Download Atmosphere/the mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth Altitude

Atmosphere/the mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth
Altitude/the higher this goes, the further away from sea level it is
Density/this is the highest when closest to Earth’s surface
Radiation/the transfer of energy by waves from the sun
Conduction/the transfer of energy by direct contact
Convection/the transfer of energy that allows hot air to rise up
Ultravioletradiation/radiation from the sun that is blocked out by the ozone layer
Infraredradiation/radiation from the sun that is what heats the Earth
Ozone/made up of 3 oxygen molecules
Greenhouseeffect/the process where gases in the atmosphere absorb and emit infrared radiation which results in
an increase in surface temperature
Greenhousegas/carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and water vapor
Airpressure/the force of air molecules pushing on an area. This decreases as you increase in altitude.
Barometer/an instrument used to measure air pressure
Weather/the condition of Earth’s atmosphere at a particular time and place
Wind/the horizontal movement of air caused by differences in air pressure
Globalwind/winds that travel long distances in steady patterns over several weeks
Corioliseffect/what causes global winds to curve
Jetstream/a wind that flows in the upper troposphere from west to east over long distances at great speeds
Monsoon/a wind that changes direction with the seasons
Evaporation/the process when liquid water turns to water vapor
Condensation/the process when water vapor turns into liquid water
Precipitation/any type of liquid or solid water that falls to Earth’s surface
Humidity/the amount of water vapor in the air
Saturation/when rates of evaporation and condensation are equal in the atmosphere
Repativehumidity/the comparison of the amount of water vapor in the air with the maximum amount of water
vapor that can be present in air at that temperature
Dewpoint/the temperature at which air with a given amount of water vapor will reach saturation
Freezingrain/this coats surfaces with ice when rain falls
Sleet/small pellets of ice that form when rain passes through a layer of cold air and freeze before reaching the
ground
Hail/layered lumps or balls of ice that fall from cumulonimbus clouds
Acidrain/rain that has become more acidic than normal because of pollution
Airmass/a large volume of air that has nearly the same temperature and humidity at different locations at the
same altitude
Front/where two different air masses meet
highpressuresystem/brings clear calm weather
Lowpressuresystem/brings very stormy weather
Tropicalstorm/a low-pressure system that starts in the tropics with high winds (but less than 120 km/hr)
Hurricane/a tropical low-pressure system with sustained winds of 120 km/hr or more
Stormsurge/a rapid rise in water level during a hurricane
Blizzard/a blinding snowstorm with high winds and low temperatures
Thunderstorm/a storm with lightning and thunder
Tornado/a violently rotating column of air going from a cloud to the ground
Climate/the characteristic weather conditions in an area over a long period of time
latitude/the distance north or south of the equator
marineclimate/a climate with generally mild temperatures and steady precipitation
continentalclimate/a climate with large temperature differences between seasons
oceancurrent/a mass of moving ocean water that affects climate
season/pattern of temperature changes and weather trends over the course of a year
climatezone/are groups by temperature and precipitation
microclimate/climates of smaller areas within a subclimate
urbanheatisland/the warmer body of air over a city
rainshadow/the dry area on the downwind side of a mountain
iceage/a period of time on Earth were surface temperatures drop significantly and huge ice sheets spread out
beyond the polar regions
elnino/a disturbance of wind patterns and ocean currents in the Pacific Ocean that causes temporary climate
changes