Download Chapter 31 - Mr. Krall

Chapter 31 Worth 30 points
Name ____________________________
1.
Animals are multicellular H_______________________________ without cell walls.
2.
Eumetazoa can be subdivided into two principal branches based on S_________________________.
3.
The animal group, Radiata, are D____________________________, having two embryonic layers.
4.
The E_______________________ of deuterostomes develop quite differently than those of protostomes.
5.
In the animal subkingdom, P________________________, the animals lack symmetry and possess neither
tissues nor organs.
6.
C________________________________________ is a process in which a definite head and brain evolves.
7.
M____________________________ is the embryonic layer found only in bilaterally symmetrical
eumetazoans.
8.
P_________________________________ have a body cavity located between the mesoderm and
endoderm.
9.
In a C_________________________________ circulatory system, circulation of blood is more
controlled—the blood is moved faster and more efficiently than in other types of circulatory systems.
10. Myzostomids have been found to be associated with E______________________ since the Ordovician.
11. Current molecular analysis shows that protostomes should be grouped into ____ clades.
12. Nearly all major animal body plans can be seen in C______________________ aged rocks.
13. “Evo-Devo” is a synthesis of evolutionary and developmental biology, studying the expression of
H____________ genes in developing animal embryos.
14. _______ The evolution of a coelom allows for
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
bilateral symmetry to develop
cephalization to occur
the development of a larger and longer digestive tract
the expansion of gonads
c and d
15. _______ Which of the following features in embryonic development of deuterostomes does not represent a
revolutionary difference from protostomes?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
pattern of blastopore formation
radial cleavage pattern for cell division
spiral cleavage pattern for cell division
the first cleavage divisions of the fertilized embryo produce identical daughter cells, and any single
cell, if separated can develop into a complete organism
the coelom is normally produced by an invagination of the archenteron
16. _______ Of the following combination of statements about protostomes and deuterostomes, which choice
is correct?
A. Protostomes are animals in which the mouth develops from the blastopore. The anus or anal pore of
protostomes develops from the second opening. Deuterostomes are animals in which the anus
develops from the blastopore and the mouth develops secondarily later in their development.
B. Protostomes are animals in which the anus develops from the blastopore. The mouth of protostomes
develops from the second opening. Deuterostomes are animals in which the anus develops from the
blastopore and the mouth develops secondarily later in their development.
C. Protostomes are animals in which the mouth develops from the blastopore. The anus or anal pore of
protostomes develops from the second opening. Deuterostomes are animals in which the mouth
develops from the blastopore and the anus develops secondarily later in their development.
D. Protostomes are animals in which the mouth or anus develops from the blastopore, depending on the
species. Deuterostomes are animals in which the mouth and anus develops from the blastopore,
depending on the species.
17. _______ Select the incorrect statement about deuterostomes from the following choices.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Deuterostomes demonstrate radial cleavage in their embryonic development.
Deuterostomes display indeterminate development.
A deuterostome's coelom is produced by evagination of the archenteron.
Examples of deuterostomes are echinoderms and chordates.
From rRNA studies, it appears that deuterostomes gave rise to protostomes.
18. _______ Protostomes develop through
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
spiral cleavage
radial cleavage
axial cleavage
polar cleavage
protocleavage
19. _______ In animals which display indeterminate development
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
embryonic cells have a predetermined fate
bilateral symmetry cannot develop
early embryonic cells, if separated from the embryo, can develop into complete organisms
embryonic cells show spiral cleavage
the blastopore develops into the mouth
20. _______ A biologist discovered a new animal. Upon studying embryonic development, she observed
radial cleavage with the blastopore developing into an anus. This animal was categorized as a
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
parazoan
radiata
deuterstome
protostome
chordostome
21. _______ In which phylum of marine animals did symmetrical body plans first evolve?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Radiata
Ctenophora
Cnidaria
Echinodermata
both b and c
22. _______ Bilateral symmetry in animals
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
confers anterior and posterior areas to the body
allows for greater efficiency in movement
creates a body design of two mirror images
allows for efficiency in seeking food and mates
all of the above
23. _______ Circulatory systems solved the problem of _____ in animals with coeloms.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
the shorter length of digestive tracts
the barrier to diffusion created by tissue surrounding the gut
living in a terrestrial habitat
complexity of movement
none of the above
24. _______ Solid worms that lack a body cavity are known as
A.
B.
C.
D.
acoelomates
pseudocoelomates
eucoelomates
coelomates
25. _______ Which of the following is not true about animals?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
they constitute millions of species
they are the most abundant living things
they are some of the first organisms on the earth
they are very diverse in nature
they are found in every conceivable habitat
26. _______ Animals are distinct among multicellular organisms because
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
their cells lack rigid cell walls and are flexible
they can move more rapidly and in more complex ways than members in other eukaryotic kingdoms
they develop from a zygote in a characteristic embryonic development
they show great diversity in size, form, and structure
all of the above
27. _______ Eumetazoans are characterized by all of the following except
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
definite shape and symmetry
tissues organized into organs and organ systems
distinct embryonic layers which differentiate into adult tissues
the inclusion of all kinds of sponges
having about 35 phyla
28. _______ Most animals undergo the following patterns of embryonic development
A.
B.
C.
D.
zygote morula blastula gastrula
zygote blastula morula gastrula
zygote gastrula morula blastula
zygote morula gastrula blastopore
29. _______ Which of the following terms is mismatched with its meaning or characteristics?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
diploblastic—ectoderm and mesoderm
triploblastic—ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm
Parazoa—lacks symmetry; no tissues
Eumetazoa—definite symmetry; tissues organized
Vertebrate—animal with backbone
30. _______ Select the correct choice to answer the following question. What are the three animal phyla that
dominate animal life on land?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Cnidaria, Mollusca, Platyhelminthes
Porifera, Arthropoda, Nematoda
Nematoda, Chordata, Cnidaria
Mollusca, Arthropoda, Chordata
Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Arthropoda
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