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Transcript
6 comic dramatists besides Aristophanes (his is the only extant work)
Commentary on contemporary society, politics, literature, and
Peloponnesian War.
Based on a "happy idea" - a private peace with a warring power or a sex
strike to stop war
Fewer restrictions
COMEDY
Tragedy was not the only product of Athens' flourishing theatre culture; comedy also
thrived. Not only did the Greeks produce many lasting comedies; they also cast the
moulds for many Roman, Elizabethan and modern comedies. The historical development
of comedy was not as well recorded as that of tragedy. Aristotle notes in The Poetics that
before his own time comedy was considered trivial and common -- though when it was
finally recognized as an art form, the orphan suddenly had many fathers: Aristophanes
and Old Comedy
Greek comedy had two periods: Old Comedy, represented by Cratinus and Aristophanes;
and New Comedy, whose main exponent was Menander. Aristophanes theatrical works
were presented at the Athenian festivals. Aristophanes and Cratinus used three actors, a
chorus that sung, danced, and sometimes participated in the dialogue. The Chorus's
address to the audience reveals the author's opinion. In these speeches, he ridicules the
Gods, Athenian institutions, popular and powerful individuals, including Aeschylus,
Sophocles and Euripides. Given the cultivated and scholarly culture of its ruling elite,
Athens invited satire. Aristophanes assumed the task with zeal, aiming his lampoonery at
those who stuck their heads above the crowd: