Download rocks - Earth Science

Name______________________________
Rocks PowerPoint Notes
1. A ______________ is defined as a mixture of minerals, mineraloids, glass, or organic matter.
2. List the 4 rock-forming minerals
a.
b.
c.
d.
3. List the 3 types of rocks
a.
b.
c.
4. The ____________ ______________ shows that any rock, whether it be igneous, metamorphic,
or sedimentary, can change into another type of rock depending upon the processes that
change them.
5. List 6 rock-changing processes:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
6. The processes of _______________________, _____________________, _____________________,
and ______________________ form sedimentary rocks.
7. The ______________________ & _____________________ of sediments form sedimentary rocks.
8. __________________________ of rock forms sediments.
9. _______________________ then moves the sediments.
10. Heat and pressure change rocks into _____________________________ rocks.
11. Melting and ________________________ are processes that form igneous rock.
12. ____________________ and ______________________ are melted rock.
13. Magma is less ______________ than the surrounding rock, so it _________________.
14. When magma cools slowly, there are __________________ crystals or mineral grains.
15. When magma cools quickly, mineral grains are ____________________.
16. When igneous rocks are classified by location, they are either ______________________ or
________________________.
17. ________________________ rocks form inside the earth.
18. Crystals in intrusive rocks are large because they cool _____________________.
19. When crystals are large, they are called __________________-grained.
20. Intrusive igneous rocks are only found on the surface of earth if they are pushed up, or
__________________________ & ______________________ expose them.
21. Granite is an _____________________ ____________________ rock.
22. ________________________ rocks are found at Earth’s surface.
23. Crystals in extrusive rocks are small because they cool _______________________.
24. Obsidian is an ________________ igneous rock that looks like ______________ ____________.
25. ________________ is a rock that floats in water because it is less ______________ than water.
26. Pumice has _________________ in it where gas escaped when it cooled.
27. Pumice is used in _____________ __________________ because of its abrasive quality.
28. When igneous rocks are classified by the types of minerals in the magma or lava they are:
a.
b.
c.
29. Basaltic rocks are rich in ____________________ and ____________________________.
30. List the 3 characteristics of basaltic rocks:
a.
b.
c.
31. Granitic rocks are rich in ______________________ and ______________________.
32. Granitic rocks are _______________-colored and lower in ______________________.
33. __________________________ has composition between basaltic and granitic.
34. ______________________ are the most abundant rocks on Earth.
35. The most common extrusive igneous rock is _______________________.
36. Metamorphic rocks form when __________________ & _____________________ are applied to
any kind of rock (even other metamorphic rocks).
37. One type of rock can change into several different rocks depending on the _________________
of heat & pressure applied.
38. Metamorphic rocks are either _____________________ or ________________________.
39. ____________________ rocks are formed when mineral grains are flattened into parallel bands.
40. Examples of foliated metamorphic rocks are ___________________ & __________________.
41. ______________________ forms when heat and pressure are applied to shale.
42. __________________ is used in roofing shingles because it separates easily into layers.
43. _________________________ metamorphic rocks have no banding.
44. _______________________ metamorphic rocks fracture into pieces of ______________ size.
45. List the original rock with the metamorphic rock it will form:
Limestone__________________________
Sandstone__________________________
Shale__________________________
Granite__________________________
46. Sedimentary rocks form from _____________________ or _____________________ of sediments.
47. ______% of the rocks on Earth’s surface are sedimentary.
48. ________________________ is the process that breaks rocks into smaller pieces.
49. ________________________ is the movement of sediments.
50. When small sediments are packed together, the process is called __________________________.
51. When large sediments are glued together, the process is called ___________________________.
52. List sediments in order by sediment size:
Smallest____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
Largest _____________________________
53. Sedimentary rocks form in layers, or ____________________.
54. The ___________________ layers of sedimentary rock are on the _______________________.
55. Sedimentary rocks are classified as:
a.
b.
c.
56. Clastic sedimentary rocks with large sediments are __________________& _________________.
57. Clastic sedimentary rocks with small sediments are __________________& _________________.
58. Chemical sedimentary rocks _______________________ from a solution.
59. Two chemical sedimentary rocks are __________________________ & ______________________.
60. ___________________________ sedimentary rocks formed from once-living things.
61. Examples of organic sedimentary rock are:
1.
2.
3.
4.