(001) and (110) Elèctrodes La Ca
... materials. Making use of these newly appearing oxides and of the techniques required to multilayer deposition and lithography, new devices have been designed and fabricated. Nevertheless, the functional properties of these devices, as well as those of the bare oxide films, appear to be highly sensit ...
... materials. Making use of these newly appearing oxides and of the techniques required to multilayer deposition and lithography, new devices have been designed and fabricated. Nevertheless, the functional properties of these devices, as well as those of the bare oxide films, appear to be highly sensit ...
Spin in fractional quantum Hall systems
... states have the same energy. Now, the effect of interelectronic interactions cannot be investigated by perturbation theory, as there is no single ground state to start with or, in other words, there is no small parameter in which we could expand the perturbation series: since energy spacing between ...
... states have the same energy. Now, the effect of interelectronic interactions cannot be investigated by perturbation theory, as there is no single ground state to start with or, in other words, there is no small parameter in which we could expand the perturbation series: since energy spacing between ...
- University of Glasgow
... This thesis is submitted in accordancewith the regulations for the degreeof Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Glasgow. It is the record of research carried out at the University of Glasgow between October 2001 and May 2005. No part of it has been submitted by me for a degree at any other uni ...
... This thesis is submitted in accordancewith the regulations for the degreeof Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Glasgow. It is the record of research carried out at the University of Glasgow between October 2001 and May 2005. No part of it has been submitted by me for a degree at any other uni ...
Electromagnetic Theory Objective Type Questions
... 23. "The total electric flux through any closed surface surrounding charges is equal to the amount oflcharge enclosed". The above statement is associated with (a) Coulomb's square law (b) Gauss's law (c) Maxwell's first law (d) Maxwell's second law ...
... 23. "The total electric flux through any closed surface surrounding charges is equal to the amount oflcharge enclosed". The above statement is associated with (a) Coulomb's square law (b) Gauss's law (c) Maxwell's first law (d) Maxwell's second law ...
URL - StealthSkater
... interior and boundary supra currents are different with interior Cooper pairs being BCS type. These 2 superconducting phases compete in certain narrow interval around critical temperature for which body temperature of endotherms is a good candidate in the case of living matter. Also, high Tc superfl ...
... interior and boundary supra currents are different with interior Cooper pairs being BCS type. These 2 superconducting phases compete in certain narrow interval around critical temperature for which body temperature of endotherms is a good candidate in the case of living matter. Also, high Tc superfl ...
Semiconductor Physics Sectional Programme Overview
... mid-infrared (MIR) QCLs, THz QCLs remain difficult to fabricate. The tolerances in alloy composition, layer thickness, and doping are lower for THz QCLs than their MIR counterparts. Processing of GaAs QC lasers at THz frequencies isin spite of the relaxed dimensions, still a demanding task. This is ...
... mid-infrared (MIR) QCLs, THz QCLs remain difficult to fabricate. The tolerances in alloy composition, layer thickness, and doping are lower for THz QCLs than their MIR counterparts. Processing of GaAs QC lasers at THz frequencies isin spite of the relaxed dimensions, still a demanding task. This is ...
circular polarization
... If light is composed of two plane waves of equal amplitude but differing in phase by 90°, then the light is said to be circularly polarized. The tip of the electric field vector would appear to be moving in a circle as it approached you. If while looking at the source, the electric vector of the lig ...
... If light is composed of two plane waves of equal amplitude but differing in phase by 90°, then the light is said to be circularly polarized. The tip of the electric field vector would appear to be moving in a circle as it approached you. If while looking at the source, the electric vector of the lig ...
Superconductivity
Superconductivity is a phenomenon of exactly zero electrical resistance and expulsion of magnetic fields occurring in certain materials when cooled below a characteristic critical temperature. It was discovered by Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes on April 8, 1911 in Leiden. Like ferromagnetism and atomic spectral lines, superconductivity is a quantum mechanical phenomenon. It is characterized by the Meissner effect, the complete ejection of magnetic field lines from the interior of the superconductor as it transitions into the superconducting state. The occurrence of the Meissner effect indicates that superconductivity cannot be understood simply as the idealization of perfect conductivity in classical physics.The electrical resistivity of a metallic conductor decreases gradually as temperature is lowered. In ordinary conductors, such as copper or silver, this decrease is limited by impurities and other defects. Even near absolute zero, a real sample of a normal conductor shows some resistance. In a superconductor, the resistance drops abruptly to zero when the material is cooled below its critical temperature. An electric current flowing through a loop of superconducting wire can persist indefinitely with no power source.In 1986, it was discovered that some cuprate-perovskite ceramic materials have a critical temperature above 90 K (−183 °C). Such a high transition temperature is theoretically impossible for a conventional superconductor, leading the materials to be termed high-temperature superconductors. Liquid nitrogen boils at 77 K, and superconduction at higher temperatures than this facilitates many experiments and applications that are less practical at lower temperatures.