Download 2006 Nov Ans

Nov 2006 O level paper 2
From Passage A:
From paragraph 1:
1.
Write down the word which tells us that the oceans of the world run into each other.
[1]
“interlinked”
2.
What do the words ‘featureless plains’ tell us about the picture we used to have of the ocean
floors?
[1]
They do not have any interesting parts.
3.
Apart from ‘replenishing our reservoirs’, in what other way, according to the passage, is water
necessary for our survival? Answer in your own words. [2]
It facilitates/enables the growing of crops.
From paragraph 2:
4.
Why do you think fishing fleets leave behind ‘shattered communities’ when they move on?
[1]
Those involved in the fishing industry become unemployed. / They have lost their
livelihood.
From paragraph 4:
5.
Explain fully what you understand by the expression ‘from pole to pole’.
[2]
It means from the North to the South Pole, and everywhere all over the world or oceans.
From paragraph 6:
6.
How will remembering the words ‘Take only memories away with you; leave nothing but
footprints behind’ help us to promote the safety of marine life? [1]
This will remind us not to leave behind any litter in the sea, thus not affecting the lives of
marine life through pollution.
From Passage B:
From paragraph 1:
7.
Without using the wording of the passage, explain why Antarctica is an ideal destination for
whales.
[1]
It is a place where the whales are able to find an abundance of food.
2
From paragraph 2:
8.
(a) What does the author mean by ‘the net was welded to the ocean bed’?
[2]
The net was weighed down and pressed tightly [1] to the bottom of the sea. [1]
(b) In your own words, describe the reason why the whale continued to swim south, even
though it was still heavily entangled in the net.
[2]
It was due to the whale’s natural instinct / irresistible urge [1] to head towards its next
feeding ground. [1]
From paragraph 3:
9.
Why did the helicopter pilots have difficulty in finding the whale?
[1]
It was further out in the sea than expected.
10.
Why do you think the rescue mission ‘had suddenly become potentially far more dangerous’?
[2]
Other than the trapped whale, the three additional whales had joined it [1] and may also
attack the rescuers. [1]
From paragraph 5:
11.
(a) Give two reasons why the rescuers felt like ‘car mechanics doing repairs to a lorry while it
was motoring down the road’.
[2]
The whale was moving forward and the rescuers had to keep swimming forward to reach
its head [1], making it very difficult for them, just like car mechanics having to perform
work on a moving lorry. [1]
(b) Why did the whale have to struggle to obtain enough air?
[1]
Its head was kept under water by the weight of its shackles.
From paragraph 6:
12.
Why did the whale not swim away as soon as it was freed?
[1]
The long hours spent trapped in the shroud of rope and chains had weakened the whale
and it needed rest.
From Passage A and Passage B:
13.
Passage A
1. harvesting (line 10) - breeding
2. pervasiveness (line 31) – widespread presence
Passage B
3. harnessing (line 10) – gathering
4. bid (line 11) - attempt / effort
3
5. intently (line 32) – attentively / closely
S/No. Points from passage
Words in bold (or corresponding
paraphrase) must be included to attain
the content mark
Human beings have been responsible
for damaging marine life by ….
1.
over-exploitation of marine creatures
for food and other uses, (L14)
2.
which has caused a considerable
reduction in their numbers. (L15)
3.
Whaling has been known to seriously
reduce most breeds of whale.
(L15-17)
4.
Over-fishing is also seriously
affecting the more mundane marine
life. (L17)
5.
As soon as fish stocks become too
low / are depleted in one sector, the
fishing fleets move on to more
profitable areas. (L18-19)
Next, harmful fishing methods such
as the use of massive drift nets and
‘purse-seine’ nets, (L20-22)
6.
7.
accidentally killed many species
which were caught in the nets.
(L22 & L26)
8.
The banning of these nets remains
beyond the reach of any legislation.
(L24-25)
9.
The pervasiveness of marine litter
from pole to pole is also harmful to
marine life. (L30-31)
10.
Thousands of sea birds die each year
from the effect of oil spills close to
land. (L33)
Paraphrase
Opening of summary
4
S/No. Points from passage
Words in bold (or corresponding
paraphrase) must be included to attain
the content mark
11.
Over half of the world’s population
lives within two hundred kilometers in
coastal areas, where pollution is
concentrated and where most
marine life is found. (L34-37)
12.
Untreated waste from factories and
sewage are two of the many further
hazards. (L37-38)
13.
Moreover, vast numbers of marine
creatures become entangled in
discarded objects. (L39-40)
14.
This reduces their movement (L41)
15.
and results in serious injury and
death by starvation and drowning.
(L41-42)
16.
Furthermore, a great number of
marine creatures which frequently
confuse plastic items with food (L44)
17.
suffer from poisoning and suffocation.
(L44)
Paraphrase
5