Download Kalaukoa - U.S. History Study Guide Addition Instead of using the

Kalaukoa - U.S. History Study Guide Addition
Instead of using the questions for Foreign Policy, WWI, Great Migration, 1920’s, Depression & WWII – Study this
information:
Foreign Policy/ Imperialism
Open Door Policy
As European powers divided the trade in Chine into “spheres of influence”, the United States was just beginning to
expand her reach and trade into the orient. The “Open Door Policy” was a declaration by the United States that
called for equal, unrestricted trade with China by all nations.
America’s Foreign Policy in Latin America (Central America & South America)
President Theodore Roosevelt in his Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, in which he reaffirmed a
commitment to non-intervention by Europe, but added that active intervention in Latin America by the United
States was perfectly acceptable, began an era of active US intervention in Latin America. The encouragement of a
Panamanian Revolution, the construction of the Panama Canal, the Nicaraguan banking intervention and other
events, highlight the active role the US was to take in the internal affairs of Latin American nations.
Roosevelt Corollary
President Theodore Roosevelt in his Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, in which he reaffirmed a
commitment to non-intervention by Europe, but added that active intervention in Latin America by the United
States was perfectly acceptable, began an era of active US intervention in Latin America. The encouragement of a
Panamanian Revolution, the construction of the Panama Canal, the Nicaraguan banking intervention and other
events, highlight the active role the US was to take in the internal affairs of Latin American nations.
US argument for overseas colonies (Imperialism)
As the United States looked to mirror the imperialist expansions of the European powers, it looked towards
conquest against Spain and the annexation of territory as means to this expansion. The territories acquired in the
Spanish-American war (Puerto Rico, Guam, the Philippines) as well as the annexation of Hawaii served as sources
of raw materials as well as markets for finished goods. At the same time, the United States was just beginning to
expand her reach and trade into the orient. The “Open Door Policy” was a declaration by the United States that
called for equal, unrestricted trade with China by all nations as a way of gaining access to the Chinese market.
Imperialism
American imperialism is a term referring to the economic, military and cultural influence of the United States on
other countries.
Causes of Imperialism
Economic Motives The Industrial Revolution created an insatiable demand for raw materials and new markets.
Nationalism European nations wanted to demonstrate their power and prestige to the world. Balance of Power
European nations were forced to acquire new colonies to achieve a balance with their neighbors and competitors.
White Man's Burden The Europeans’ sense of superiority made them feel obligated to “civilize the heathen
savages” they encountered.
Yellow Journalism
Newspaper publishers such as Joseph Pulitzer of the New York World and William Randolph Hearst of the New
York Journal competed for readers and sales by sensationalizing events and exaggerating accounts of the news in
what came to be known as the "Yellow Press" of the late 1800's and early 1900's. An example of the yellow
journalists in influencing public opinion can be seen in how the explosion of the USS Maine was depicted and
Spain assumed responsible.
WWI
Reasons to get involved: America entered World War One on April 6th, 1917. Up to that date, America had tried
to keep out of World War One – though she had traded with nations involved in the war – but unrestricted
submarine warfare, introduced by the Germans on January 9th, 1917, was the primary issue that caused Woodrow
Wilson to ask Congress to declare war on Germany on April 2nd. Four days later, America joined World War One
on the side of the Allies. Make the world safe for democracy.
End of the War – US doesn’t sign Treaty of Versailles because American’s didn’t want to get involved in
European wars. American’s did not want to be a part of the League of Nations because they did not want to be
sucked into other countries problems. American’s wanted isolationism – take care of themselves and not be
involved in the larger world problems.
The 1920’s
The changing of traditional values and modern culture
The Read Scare
The Palmer Raids of the twenties and the surrounding ‘red scare’ (fear of Communism) also illustrated the
acceptance of illegal searches, suspension of due process and suppression of rights in the battle against unpopular
political ideals. In this case the ideals were those of Communism. The fear of a communist revolution in the United
States was based upon the events of the Russian Revolution, in which a small-dedicated band of rebels had unified
to topple the Czar. Also, the fact that a stated goal of Communism was a worldwide revolution gave rise to fears
that rebellion may be at work here in the US.
Nativism
In the shaky peacetime economy that followed the Great War in Europe, Americans, especially organized labor,
feared economic competition from immigrants, who willingly worked for low wages. White Protestants resented
the flood of Catholics and Jews from southern and eastern Europe into the United States. Prohibitionists
condemned the drinking habits of most immigrants. Many Americans distrusted foreigners in general, perceiving
them as stereotypical anarchists bent on importing communism and destroying Americans' freedom. Although the
United States already restricted Asian immigration, it had always had an open-door policy in regard to the
European immigrants. In the 1920s, Americans' anxieties about foreigners resulted in the first Europeanimmigration laws, designed to keep potential troublemakers out of the country.
Stock Market Crash
Excessive speculation, buying on margin and get rich quick mentality.
The Depression & New Deal
Causes of the Depression
During the “roaring twenties” many people bought new consumer good such as cars and washing machines on
credit. Many also invested in the growing US stock market with borrowed money (stocks bough “on margin”).
This increased debt, combined with a lack of oversight by any government agencies, was a contributing factor to
the great depression.
New Deal Programs
During the election of 1932, FDR offered “a New Deal for the American people”. FDR’s New Deal involved
social programs to aid the unemployed, elderly, farmers and businesses. The result was a massive shift from a
federal government unwilling to directly address the needs of the people to one that created jobs, paid
unemployment benefits and provided social security after retirement.
WWII
At the end of WWI US maintained a policy of neutrality. US passed legislation called the Neutrality Acts to
specifically stay out of the war in Europe. US gets involved when Japan bombs Pearl Harbor. Economic
opportunities increased for women and African Americans although they were discriminated against and when the
war ended they were the first to lose their jobs to the returning soldiers.
Violation of Civil Rights during the war – Japanese internment
Use the information from the Study Guide for Jim Crow, Industrialization, End of WWII, Cold War & Civil Rights