its leaders to accept the
Anschluss?
11. The high point of appeasement was the ________________________________________
(proper name, two-words)
12. In the wake of the Munich Conference, what leader proposed that the meeting had ensured
“peace in our time”?
13. While the Russian-German Treaty of Nonaggression was on the surface a nonaggression
treaty, it had secret stipulations that spelled out the division of
__________________________ (area).
14. The European part of World War II began with the _____________________(nationality)
invasion of _________________________ (country).
15. What does the German Blitzkrieg refer to?
16. After the fall of France in 1940, the only country left to fight Germany was
________________________.
17. In the Battle of Britain, the Germans hoped to defeat the English through what form of
warfare, by which military group?
18. What was Operation Barbarossa?
19. Hitler’s comment “You only have to kick in the door, and the whole rotten structure will
come down” was a reference to which power (country)?
20. By December 1941, the Soviets gained two new allies in their struggle to defeat the German
invasion of their country: a severe winter and ________________________________
(country).
21. What was the Japanese goal in the bombing of Pearl Harbor?
22. “Asia for Asians” was the slogan of the ____________________________(nationality).
23. The Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere was designed by ___________________
(country).
24. How was industrial capacity the key to the Allied victories in Europe and Asia?
24. How did the Normandy invasion lead to the end of German resistance in Western Europe?
25. The U.S. victory in the Pacific that turned the tide against the Japanese was
_____________________.
26. The U.S. secret weapon in the Pacific campaign was a __________________________
operation known as Magic.
27. In the Battle of Okinawa, the Japanese introduced ______________________ pilots.
28. During the battle of Okinawa, roughly _____________________ (number) Okinawan
civilians dies refusing to surrender.
29. The Japanese finally surrendered in August 1945 after what two events?
30. At the Wannsee Conference, the Nazis put in place the :”______________________”.
31. The largest of the Nazi death camps was _____________________________.
32. a. Who and what were “Comfort women” ?.
b. The majority of the “comfort women” in World War II were from China and
__________________.
33. The German Democratic Republic was formed from what zone of occupation?
34. In the wake of the Berlin blockade and airlift, the U.S., British, and French zones of
occupation in western Germany were ___________________ (verb) to form the
_______________________________________ (name).
35. The Warsaw Pact was formed in response to ________________________ (acronym).
36. An active policy of de-Stalinization was begun in 1956 by ___________________________
(Russian leader).
37. Alexander Dubček’s “Prague Spring” promised
“______________________________________________________” (quoted expression).
38. The “Brezhnev doctrine” reserved the right of the _____________________________
(country) to _________________ (verb) any socialist country that was deemed to be threated
by forces hostile to socialism.
39. The “policy of détente” means what?
40. Japan, Germany, and Italy—known as the ______________ powers—squared off against the
Allied powers ______________, ________________, the ________________________,
________________, and the ________________________________.
41. Benito Mussolini promised to bring glory to Italy through acquisition of territories. What
three countries were acquired through conquest and annexation?
42. In March 1938, Hitler forced ___________________ (German term) with Austria, justifying
the annexation as an attempt to ________________________________________________
into a single homeland.
43. On 1 September 1939, the German military invaded ___________________; the world was
stunned with the German Blitzkrieg and sudden victory.
44. On 7 December 1941, Japanese pilots attacked Pearl Harbor, Hawai`i, with the hope of
destroying American _________________________ (two words) in the Pacific, which would
clear the way for conquest of Southeast Asia for Japan.
45. The Soviet blockade of Berlin (1948-1949) failed to force the British, French, and Americans
to vacate _______________ (city).
46. In 1961 the communists reinforced their ______________________ along the border
between East and West Germany, following the construction of a ________________
dividing the city of Berlin.
47. The Korean War began when the ___________________________ government of North
Korea invaded _____________________________ in June 1950.
48. The Bay of Pigs was an invasion of Cuban nationals trained by the
_____________________________ (country); it was a failure, but it weakened
______________________ (leader) position in Cuba.
49. During the early days of the cold war, what two countries grew closer because leaders of
both nations felt threatened by the United States?
50. Yamaoka Michiko reported that right after the atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, a
friend told her “Miss Yamaoka, you look like a monster!”
a. How devastating was the atomic bomb?
b. Why did the United States drop the bomb?
c. Did they have a choice?
51. When defending the “final solution,” Heinrich Himmler said, “We had the moral right, we
had the duty towards our people, to destroy this people that wanted to destroy us.”
a. What did Himmler mean?
b. Relate this passage to German nationalism. Why did the Germans decide on the “final
solution” to the “Jewish question”?
52. Examine the early German successes in World War II.
a. Why was Hitler so successful? What was Germany’s high point?
b. How close was Hitler to total victory?
c. What were the turning points in World War II?
d. What mistakes did Hitler make?
e. How quickly did the tide turn against Germany? Discuss the end of the war.
53. a. What were the consequences of World War II?
b. How destructive was the war?
c. How was the postwar world shaped by the war?
54. a. What led to the bombing of Pearl Harbor? What were the Japanese goals?
b. What was the height of Japan’s power?
c. What were the turning points?
55. a. Compare and contrast the origins of World War I and World War II. Were there any
similarities?
b. Discuss the nature and size of the conflict.
c. Why has World War II been called the “good war”?
56. Examine the role of women in World War II.
a. In what ways did women on the Allied side contribute to the war effort?
b. Discuss the fate of “comfort women.”
57. Examine the origins of the cold war.
a. What were the essential problems?
b. What events and leaders were crucial in this movement?
58. a. What were the East Asian roots of World War II? What were Japan’s goals?
b. How successful would Japan be in achieving these goals?
c. What were the roots of the antagonism between Japan and the United States?
59. a. What role did the Soviet Union play in the course of World War II and the origins of the
Cold War?
b. Why did the Soviet-American partnership collapse so quickly?
c. What were the main Soviet goals at the end of World War II?
60. One of the old complaints about the origins of World War II is that if only the British and
French hadn’t “appeased” Hitler, then the whole conflict could have been avoided.
a. Is this theory justified? Could the war have been avoided?
61. Examine Map 36.1, High tide of Axis expansion in Europe and North Africa, 1942-1943.
a. How had the Germans reached this point?
b. How close was Hitler to complete victory at this point?
c. What mistakes would he make?
62. Examine Map 36.2, World War II in Asia and the Pacific.
a. When did Japan have its greatest advantage?
b. Why was it necessary to attack the United States?
c. What battles were most important in the Pacific theater of the war?
63. Read the section from Yamaoka Michiko’s account of the dropping of the atomic bomb on
Hiroshima (see Textbook: Sources from the Past: A Hiroshima Maiden’s Tale).
a. What were the reasons behind the decision to drop the bomb?
b. Were there other options?
c. What role would the existence of the atomic bomb play in the cold war?
64.
Discuss the origins of the cold war.
a. What were the fundamental differences between the Soviet Union and the United States?
b. What role did ideology play in the cold war?
c. Examine the contrasting ideologies of the superpowers. A two-column graph would work
great for this.
65. Examine the situations in Korea and Cuba in relation to the cold war competition between
the Soviet Union and the United States. Who, if anyone, was victorious in these
confrontations?
66. Look at the map of occupied Germany on page 1066.
a. Why was Germany divided and occupied?
b. What problems did this division cause?
c. What would be the significance of the Berlin Wall and Berlin airlift?
67. Note the specific steps taken by Italy and Germany in the 1930s that were in direct violation
of the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. Make a flow chart of these steps.
68. What steps did the United States take to support the Allies, both in Asia and in Europe,
before Pearl Harbor?
69. Compare the occupation policies of Germany and Japan during the war.
70. a. What were some of the forms of resistance to occupying forces? How effective were these
efforts?
b. Why was resistance so difficult?
c. How did the war affect civilian populations, families, and women on the home front?
71. Why were the two communist giants, China and the Soviet Union, unable to sustain an
alliance?