Download Akerley Biology Final Review

Akerley Laboratory Biology Level 1
Final Review
Day and time: _________________
1. There are 3 parts to the final exam:
A. Essay: This 5 paragraph essay should be typed at home and handed in on the day of the exam. It should
include an introduction, 3 supportive body paragraphs and a conclusion. For the body paragraphs you should
choose 3 Enduring Understandings and find at least 3 pieces of evidence/ information that supports the EU
from different units throughout the entire year. (3 EUs x 3 pieces of evidence= 9 examples in total) See
attached graphic organizers for directions, support resources, and requirements.
B. Common Assessment: 100 multiple choice questions that all biology classes are taking. This is more of
an assessment of how well I taught the material. This covers content from the entire year. Please review all
your field journals, not just the second semester. Please.
C. Specific Assessment: 100 multiple choice questions that I have developed from the content we’ve
covered from the 2nd semester. Those topics and content are indicated on the charts below with an *.
2. Methods and Suggestions for Studying:
a) Scan through all your old field journals and place post it notes on concepts which help to support
Enduring Understandings. This will help you in the development of your essays.
b) After scanning all your field journals, then go back to areas that need a bit more attention or that you
remember you had difficulty with. A suggestion would be to take a different color post it note then your
EU marker, and tag pages of information to come back to with a finer attention to detail.
c) Scan through all the folders on fusion. Just reading the titles of documents may warm your brain up
about stuff you’ve learned this year. Print out resources that you may be missing or want to see.
d) Look at the list of concepts and talk with peers about what activities or assignments we did during this
unit.
e) Go back through your dictionaries, read definitions, and reassess your understanding levels by circling the
appropriate number. You don’t have to write the date, but use a different color pen.
f) Look at old tests, labs, and worksheets.
g) Come to the review session: TIME:___________________; PLACE:______________________
3. Review of Test Taking Tips
a) Make a study schedule: How many days until the test? How much time should I study each day?
b) Begin with a broad overview before smaller details.
c) Never, never, never…..freak out!
d) Take deep breaths. Tell yourself that you were in biology at least partially conscious most of the year!
This is not a life or death test. It most likely will NOT determine if you pass or fail…your work all year
has truly determined that.
e) Check out the test taking tips pamphlet.
a) Introduction to Biology:
Chapter Topic
1
The Science of
Life
2
b) Ecology:
Chapter
18
c)
Biochemistry
Topic
Introduction to
Ecology
19
Populations
20
Communities
21
22
Ecosystems
Humans and the
Environment
The Cell
Chapter
4
Topic
Cell Structure and
Function
5
Homeostasis ad
Cell Transport
6
7
Photosynthesis
Cellular
Respiration
8
Cell
Reproduction
Content
 Characteristics of Life
 Scientific Method
 Microscopes
 Carbon compounds/ organic compounds
 Monomers vs polymers
 Condensation reactions, hydrolysis
 ATP
 Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acid
Content
 Level of organization (Zoom)
 Biotic and abiotic factors
 Acclimation, adaptation
 Niches
 Conformer, regulator, generalists, specialists, migration, dormancy
 Producers vs consumers
 Herbivore, carnivore, omnivore, detritivores/decomposers
 Food chain, food web, 10% rule, trophic levels
 Biogeochemical cycles: carbon, nitrogen, water
 Population density
 Dispersal types
 Emigration, immigration, birth rate, death rate, growth rate
 Exponential vs logistic growth patterns
 Density dependent vs density independent factors
 Human population growth
 Predator and prey relationships
 Adaptations
 Symbiotic relationships
 Succession Types
 Succession Lab
 Biomes
 Biodiversity
Content
 Discovery of the cell
 Cell Theory
 Cell diversity (Shape, size, structure=function)
 Prokaryotes vs eukaryotes
 Cell organelles
 Plant vs animal cells
 Diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion
 Active vs pass transport
 Exocytosis vs endocytosis, phagocytosis vs pinocytosis
 Structure and function of chloroplasts
 Glycolysis
 ATP
 Anaerobic vs aerobic respiration
 Fermentation
 Chromosomes
 Haploid vs diploid
 Autosomes
 Cell cycle: G1, S, G2, M, cytokinesis
 Mitosis (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase)
 Meiosis and development of haploid gamates
d) Genetics and Heredity
Chapter Topic
9
Fundamentals of
Genetics
e)
10
DNA, RNA,
protein synthesis
12
Inheritance
Patterns and
Human Genetics
13
Gene Technology
Bacteria and Viruses*
Chapter Topic
23
Bacteria
24
f)
Viruses
Evolution*
Chapter Topic
14
History of Life
15
Theory of
Evolution
16
Population
Genetics and
Speciation
17
Classification
Content
 Mendel’s Conclusions
 Dominant vs recessive inheritance patterns
 Genotype vs phenotype
 Monohybrids vs dihybrids and testcrosses
 Nucleotides
 Watson, Franklin, and Crick
 Complimentary base pairing
 DNA Replication
 Transcription
 Translation
 Mutations
 Karyotypes
 Pedigrees
 Incomplete vs complete vs co dominance
 Gene therapy
 Recombinant DNA
 Epigenetics
 Genetic Engineering
 GATTACA
Content
 Archaebacteria and Eubacteria
 Cell wall (peptidoglycan)
 Nutrition Requirements (obligate or facultative anaerobes)
 Reproduction
 Antibiotic vs antiseptic
 Characteristics of virus shape and reproduction
 Lytic vs lysogenic
 HIV/AIDS
Content
 Biogenesis vs spontaneous generation
 Redi, Spallanzani, Pasteur, Miller, Urey, Oparin’s Theories
 Formation of earth timeline
 Endosymbiosis
 Darwin vs Lamarck
 Natural Selection vs artificial selection
 Evidence of Evolution
 Homologous vs analogous structures
 Divergent vs convergent evolution; coevolution
 Causes of variation
 Gene pool, allele frequency and Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium
 Sexual Selection
 Types of natural selection: stabilizing, disruptive, and directional
 Speciation: gradualism vs punctuated equilibrium
 KPCOFGS: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
 Binomial nomenclature
 Six kindgoms
g) Protists*
Chapter
25
Topic
Protists
h) Vertebrates/Animal Survey*
Chapter Topic
32
Introduction to
Animals
33
Sponges,
Cnidarians, and
Ctenophores
34
35
Flatworms,
Roundworms,
and Rotifers
Mollusks and
Annelids
36
Arthropods
37
38
39
40
Insects
Echinodermata
and Invertebrate
Chordates
Fish
Amphibians
41
42
43
Reptiles
Birds
Mammals
Content
 Nutrition/Digestion
 Reproduction
 Movement
 Ameoba, Euglena, and Paramecium
 Plant like vs animal like protists
 Protist and humans- in the environment, health, and industry
Content
 Patterns of Symmetry
 Invertebrates vs vertebrates
 Body Plan
 Feeding, Nutrition, Defenses
 Nervous System
 Reproduction
 General Characteristics: filter feeding, nematocytes, bioluminescence
 Hydra
 Platyhelminthes/
 Digestion, Nervous System in Planaria
 Worm invasions (tape worm, hook worm, etc.)
 Gastropods, Bivalves, Cephalopods
 Earthworm nutrition, digestion, excretion, circulatory/cardiovascular
system, nervous system, reproduction
 Characteristics of Arthropods
 Aquatic vs terrestrial crustaceans
 Crayfish digestion, respiration, sensory organs
 Chelicerata, myriapoda, and hexapoda
 Grasshopper respiration, feeding and digestion, and movement
 General characteristics of echinoderms and examples






General characteristics of agnatha, chondricthyes, osteicthyes
General characteristics of amphibians and examples
Feeding, digestion, movement, and reproduction of frogs
General characteristics of reptiles and examples
General characteristics of birds and examples
General characteristics of mammals and examples
i)
Human Biology*
Chapter Topic
45
Skeletal,
Muscular and
Integumentary
Systems
46
Circulatory and
Respiratory
System
47
Immune System
48
Digestive and
Excretory
Systems
Nervous System
and Sense
Organs
Endocrine
Systems
49
50
Content
 4 types of tissue
 3 types of muscle tissue
 Bone structure and development
 Types of Joints
 Muscle Structure and contractions
 Layers of skin, structure of hair and nail
 Function of integumentary system
 Components of blood
 Blood typing
 Structure of heart and flow of blood through it
 Blood vessels: artery, vein, capillary
 Blood Pressure
 Organs involved in respiration
 Diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide in capillaries around alveoli
 Regulation of breathing
 Nonspecific responses: inflammatory response, temperature
 Cell mediated, humoral, primary and secondary immune responses
 Vaccinations
 Organ structure and function in digestive system.
 Urinary System function
 Excretory organs
 Neuron structure
 Central vs peripheral nervous system
 Types of receptors
 Function of endocrine system
 Exocrine glands