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Name: _________________________________________ Date: _________________________ Chapter 13/Section 1.1 Physical Geography Sub-Saharan Africa is divided into four parts with varied geographic features Where is Sub-Saharan Africa? Lies south of the Sahara desert Region extends from Senegal in western Africa to Ethiopia and Somalia in eastern Africa, and southward to the tip of the continent Region also includes Madagascar Africa’s Continental Drift All of the continents once belonged to a supercontinent named Pangaea Movement of Earth’s tectonic plates caused the different continents to drift apart and Africa to become a separate continent Tectonic plates also formed physical features like lakes, basins, and valleys Basin: a region drained by a river system Landforms and Water Sub-Saharan Africa is divided into four parts: west, central, east and south West Africa: Savannas: tropical grasslands Sahel (semiarid grassland that separates the Sahara in the north from the tropical grasslands) Desertification: a gradual transition from fertile to less productive land (desert) caused by climate change and overpopulation Central Africa: Rain forest (Congo Basin) East Africa: Rift Valleys stretch from the Red Sea southward through Mozambique Great plateaus The Kalahari Desert Rift Valleys: deep valleys that formed when Earth’s crust separated and broke apart There are limited water resources and poor sanitation in this region