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VOLCANOES AND VOLCANIC ACTIVITY Identifying Volcanic Landforms Volcanoes are important features of Earth’s surface geology. For this exercise, you will visit a number of localities around the world where volcanic landforms can be observed. Your task will be to identify the different volcanic landforms in the table below. Fig. 1. Google Earth image of SP Crater, northern Arizona, USA. Enter the geographic coordinates for each feature below in the query bar of Google Earth. Once the feature has been located, zoom in or out to the indicated altitude, then identify the volcanic feature centered in the image. Remember, (+) values are north latitude and east longitude; (-) values are south latitude and west longitude. 1 Use the following terms from the text to complete the following exercise (some will be used more than once): Composite Volcano Caldera (Crater Lake) Lava Dome Shield Volcano Lahar Lava Flows Cinder Cone Pyroclastic Flow Volcanic Crater LATITUDE (deg) LONGITUDE (deg) ALTITUDE (km) LANDFORM A 35.366673 138.733347 20.0 Composite volcano B 19.540564 -155.534218 170.0 Shield volcano C 13.355781 40.401039 12.0 Shield volcano D 35.345654 -111.375522 9 Cinder Cone Use Tilt Bar to view horizontally. In new window, look up “SP Crater” in Wikipedia for volcano type. E 14.916362 -24.375447 28.5 Composite Volcano Click on Wikipedia button to identify F 35.363923 -111.375522 9 Lava Flow G -0.378905 -91.514776 32 Shield Volcano Click grey box & Wikipedia box for description H 50.855056 155.558648 18 Click grey box, scroll down wikipedia article, click ‘full article’ to 2 Composite Volcano find volcano type I 46.199442 -122.188722 5.0 Lava Dome, Composite Volcano open Wikipedia box for details J 46.153338 -122.094025 16 Pyroclastic Flow K 42.93680 -122.104928 18.2 Caldera (crater lake L 41.396334 -122.19003 19.0 Composite volcano open wikipedia box for details M -3.064728 37.358316 4.75 N 14.986742 120.222811 12 Lahar O 13.254101 123.685199 15 Composite volcano P -7.951140 112.951327 4.75 3 Volcanic crater Caldera ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS: 1. Type in coordinates for “M”, zoom out to approximately 43 km altitiude – click on grey dot shown and list the following information from the Wikipedia Window: Volcano Name:_____Mt. Shasta_____________ Type of Volcano:____Stratovolcano________________________ Location:________California Cascades________ 2. What type of volcanic rocks would you expect to be erupted from ‘B’ above? Basalt 3. Find feature “J” using coordinates in Google Earth. Use the ‘Measure’ tool to estimate the diameter of the feature in ‘J’. What is the diameter of this feature (measure at widest point)? 9-10km 4. The feature in ‘J’ is approximately circular. Using the ‘measure’ tool and ‘path’ feature, measure the distance around it in km. What is the distance? 28km 5. Use the ‘Measure’ tool in Google Earth to determine the distance from the feature in ‘K’ and the summit of its parent volcano. How far is it (zoom out to show this feature fully)? Ca 30km 6. Use the ‘Measure’ tool in Google Earth to determine the distance from the feature in ‘O’ and the summit of its parent volcano. How far is it? Ca 20km 7. Use the ‘Measure’ tool to determine the length and width of the feature in ‘Q’. ca 85 x 27km 8. Using Wikipedia, look up a composite volcano (stratovolcano) not featured above. Click on example, and look up the coordinates for it at the top of the page. Click on the coordinates. At web page shown, scroll down the page to find “Google Earth” highlighted, and click on ‘locate’. Mt. St. Helens Washington List the coordinates:___________________________________ Volcano name:_______________________________________ Location and brief description:______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 9. Using Wikipedia, look up a shield volcano not featured above. Click on example, and look up the coordinates for it at the top of the page. Click on the coordinates. At web 4 page shown, scroll down the page to find “Google Earth” highlighted, and click on ‘locate’. Kilauea, Hawaiian Islands List the coordinates:___________________________________ Volcano name:_______________________________________ Location and brief description:______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ LINKS TO RELATED SITES: Wikipedia entry on shield volcanoes: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shield_volcano Wikipedia entry on composite volcanoes: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composite_volcano Wikipedia entry on lava flows: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava_flow Wikipedia entry on calderas: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caldera Wikipedia entry on pyroclastic flows: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyroclastic_flow Wikipedia entry on lahars: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahar Wikipedia entry on cinder cones: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinder_cone 5