Download Chapter 1 (P11)

Fundamentals of Imaging Science
“Seeing The Light” Homework Solutions
Chapter 1 (P11): Wavelength is 3.5cm
Chapter 1 (P12)
Chapter 1 (P13)
Fundamentals of Imaging Science
“Seeing The Light” Homework Solutions (Page 2)
Chapter 1 (PM2)
3.75 x 108 m
Chapter 2 (P11)
“WOW”, “MOM”, “TOT”, “TOOT”, “MAY”………………..
Chapter 2 (PH17)
BEFORE
AFTER
Fundamentals of Imaging Science
“Seeing The Light” Homework Solutions (Page 3)
Chapter 12 (P1)
(a) constructive (b) destructive (c) destructive (d) constructive
Chapter 13 (P7)
The man and the bread he is initially carrying represents incoming
light (nonpolarized). The fence he is approaching represents a
polarizer (or polarizing filter). With a polarizer, only parallel
waves travel through therefore the fence acts like a polarizer and
only lets in the incoming material that can fit through.
Chapter 13 (P8)
(a) Polarizing glasses only allow parallel light waves to pass
through thus reducing the glare.
(b) Regardless of the source for the incoming light, polarizing
glasses only allow parallel light waves to pass through.
Chapter 13 (P9)
People who fish use polarizing sunglasses to reduce the glare from
scattered sunlight reflecting off the water surface.
Chapter 15 (P4)
(a) 4 photons reflected, 96 photons transmitted
(b) 0 photons reflected, 0 photons transmitted (Quantum Theory
states that electromagnetic waves carry energy in discrete,
whole number units called photons. You cannot have a partial
photon)
Chapter 5 (P1)
1. Both camera and eye are light tight boxes.
2. Camera and eye have lens systems that produce real images.
3. Diaphragm and aperture of camera corresponds to the iris and
pupil of the eye.
4. The lens cover of a camera is like the eyelid of an eye.
5. The lens cloth of a camera is like the tear fluid in the eye.
6. The film of a camera is like the retina of the eye.
Chapter 5 (P2)
Accomodation is the changing of the focus of the eye as you look
from distant to near objects. This is performed by relaxing or
tensing the cilairy muscles which in turn cause the elastic eyelens
to change shape.
Chapter 5 (P3)
The retina consists of the following layers:
Photoreceptors: the light sensitive layer consisting of rods and
cones which absorb light
Plexiform layer: the nerve cells that process the signals from
photoreceptors and relay them to the optic nerve
Choroid:
nourishes the retina and absorbs light to prevent
reflection back to the rods and cones
Fundamentals of Imaging Science
“Seeing The Light” Homework Solutions (Page 4)
Chapter 5 (P3)continued
Chapter 7 (P1)
Camera film and the retina of an eye are similar in that they
both receive real images. They each contain photosensitive
material along with an antihalation backing. Unlike film,
the retina experiences latency (the receptors take some
time to start responding) and persistence of response (the
receptors keep responding).
It is advantageous for the visual system to process information
from the photoreceptors before it reaches the brain because this
process allows information to be compared and analyzed.
Duplicate information is not sent on therefore making the
information system more efficient.
This system is unlike the processing in photography in that the
photographic process does not include this information filtering.
Chapter 7 (P10)
Lightness Constancy is when all objects appear to maintain their
familiar lightnesses as the lighting changes. This is due to the fact
that the retina responds to the ratio of the light from an object
compared to that from its surroundings, and that ratio stays
constant even though the overall illumination or your state of
adaptation may change.
Chapter 7 (P16)
Eye movements are beneficial because if eyes did not move
(retinal stabilization) the ganglion cells would desensitize and
images would disappear. Also under retinal stabilization, edge
information would not be available leading to image fading.
Chapter 8 (P1)
During accommodation the focal length of the eyelens changes.
Relaxed ciliary muscles indicate a normal eyelens focused on a
distant object. Stressed ciliary muscles indicate an attempt to
focus on a nearby object. Relative distances can be determined by
monitoring the stress applied to the ciliary muscles.
Chapter 8 (P4)
Left eye sees view (b)
Chapter 10 (P2)
(a) 650nm
(b) 500nm and 600nm
(c) No spectral complementaries for Martians
Chapter 10 (P5)
(a) Overlap of cone response is necessary to discriminate color.
(b) Too much overlap of cone response curves can make it
difficult to distinguish hues.
Fundamentals of Imaging Science
“Seeing The Light” Homework Solutions (Page 5)
Chapter 10 (P9)
(a) Psychological primaries are the 4 colors that are used to
verbally describe all hues.
(b) Blue, green, yellow, and red
(c) Yellow-blue, and red-green
(d) Unique hues are spectral hues that are described by just one
psychological primary. For example: blue (475nm), green
(500nm), and yellow (580nm)
(e) There is no spectral unique red.
Chapter 10 (P11)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
Chapter 2 (P10)
(a)
(b)
3
2
3
1
3
Fundamentals of Imaging Science
“Seeing The Light” Homework Solutions (Page 6)
Chapter 3 (P6)
Mirror on the left is convex. Mirror on the right is concave.
Chapter 4 (P2)
A simple camera consists of the following:
Light tight box- allowing only desired light to fall onto film
Lens- projects real image onto film
Diaphragm- controls the light intensity
Shutter- controls how long light falls on film
Film- captures the image
Chapter 4 (P4)
Depth of Field is the range of object distances that result in an
acceptable photograph for a given film location. Depth of field can
be controlled in a camera by moving the lens.
Chapter 4 (P6)
(a) If f/5.6 at 1/100 second is recommended, to get the same
amount of light energy reaching the film you can close down the
aperture to f/11 and at the same time increase the exposure time
two steps to 1/25 second.
(b) f/4 at 1/200 second
and f/8 at 1/50 second
Chapter 4 (P11)
Film 1 is faster.
Chapter 4 (PM4)
.5 to 44
Chapter 4 (PM5)
1/2000 at f/2
Chapter 11 (P1)
(a) Three colors are used in color photography because they match
the spectral response of the human eye.
(b) blue, green, and red
(c) Yes, they are the same for additive and for subtractive color
film.
Chapter 9 (P9)
(a) Complementary colors are colors that additively combine to
produce white.
(b) Yellow 580nm and Blue 480nm
Orange 600nm and Blue 488nm
Chapter 9 (P10)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Chapter 9 (P26)
Blue
to 1/7.5 at f/32
487nm
no spectral compliment
493nm
no spectral compliment to green (530nm)