Tinnitus: Causes and Treatment
... accounting for as many as 80% of patients [8, 47]. When the noise is made better or worse by changes in bodily posture, or arm or neck movements, the patient has "somatic tinnitus." Somatic tinnitus is usually unilateral. In its earliest stages, it may be caused by hearing trauma, an injury, or a mu ...
... accounting for as many as 80% of patients [8, 47]. When the noise is made better or worse by changes in bodily posture, or arm or neck movements, the patient has "somatic tinnitus." Somatic tinnitus is usually unilateral. In its earliest stages, it may be caused by hearing trauma, an injury, or a mu ...
Vestibular Migraine May 2013
... vestibular nerve after a “clicking” sound is presented to the ipsilateral ear. If the above tests do not lead ...
... vestibular nerve after a “clicking” sound is presented to the ipsilateral ear. If the above tests do not lead ...
Spasticity after stroke: Physiology, assessment and treatment
... involved in motility will lead to the activation of lower motor neurons that permit movement, despite a disturbance of the primary execution pathways, by adapting themselves to the pathological situation. One of these adaptations is increased task-related activation in regions not normally recruited ...
... involved in motility will lead to the activation of lower motor neurons that permit movement, despite a disturbance of the primary execution pathways, by adapting themselves to the pathological situation. One of these adaptations is increased task-related activation in regions not normally recruited ...
Autometallographic Tracing of Bismuth in Human Brain Autopsies
... Autometallography (AMG); Brain; Central Nervous System; Heavy metals. ...
... Autometallography (AMG); Brain; Central Nervous System; Heavy metals. ...
ABSTRACT The Auditory Brainstem Response: History and Future
... Wave IV to the superior olivary nucleus, and Wave V to the lateral lemniscus (Boston & Møller, 1983). Although they are not commonly used clinically, it is thought that Waves VI and VII are attributed to the inferior colliculus (Boston & Møller, 1983). A more recent study connects Wave I with the sp ...
... Wave IV to the superior olivary nucleus, and Wave V to the lateral lemniscus (Boston & Møller, 1983). Although they are not commonly used clinically, it is thought that Waves VI and VII are attributed to the inferior colliculus (Boston & Møller, 1983). A more recent study connects Wave I with the sp ...
Changes in emotion after circumscribed surgical
... ventral `affective division' (which includes the subcallosal region and the part anterior to the corpus callosum, and is referred to in this paper as ACC), and a dorsal `cognitive' division, a view strengthened by the demonstration of reciprocally inhibitory interactions between these two regions. T ...
... ventral `affective division' (which includes the subcallosal region and the part anterior to the corpus callosum, and is referred to in this paper as ACC), and a dorsal `cognitive' division, a view strengthened by the demonstration of reciprocally inhibitory interactions between these two regions. T ...
The Motor System
... neuroanatomical level. • The behavioral level is presented first and depicts a patient’s clinical presentation. • The neuroanatomical level depicts the detailed anatomy of first-order, second-order and third-order neurons. • The neuroanatomical level accounts for the patient’s behavioral presentatio ...
... neuroanatomical level. • The behavioral level is presented first and depicts a patient’s clinical presentation. • The neuroanatomical level depicts the detailed anatomy of first-order, second-order and third-order neurons. • The neuroanatomical level accounts for the patient’s behavioral presentatio ...
Chapter 14 Regulation of Breathing
... with apnea gradually giving way to hyperpneic. Seen with low cardiac output states (CHF) • Creates lag of CSF CO2 behind arterial PaCO2 and results in characteristic cycle ...
... with apnea gradually giving way to hyperpneic. Seen with low cardiac output states (CHF) • Creates lag of CSF CO2 behind arterial PaCO2 and results in characteristic cycle ...
Consciousness. Ch. 11 of Mind
... consciousness can arise from many kinds of events, including death, coma, seizures, concussions, sleep, anesthesia, hypnosis, and fainting. All of these involve cases where a previously conscious person ceases to be conscious. I begin with the most obvious negative circumstance of consciousness: dea ...
... consciousness can arise from many kinds of events, including death, coma, seizures, concussions, sleep, anesthesia, hypnosis, and fainting. All of these involve cases where a previously conscious person ceases to be conscious. I begin with the most obvious negative circumstance of consciousness: dea ...
Deep Brain stimulation in the Treatment of Dystonia – The
... the basal ganglia, an area in the brain governing movement.10-‐11 Historically ablative therapies were used for movement disorders; however, stimulation has superseded this, as it is a non-‐destructive, ...
... the basal ganglia, an area in the brain governing movement.10-‐11 Historically ablative therapies were used for movement disorders; however, stimulation has superseded this, as it is a non-‐destructive, ...
Clinical, electroneuromyographic and morphological studies of pure
... history of skin patch(es). However, PNL can only be diagnosed de®nitively by peripheral nerve biopsy. Excluded from the study were patients with evidence of any skin patches, in®ltration or a history of skin lesion(s) as well as those with other potential cause for nerve damage such as diabetes mell ...
... history of skin patch(es). However, PNL can only be diagnosed de®nitively by peripheral nerve biopsy. Excluded from the study were patients with evidence of any skin patches, in®ltration or a history of skin lesion(s) as well as those with other potential cause for nerve damage such as diabetes mell ...
Spontaneously T1-Hyperintense Lesions of the Brain on MRI: A
... of hematomas is generally seen with amyloid angiopathy, vascular malformations, and aneurysms. Hemorrhagic transformation of cerebral infarcts is usually seen 24 to 48 hours after the initial formation of infarct. It has a common predilection for the basal ganglia (Fig 5) and the cortex, and deep he ...
... of hematomas is generally seen with amyloid angiopathy, vascular malformations, and aneurysms. Hemorrhagic transformation of cerebral infarcts is usually seen 24 to 48 hours after the initial formation of infarct. It has a common predilection for the basal ganglia (Fig 5) and the cortex, and deep he ...
Are cortical spikes conveyed to contralateral
... The CC is a bundle of axons originating from neurons widely distributed but clustered throughout the cortical hemispheres (12). The CC is one of the prominent structures in the brain, and the total number of callosal fibers is estimated at approximately 200 million (13). However, taking into conside ...
... The CC is a bundle of axons originating from neurons widely distributed but clustered throughout the cortical hemispheres (12). The CC is one of the prominent structures in the brain, and the total number of callosal fibers is estimated at approximately 200 million (13). However, taking into conside ...
Isolated Ocular Motor Nerve Palsies
... the diplopia; whether there is any associated ptosis or facial muscle weakness; whether it is constant or intermittent; and whether there are any other localizing symptoms such as involvement of other cranial nerves, limb weakness, ataxia, proptosis, or impairment in visual acuity or color perceptio ...
... the diplopia; whether there is any associated ptosis or facial muscle weakness; whether it is constant or intermittent; and whether there are any other localizing symptoms such as involvement of other cranial nerves, limb weakness, ataxia, proptosis, or impairment in visual acuity or color perceptio ...
Ocular motor nerve palsies
... Abstract: Measurements of the dynamics of the eyes in ocular motor nerve palsies may aid diagnosis, characterize peripheral and central palsies, and reveal adaptive properties of the brain. Saccadic and vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) functions of patients with peripheral and central sixth, and periphe ...
... Abstract: Measurements of the dynamics of the eyes in ocular motor nerve palsies may aid diagnosis, characterize peripheral and central palsies, and reveal adaptive properties of the brain. Saccadic and vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) functions of patients with peripheral and central sixth, and periphe ...
Brainstem
... Cranial nerve function : All cranial nerves except the olfactory (I) and optic (II) nerves emerge from the brainstem. ...
... Cranial nerve function : All cranial nerves except the olfactory (I) and optic (II) nerves emerge from the brainstem. ...
Diagnostic History of Traumatic Axonal Injury in Patients with
... within 2–3 weeks [5,15]. Concussion is not usually associated with visible lesions that can be detected by conventional CT or MRI [5,16-18]. In 1993, the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine defined mild TBI as a traumatically induced physiological disruption of brain function resulting from ...
... within 2–3 weeks [5,15]. Concussion is not usually associated with visible lesions that can be detected by conventional CT or MRI [5,16-18]. In 1993, the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine defined mild TBI as a traumatically induced physiological disruption of brain function resulting from ...
The Neuroanatomical Basis of Understanding Sarcasm and Its
... dominant for both the comprehension and expression of emotion in all modalities (Tucker, Luu, & Pribram, 1995). Although the right hemisphere is clearly implicated in detection of irony and sarcasm, there are indications that the frontal lobes may also be involved in interpretation of sarcastic utte ...
... dominant for both the comprehension and expression of emotion in all modalities (Tucker, Luu, & Pribram, 1995). Although the right hemisphere is clearly implicated in detection of irony and sarcasm, there are indications that the frontal lobes may also be involved in interpretation of sarcastic utte ...
Throwing while looking through prisms
... level 2 m in front of them. Subjects stood, except when postural instability required sitting. The subject's head was unrestrained, and no directions were given about trunk, shoulder, or head/neck posture. A baseline throwing performance was obtained by having the subjects throw balls at the target ...
... level 2 m in front of them. Subjects stood, except when postural instability required sitting. The subject's head was unrestrained, and no directions were given about trunk, shoulder, or head/neck posture. A baseline throwing performance was obtained by having the subjects throw balls at the target ...
HEAD/NECK IV: Cranial Nerves
... IX: Glosso- Sensory to carotid body/sinus pharyngeal Taste to posterior tongue Sensory to ear opening/middle ear Parotid salivary gland X: Vagus ...
... IX: Glosso- Sensory to carotid body/sinus pharyngeal Taste to posterior tongue Sensory to ear opening/middle ear Parotid salivary gland X: Vagus ...
HEAD/NECK IV: Cranial Nerves
... IX: Glosso- Sensory to carotid body/sinus pharyngeal Taste to posterior tongue Sensory to ear opening/middle ear Parotid salivary gland X: Vagus ...
... IX: Glosso- Sensory to carotid body/sinus pharyngeal Taste to posterior tongue Sensory to ear opening/middle ear Parotid salivary gland X: Vagus ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... rspects of the cerebellar vermis C23-271. In some paients with the adult onset of cerebellar ataxia, how-ver, the diagnosis may be difficult, particularly if al:oh01 intake is not extreme and the nutritional history .s equivocal. There are many causes of ataxia of gait md incoordination of leg move ...
... rspects of the cerebellar vermis C23-271. In some paients with the adult onset of cerebellar ataxia, how-ver, the diagnosis may be difficult, particularly if al:oh01 intake is not extreme and the nutritional history .s equivocal. There are many causes of ataxia of gait md incoordination of leg move ...
Reflexes Reaction time
... • presentation of the significant stimulus (unconditioned stimulus) necessarily evokes an innate, unconditional response • if the two are repeatedly paired, eventually the two stimuli become associated and the organism begins to produce a behavioral response to the neutral stimulus. This is called t ...
... • presentation of the significant stimulus (unconditioned stimulus) necessarily evokes an innate, unconditional response • if the two are repeatedly paired, eventually the two stimuli become associated and the organism begins to produce a behavioral response to the neutral stimulus. This is called t ...
Nerve growth factor receptors in dementia - Tubitak Journals
... alzheimers.asp). In addition, it is suggested that the use of the Patient Behavior Triggers for Clinical Staff and family questionnaires would identify many individuals with possible dementia. These measures, however, lack pathological specificity, as some of the criteria might be applicable to othe ...
... alzheimers.asp). In addition, it is suggested that the use of the Patient Behavior Triggers for Clinical Staff and family questionnaires would identify many individuals with possible dementia. These measures, however, lack pathological specificity, as some of the criteria might be applicable to othe ...
Comparison of the effects of acetyl L-carnitine and - Direct-MS
... fatigue. Moreover, amantadine was poorly tolerated: five patients were not able to complete the 3-month treatment phase for side effects in contrast with the results found with ALCAR. This agent was very well tolerated. Only one patient stopped treatment with ALCAR because of the occurrence of insom ...
... fatigue. Moreover, amantadine was poorly tolerated: five patients were not able to complete the 3-month treatment phase for side effects in contrast with the results found with ALCAR. This agent was very well tolerated. Only one patient stopped treatment with ALCAR because of the occurrence of insom ...
Coma
In medicine, coma (from the Greek κῶμα koma, meaning ""deep sleep"") is a state of unconsciousness in which a person: cannot be awakened; fails to respond normally to painful stimuli, light, or sound; lacks a normal wake-sleep cycle; and does not initiate voluntary actions. A person in a state of coma is described as being comatose. Typically, a distinction is made in the medical community between a coma and a medically induced coma, the former is generally understood to be a result of circumstances beyond the control of the medical community, while the latter is generally understood to be a means by which medical professionals may allow a patient's injuries to heal in a controlled environment. A comatose person exhibits a complete absence of wakefulness and is unable to consciously feel, speak, hear, or move. For a patient to maintain consciousness, two important neurological components must function. The first is the cerebral cortex—the gray matter that forms the outer layer of the brain. The other is a structure located in the brainstem, called reticular activating system (RAS).Injury to either or both of these components is sufficient to cause a patient to experience a coma. The cerebral cortex is a group of tight, dense, ""gray matter"" composed of the nuclei of the neurons whose axons then form the ""white matter"", and is responsible for perception, relay of the sensory input (sensation) via the thalamic pathway, and many other neurological functions, including complex thinking.RAS, on the other hand, is a more primitive structure in the brainstem that is tightly in connection with reticular formation (RF). The RAS area of the brain has two tracts, the ascending and descending tract. Made up of a system of acetylcholine-producing neurons, the ascending track, or ascending reticular activating system (ARAS), works to arouse and wake up the brain, from the RF, through the thalamus, and then finally to the cerebral cortex. A failure in ARAS functioning may then lead to a coma.