Download Respiration System Study Guide

Respiration System Vocabulary Test Study Guide Test 1
Page 1
1. Alveoli- tiny air sacs at the end of each bronchiole
2. Hemoglobin- a protein substance found in red blood cells which carries oxygen to
the body cells; it also takes some carbon dioxide to the lungs to be exhaled after
internal respiration
3. Bronchial tubes- these tubes pass the air from the trachea on to the lungs
4. Sinuses- these are cavities within the skull bones which give the voice its pleasing
quality
5. Bronchiole- the bronchial tubes divide many times filling each lung with a
network these smaller tubes
6. Epiglottis- this prevents food or water from going into the lungs when we
swallow by closing off the slits at the top of the larynx; the slit is called the glottis
7. Internal respiration- this is the process by which oxygen is combined with food,
resulting in carbon dioxide, water, and energy; energy is the important result
8. Vocal chords- these are stretched tightly across the larynx by small muscles; the
sounds we make are caused by air from the lungs being driven past them as we
speak
9. Trachea- located just below the larynx; it passes air on to the lungs
10. Larynx- another name for the voice box; it is located below the pharynx and on
top of the trachea; because it sticks out when people swallow, it is called the
Adam’s apple
11. Oxidation- combining of oxygen with another substance
12. Cilia- the trachea is lined with these hair-like projections; they clean the
respiratory system by moving dirt upward into the mouth and throat cavity where
it can be swallowed and eliminated from the body
Respiration System Vocabulary Test Study Guide Test 1
Page 2
1. Adenoids and tonsils- masses of lymphatic tissue located at the lower end of the
pharynx; they can cause difficult in swallowing if they become enlarged due to
infection
2. Intercostals- muscles attached to the ribs which aid inhalation by raising the ribs
up and out during inhalation and aid exhalation by dropping the ribs down and in
during exhalation
3. Eustachian tubes- these tubes are located in the pharynx; they connect to the
middle ears and serve to equalize air pressure on both sides of the ear drums
4. Respiration- gaseous exchange between a living organism and its environment
5. Breathing- external respiration
6. Mucus- this is a sticky substance found on the walls of the nasal conchae; it traps
foreign matter that enters the nose
7. Nasal chonchae- inner walls of the nasal cavity; they are made up of three ridges
of bones that are covered with a layer of mucus heavily supplied with blood
8. Exhalation- process of air leaving the lungs
9. Diaphragm- muscles which form the floor of the chest cavity; it contracts to aid
inhalation and relaxes to aid exhalation
10. Medulla Oblongata- this is the part of the brain that controls breathing; it reacts to
the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood as it speeds up or slows down the rate
of breathing
11. Pharynx- another name for the throat; it passes air from the nasal cavity to the
trachea
12. Inhalation- breathing of air into the lungs
Respiratory System Notes Test 2
1. Vocal chords are vibrating structures that give you your voice.
2. Trachea is another name for the wind pipe.
3. Capillaries are tiny blood vessels covering the surface of the air sacs.
4. Respiration takes place in all living cells.
5. Alveoli are grape-like clusters in which the gasses are actually exchanged when a
person breathes.
6. Larynx is another name for the voice box.
7. Lungs are two balloon-shaped structures which hang in the chest cavity.
8. Epiglottis is a valve which shuts off the windpipe when you swallow.
9. Diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle which causes the lungs to inflate.
10. Bronchioles are the small tubes found in the lungs.
11. When a person exhales, the epiglottis is open.
12. Cilia move dirt particles away from the lungs.
13. The bronchi connect the trachea to the lungs.
14. Alveoli are found at the ends of the bronchioles.
15. The trachea is kept open due to rings of cartilage.
16. Air spaces in the bones of your head are called sinuses.
17. Breathing is usually involuntary.
18. Energy is needed to carry on all bodily functions.
19. The nose moistens, filters, and warms the air we breathe.
20. The percentage of carbon dioxide is greatest in exhaled air.