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STUDY GUIDE
Chapter 19: Blood Chemistry and Immunology
Mrs. Dasalla
1. What type of specimen is required for most blood chemistry tests? Serum
2. The purpose of quality control is to Ensure accurate and valid test results
3. The use of a standard to detect errors caused by laboratory equipment that is not working
properly is known as Calibration
4. The function of glucose in the body is to Provide energy for the body
5. What is the term for glucose that is stored in muscle and liver tissue for later use?
Glycogen
6. What hormone is required for the normal use of glucose in the body? Insulin
7. The following instructions should be relayed to the patient regarding a fasting blood
glucose test? Do not consume food or fluid (except water) for 12 hours before the
test.
8. According to the American Diabetes Association, what is the normal range for a fasting
blood glucose level (in mg/dL)? 70 to 99
9. The following is true regarding a 2-hour postprandial glucose test? A blood specimen is
collected 2 hours after the patient consumes 100 g of glucose.
10. The following is a function of an oral glucose tolerance test: to monitor insulin dosage.
11. All of the following are restrictions that must be followed by the patient during an oral
glucose tolerance test: No food consumption, Minimize activity, No smoking.
12. The following are serious side effects of an oral glucose tolerance test?
Headache
Irrational speech
Fainting
Profuse perspiration
13. What term is used to describe an abnormally low level of glucose in the blood?
Hypoglycemia
14. What is the purpose of SMBG testing?
To maintain good blood glucose control
To delay or prevent long-term complications of diabetes
To test blood glucose when a side effect common to diabetes occurs
To make decisions regarding insulin dosage, meal planning, and physical
activity
15. Prolonged high blood glucose levels can cause the following conditions: Blindness,
Kidney disease, Circulatory problems.
Blindness
Alzheimer’s disease
Kidney disease
Circulatory problems
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16. Before meals, it is recommended that the blood glucose level for a diabetic patient fall
between 80 to 120 mg/dL.
17. The hemoglobin A1c test measures the Average amount of glucose in the blood over a
3-month period
18. The recommended A1c level for an individual with diabetes is Less than 7%.
19. The following are handling and storage requirements for blood glucose reagent test strips:
Store in a cool, dry area.
Store at room temperature.
Store with the cap tightly closed.
20. Control testing should be performed on a glucose meter during all of the following
situations:
Daily before using the meter for the first time
When a new container of strips is opened or if the glucose meter is dropped
21. The following are characteristics of cholesterol?
White, waxy substance
Component of all cell membranes
Used in the production of hormones
Used in the production of bile
22. Most of the cholesterol found in the blood comes from the liver
23. The buildup of fatty deposits on the walls of arteries is known as: atherosclerosis.
24. The primary use of the cholesterol test is to screen for the presence of coronary artery
disease
25. All of the following contain cholesterol:
Whole milk
Liver
Egg yolk
26. Cholesterol is transported in the blood as a complex molecule known as a lipoprotein.
27. The function of LDL is to carry cholesterol to the cells.
28. The following is considered a risk factor for coronary artery disease: HDL cholesterol
level of 25 mg/dL.
29. A total cholesterol reading of 250 is considered high.
30. Patient preparation instructions for a triglyceride test include which of the following? Do
not eat or drink (except for water) for 12 hours before the test.
31. All of the following may result in elevated blood triglyceride levels:
Obesity
Type 2 diabetes
Smoking
32. The BUN test is used to: detect kidney disease
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33. What is the term for a substance that is capable of combining with an antigen? Antibody.
34. The following is a screening test for syphilis? VDRL.
35. The following tests are used to detect a blood incompatibility problem with a mother and
her unborn child? Rh antibody titer
36. What is the name of the microorganism that causes infectious mononucleosis? EpsteinBarr
37. Infectious mononucleosis is transmitted through saliva by direct oral contact.
38. All of the following are symptoms of infectious mononucleosis:
Severe fatigue
Fever
Sore throat
Swollen lymph nodes
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Where are the blood antigens (A, B, Rh) located? On the surface of red blood cells.
Where are the blood antibodies located? In the plasma.
Why is agglutination of blood a threat to life? The clumped red blood cells hemolyze.
In vivo means in the living body.
What blood antigens are present if an individual has type O-positive blood? Rh
What blood antibodies are present if an individual has type B-negative blood? A
What blood antibodies are present if an individual has type AB-negative blood? None.
What is the term for a substance that is being identified or measured in a laboratory test?
Analyte.
47. What results are produced by a high-level control? Results that fall above the reference
range for that test.
48. The following may cause a control to fail to produce expected results?
Outdated testing reagents
Error in technique
Improper storage of testing components
49. What should be done if a control does not perform as expected? Do not perform the
patient testing until the problem is resolved.
50. What is the term for a substance that is being identified or measured in a laboratory test?
Analyte
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