Download Review packet attached here for test on Ecology Tuesday

Name:
Period: _________________
Hon. Ecology Test Review Packet
*In order to get points for this packet, it must be turned in before you take your Ecology test.
1. What is ecology? _______________________________________________________________________
2. Define:
a. Population______________________________________________________________________
b. Community_____________________________________________________________________
c. Ecosystem______________________________________________________________________
d. Biosphere______________________________________________________________________
3. What is an abiotic factor? What’s an example of an abiotic factor?
4. What is a biotic factor? What’s an example of a biotic factor?
5. Define a limiting factor and give an example of a limiting factor a specific organism in a population.
6. What is “carrying capacity”? What will affect carrying capacity?
7. A. Identify which graph shows Logistic growth and which shows Exponential Growth:
B. On the logistic growth
population graph, what is the
carrying capacity for that
population?_________ Draw in
a dotted line to show carrying
capacity.
8. Define:
a. Carnivore__________________________________________________________________
b. Herbivore__________________________________________________________________
c. Omnivore__________________________________________________________________
d. Autotroph___________________________________________________________________
e. Heterotroph__________________________________________________________________
9. Define:
a. Producer_________________________________________________________________________
b. Consumer________________________________________________________________________
i. Primary consumer _____________________________________________________________
ii. Secondary consumer ___________________________________________________________
iii. Tertiary consumer______________________________________________________________
iv. Quaternary consumer___________________________________________________________
c. Scavenger________________________________________________________________________
d. Decomposer______________________________________________________________________
e. Trophic Level: ____________________________________________________________________
f. Niche: __________________________________________________________________________
10. What is the energy pyramid? Draw and label one with 3 trophic levels.
11. Why is available energy lost as you go from the producer level to a secondary consumer level? (Where does
that energy go?)
12. How much available energy is lost after each level? ________________
13. Producers create chemical energy using the processes of ________________________________ or
______________________________.
14. ________________________________ are organisms that feed exclusively on photosynthetic producers.
15.
________________________________ are organisms that feed on other consumers.
16. ________________________________ are organisms that can feed on both producers and consumers.
Use the food web below to answer the following questions.
17. List the trophic level(s) owls occupy in this food web:
18. List the trophic level(s) birds occupy in this food web:
19. If the carrots produce 1,000 kcal of energy, how many kcal of energy will reach the fox?
20. Foxes and owls will be much rarer than grasses, grains, and carrots. Why is this?
21. All food webs end with __________________________ returning raw materials back to the producers.
INTERACTIONS WITHIN SPECIES:
Identify the relationships below as mutualism, parasitism, or commensalism
_________________________ 22. Ants protect and herd aphids to drink fluid the aphids release.
_________________________ 23. Many wasp species lay their eggs inside caterpillars.
_________________________ 24. Desert lizards will use burrows abandoned from larger rodents.
_________________________ 25. Barnacles fuse to a whale’s body to allow mobility and access to food.
_________________________ 26. Zebras have keen senses of hearing and smell while ostriches see very
well. Both species are often found near each other when feeding.
_________________________ 27. Protists live inside termites and release the enzyme cellulase. Cellulase
will hydrolyze cellulose sugar.
_________________________ 28. Birds follow marching army ants to gather the insects they stir up in the
leaf litter.
_________________________ 29. Plover birds pick pieces food from a crocodile’s teeth. These particles
could cause infection if left in the crocodile’s mouth.
30. In a meerkat colony, one meerkat will be the sentry watching for danger while the others forage. If the sentry
meerkat sees danger, it will sound an alarm call, warning the others to retreat to their burrows. How does
this cooperative behavior impact the individual meerkat? How does this behavior impact the group?
31. When bees return from gathering nectar, they will perform a “dance” to communicate the
direction and distance to the flowers for the other bees. How does this cooperative behavior impact the
individual bee? How does this behavior impact the group?
ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION
32. Succession: What is the difference between primary succession and secondary succession?
a. When does succession occur?
__________________________________________________________
b. What is a climax community?
___________________________________________________________
c. What is a pioneer species?
______________________________________________________________
33. ___________________ __________________ starts when there are no living elements (soil, seeds, etc.) left
in the ecosystem.
34. ___________________ __________________ starts when the ecosystem has been destroyed, but soil still
exists.
35.
Number the plants below in the order they are most likely to appear through succession:
_______: Bushes
_______: Ferns
________: Trees
________: Moss
Invasive Species
36. A niche is an organism’s role in the environment. This includes what they eat, where they live, when they
reproduce, etc. Two species can have overlapping niches if they share some of these characteristics (though
two species will not have the same exact niche). Give two organisms that have overlapping niches and how
you came to this conclusion.
37. Define an invasive species.
38. The red fox is native to Europe, but was brought to North America by European settlers for hunting. The red
fox lives in burrows on the ground and frequently attacks native animals to take over their dens. Would the
red fox be considered NATIVE, NON-NATIVE (not from that area but fills an unoccupied niche and does
not significantly alter the ecosystem), or INVASIVE? Explain.
39.
Be sure to completely explain why this species is the more likely candidate.