Download Imperialism and Resistance in Asia

Name _______________________________
Date ________________________________
Period _______________________________
Imperialism and Resistance in Asia
Objectives
 When we are finished this section, we should be able to:
› Describe how Europeans exerted influence over Asian nations, and how those nations
responded in different ways
European Knowledge of Asia
 European contacts with Asia had taken place over many centuries, but were often interrupted
 ________________________________________ had travelled to China and brought back
stories of riches and a powerful nation
 ________________________________________ was a major transportation system for
Europeans to obtain the goods of Asia
 The growth of Muslim empires like the ____________________________________ disrupted
European trade with the Far East
 Early European explorations were motivated by a desire to __________________ directly with
Asian peoples
Part I - India
 The British would gradually take control in India, and would use its resources for the benefit of
Britain.
East India Company
 The __________________________________________ was a British company that was
formed to trade for the riches of India
› Cotton, silk, indigo, salt peter (essential for gunpowder), and opium
 The Company used British ____________________ and _______________________ power to
take over more and more of India
 They defeated the Mughals, the French, and eventually established military dominance over the
subcontinent
The Sepoy Rebellion
 The Company enlisted Hindu and Muslim ____________________________________ as paid
soldiers to keep order
 The British often tried to impose European customs on the sepoys, such as
_____________________________________ and other customs
 This resentment came to a climax when a rumor that bullet cartridges had been greased with
_____________________ or __________________________ fat started going around the
sepoy ranks
The Sepoy Rebellion, Part 2
 The sepoy rebellion began and spread across northern and central India
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 Atrocities committed by sepoys against English civilians were answered by British retaliation
once the British had triumphed
 Both sides were left with much distrust and bitterness
 Britain dissolved the East India Company and took control of India – ________________
The British Raj
 The British government attempted to strengthen itself in India and also endear itself to the
people
› Built infrastructure – ______________, ____________________, _______________,
______________
 The Indians were often forced to do things for the benefit of the British
› Grow _____________________________________ and other cash crops instead of
food crops – led to _________________________
 In 1885, a group of Indian businessmen and professionals formed the
_____________________________ to move the country toward self-rule
Part II - China
 European nations established spheres of influence over China, and China resisted this.
China’s Complacence and Decline
 When faced with European economic and military power, China had lost much of its ability to
stand up to Europeans
› _____________________________ and other dynasties had been wealthy, and thus
viewed European customs with contempt
› Chinese dynasties has restricted the growth of Chinese
__________________________________
› Qing dynasty had allowed China to weaken internally due to
________________________________, etc.
British Opium Trade
 China had a policy of not trading with Europeans, or restricting that trade to one port
 Britain defied this law and supplied _______________________ along the Chinese coast to
smugglers who then distributed the drug
 When the Chinese attempted to crack down on this trade, the British responded by using
______________________________________ to defeat the Chinese
Increasing Influence
 The resulting _________________________________ gave Great Britain the island of Hong
Kong, plus reparations for war losses
 Further treaties and civil wars continued to weaken the Qing dynasty
 European nations such as ________________ and ___________________ began to claim
spheres of influence in China
 The United States sponsored and executed an __________________________ that would end
spheres of influence and open China to trade from any nation
Chinese Responses
 Chinese responses to European colonialism were mixed between:
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›
__________________________________ – adopt European technology, education, and
customs to become strong
___________________________________ to western influences – strengthen and
reinforce Chinese culture
Chinese Reformers
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Some reformers began to adopt western ___________________ and ________________
The government, however, didn’t support these efforts
Defeat in a war with the ____________________________ exposed Chinese weaknesses
Reformers gained some influence with the government, but some conservative elements were
able to regain power
Boxer Rebellion
 The _____________________________ resulted from one Chinese conservative group known
as the ____________________________________________________
 This group decided to resist foreign influence by going around and attacking
__________________, ________________________, and others of foreign influence
 European powers stepped in and sent a military force to put down this rebellion
 The government ended its support of ___________________________________
Guomindang and Revolution
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
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New elements that wanted to modernize and strengthen China took over
The Chinese government was struggling to hold onto power, and relied on foreign support
___________________________ and others formed a group to make China strong again
The ____________________________________ took power in the 1911 Revolution
› _________________________________ – freedom from foreign control
› _________________________________ – representative government
› _________________________________ – economic well-being of the people
Part III - Japan
 During the course of European imperialism, Japan was able to exert some control over the
events that occurred, and modernized throughout the process.
Japan’s Isolation
 Japan had also cut off trade with the European powers in earlier centuries, and lacked the
technological advancements of European powers
 In 1853, _________________________________________ of the United States arrived and
asked Japan to trade with the U.S.
 Japan’s leadership made treaties with the United States to prevent a war and further problems,
like China experienced
The Meiji
 These treaties, called the “_____________________________________” by the Japanese, led
to unhappiness among the Japanese people
› The samurai overthrew the shogun and pledged allegiance to the emperor – kept much
power for themselves
 These Meiji rulers adopted the phrase, “rich country, strong military.”
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Adopted _____________________________________
Strengthened the ________________________________
Worked to ___________________________
Adopted western education systems
Industrialized Japan
 Japan also desired to industrialize – needed a modern economy to build a modern military
 They avoided taking ________ from any western powers – feared takeover for not paying
 Japan also adopted:
› Modern ___________________________
› Modern ___________________________
› Postal service, telegraph, railroads, modern ports
 By 1914, Japan was a leading industrial nation
Japan’s Power
 Japan was thus on the path to become a world power
› When _______________________________________ revolted against China, Japan
stepped in and gained influence in Korea
› When Japan and ___________________________ came into conflict over Korea and
Manchuria, Japan triumphed over Russia in the war
 The victory of Japan in the ___________________________________ showed European
nations that Japan was a world power, and non-European nations that European nations could
be stood up to
Part IV - Southeast Asia
 Europeans conquered much of the islands and mainlands of Southeast Asia.
Dutch and Spanish
 In the islands of Southeast Asia, the Dutch and Spanish took colonies
› Dutch controlled the Dutch East Indies (modern day _______________________)
 Used slave labor
 Coffee, pepper, cinnamon, sugar, indigo, tea, tin, copper, ebony, teak, etc.
› Spanish controlled the Philippines
 _____________________ and ________________________________
 1896 – Emiliano Aguinaldo helped lead a revolution against the Spanish
 The U.S. aided these rebels in overthrowing the Spanish, then set up a colony
themselves
British and French
 In the southeast Asian mainland, the British and French took colonies
› British expanded out of India into ______________________________
› French slowly conquered Indochina – ______________, _______________, and
________
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