From autism to ADHD: computational simulations
... depending on whether the brain is doing social or nonsocial tasks. • “Default brain network” involves a large-scale brain network (cingulate cortex, mPFC, lateral PC), shows low activity for goal-related actions; it is active in social and emotional processing, mindwandering, daydreaming. • Activity ...
... depending on whether the brain is doing social or nonsocial tasks. • “Default brain network” involves a large-scale brain network (cingulate cortex, mPFC, lateral PC), shows low activity for goal-related actions; it is active in social and emotional processing, mindwandering, daydreaming. • Activity ...
Brain growth, development and Autism
... can help direct research into potential factors that might put children at risk for ASD and help them identify potential environmental factors that can affect brain development. Children and adolescents with autism have a surplus of synapses in the brain, and this excess is due to a slowdown in a no ...
... can help direct research into potential factors that might put children at risk for ASD and help them identify potential environmental factors that can affect brain development. Children and adolescents with autism have a surplus of synapses in the brain, and this excess is due to a slowdown in a no ...
Assessing Autism spectrum Disorders
... in the schools be conducted by professionals from multiple disciplines. In contrast, there is no such requirement in the private sector. In both the public schools and the private sector, assessments can range in quality (from a diagnosis jotted down on a prescription pad to a thorough interdiscipli ...
... in the schools be conducted by professionals from multiple disciplines. In contrast, there is no such requirement in the private sector. In both the public schools and the private sector, assessments can range in quality (from a diagnosis jotted down on a prescription pad to a thorough interdiscipli ...
Causes of Autism Spectrum Disorder
... Decrease negative behaviors Do not affect learning and academic performance Possible abuse issues Side effects ...
... Decrease negative behaviors Do not affect learning and academic performance Possible abuse issues Side effects ...
Behavior Genetics: Predicting Individual Differences
... Critics of separated twin studies note that such similarities ...
... Critics of separated twin studies note that such similarities ...
Adoption Studies
... Critics of separated twin studies note that such similarities can be found between strangers. Researchers point out that differences between fraternal twins are greater than identical twins. ...
... Critics of separated twin studies note that such similarities can be found between strangers. Researchers point out that differences between fraternal twins are greater than identical twins. ...
Adoption Studies
... Critics of separated twin studies note that such similarities can be found between strangers. Researchers point out that differences between fraternal twins are greater than identical twins. ...
... Critics of separated twin studies note that such similarities can be found between strangers. Researchers point out that differences between fraternal twins are greater than identical twins. ...
139 chapter 10 PPT with captions for visual
... together vs. MZ twins raised apart find that the identical twins raised apart are quite similar to each other, as much as identical twins raised together, suggesting a strong genetic influence on personality. In response, some critics suggest that identical twins may experience more “shared environm ...
... together vs. MZ twins raised apart find that the identical twins raised apart are quite similar to each other, as much as identical twins raised together, suggesting a strong genetic influence on personality. In response, some critics suggest that identical twins may experience more “shared environm ...
Communication Problems in Children with Autism
... a group of NIDCD-funded researchers developed recommendations calling for a standardized approach to evaluating language skills in young children with autism spectrum disorders. The new benchmarks will make it easier, and more accurate, to compare the effectiveness of different intervention strategi ...
... a group of NIDCD-funded researchers developed recommendations calling for a standardized approach to evaluating language skills in young children with autism spectrum disorders. The new benchmarks will make it easier, and more accurate, to compare the effectiveness of different intervention strategi ...
From autism to ADHD: computational simulations
... • Social cognition theories poorly address autism's rigid and repetitive behaviors, while the nonsocial theories have difficulty explaining social impairment and communication difficulties. ...
... • Social cognition theories poorly address autism's rigid and repetitive behaviors, while the nonsocial theories have difficulty explaining social impairment and communication difficulties. ...
Ch04
... The Interactionist Approach • Neither genes nor environment can do it on their own. • Behaviors are not either-or. ...
... The Interactionist Approach • Neither genes nor environment can do it on their own. • Behaviors are not either-or. ...
Quantitative genetics
... Twin studies – Environmental relatedness? • Monochorionic (2/3 MZ), dichorionic (1/3 MZ, all DZ) ...
... Twin studies – Environmental relatedness? • Monochorionic (2/3 MZ), dichorionic (1/3 MZ, all DZ) ...
Human Genetic Disorders
... • A genetic counselor can prepare a family pedigree or record that shows inheritance patterns over several generations. This can help determine the chance of being a carrier for that disorder. • We also have genetic testing now and we can test for the presence of specific genes known to cause geneti ...
... • A genetic counselor can prepare a family pedigree or record that shows inheritance patterns over several generations. This can help determine the chance of being a carrier for that disorder. • We also have genetic testing now and we can test for the presence of specific genes known to cause geneti ...
Where Do Your Genes Comes From? Methods for Studying
... usually only expressed if you inherit TWO of them (one from each parent). ...
... usually only expressed if you inherit TWO of them (one from each parent). ...
February 15, Biological Theories
... • CHILDREN OF ALCOHOLICS RAISED BY NATURAL OR FOSTER PARENTS • FOR MALES, FIND RATES OF ALCOHOLISM AS ADULTS COMPARABLY HIGH FOR CHILDREN OF ALCOHOLICS RAISED BY NATURAL OR FOSTER PARENTS • INDICATES GENETIC INFLUENCES ...
... • CHILDREN OF ALCOHOLICS RAISED BY NATURAL OR FOSTER PARENTS • FOR MALES, FIND RATES OF ALCOHOLISM AS ADULTS COMPARABLY HIGH FOR CHILDREN OF ALCOHOLICS RAISED BY NATURAL OR FOSTER PARENTS • INDICATES GENETIC INFLUENCES ...
REPORT Molecular Cytogenetic Analysis and Resequencing of Contactin Associated Protein-Like 2
... (A) Pedigree of a family with an affected male child with developmental delay. The parents, grandparents, and two older siblings are not affected with a neurodevelopmental disorder. (B) G-banded metaphase chromosomes and ideogram for normal (left) and inverted (right) chromosomes are presented. (C a ...
... (A) Pedigree of a family with an affected male child with developmental delay. The parents, grandparents, and two older siblings are not affected with a neurodevelopmental disorder. (B) G-banded metaphase chromosomes and ideogram for normal (left) and inverted (right) chromosomes are presented. (C a ...
Early Signs of Autism and Assessment in Identification of
... “Autism is of course not truly a culture; it is a developmental disability caused by neurological dysfunction. Autism too, however, affects the ways that individuals eat, dress, work, spend leisure time, understand their world, communicate, etc. Thus, in a sense, autism functions as a culture, in th ...
... “Autism is of course not truly a culture; it is a developmental disability caused by neurological dysfunction. Autism too, however, affects the ways that individuals eat, dress, work, spend leisure time, understand their world, communicate, etc. Thus, in a sense, autism functions as a culture, in th ...
Genetic Diversity of Offspring
... • A dominant gene is one that will produce its observable effects in either the homozygous or heterozygous condition • A recessive gene is one that will only produce its observable effects in the homozygous condition ...
... • A dominant gene is one that will produce its observable effects in either the homozygous or heterozygous condition • A recessive gene is one that will only produce its observable effects in the homozygous condition ...
New genetic tools reveal insights into Huntington`s disease and
... • Neurodevelopmental disorders involving social deficits and communication difficulties, stereotyped or repetitive behaviors and interests, sensory issues, and in some cases, cognitive delays. • Can vary in overall severity and in severity of individual features --- from mild to extreme. • Often ass ...
... • Neurodevelopmental disorders involving social deficits and communication difficulties, stereotyped or repetitive behaviors and interests, sensory issues, and in some cases, cognitive delays. • Can vary in overall severity and in severity of individual features --- from mild to extreme. • Often ass ...
4) Genetics evaluation
... schizophrenia if our biological (real) rather than adopted parents have the disorder • BUT – not 100% concordance rates and not all children with schizophrenia in the family develop the disorder so must be other factors involved ...
... schizophrenia if our biological (real) rather than adopted parents have the disorder • BUT – not 100% concordance rates and not all children with schizophrenia in the family develop the disorder so must be other factors involved ...
The Biological Research
... Other procedures compare adopted children to their biological parents and adoptive parents, finding more similarities between the adopted children and their biological parents. ...
... Other procedures compare adopted children to their biological parents and adoptive parents, finding more similarities between the adopted children and their biological parents. ...
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)
... my own life, I have one major interest in rock music, compulsively looking for new reviews and obsessing over the best quality of sound to listen to them), a slight monotone voice, struggling with proper body distance, and a tendency to use a vocabulary that is of a slightly higher sophistication th ...
... my own life, I have one major interest in rock music, compulsively looking for new reviews and obsessing over the best quality of sound to listen to them), a slight monotone voice, struggling with proper body distance, and a tendency to use a vocabulary that is of a slightly higher sophistication th ...
genetic polymorphisms
... pernicious way that parents can cause neurological problems for their children. Environmental risks, or pathogens, also exist in indirect broader contexts as well. For example, many toxins found in the environment have been shown to affect brain development and behavior. ...
... pernicious way that parents can cause neurological problems for their children. Environmental risks, or pathogens, also exist in indirect broader contexts as well. For example, many toxins found in the environment have been shown to affect brain development and behavior. ...
Heritability of autism
The heritability of autism is the proportion of autism that can be explained by genetic variation; if the heritability of a condition is high, then the condition is considered to be primarily genetic. Autism has a strong genetic basis, although the genetics of autism is complex and it is unclear whether autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is explained more by multigene interactions or by rare mutations with major effects.Early studies of twins estimated the heritability of autism to be more than 90%--meaning that 90% of the differences between autistic and non-autistic individuals was due to genetics. This may be an overestimate: new twin data and models with structural genetic variation are needed. When only one identical twin is autistic, the other often has learning or social disabilities. For adult siblings, the risk of having one or more features of the broader autism phenotype might be as high as 30%, much higher than the risk in controls.Genetic linkage analysis has been inconclusive; many association analyses have had inadequate power. For each autistic individual, mutations in more than one gene may be implicated. Mutations in different sets of genes may be involved in different autistic individuals. There may be significant interactions among mutations in several genes, or between the environment and mutated genes. By identifying genetic markers inherited with autism in family studies, numerous candidate genes have been located, most of which encode proteins involved in neural development and function. However, for most of the candidate genes, the actual mutations that increase the risk for autism have not been identified. Typically, autism cannot be traced to a Mendelian (single-gene) mutation or to single chromosome abnormalities such as fragile X syndrome or 22q13 deletion syndrome.The large number of autistic individuals with unaffected family members may result from copy number variations (CNVs)—spontaneous alterations in the genetic material during meiosis that delete or duplicate genetic material. Sporadic (non-inherited) cases have been examined to identify candidate genetic loci involved in autism. A substantial fraction of autism may be highly heritable but not inherited: that is, the mutation that causes the autism is not present in the parental genome.Although the fraction of autism traceable to a genetic cause may grow to 30–40% as the resolution of array CGH improves, several results in this area have been described incautiously, possibly misleading the public into thinking that a large proportion of autism is caused by CNVs and is detectable via array CGH, or that detecting CNVs is tantamount to a genetic diagnosis. The Autism Genome Project database contains genetic linkage and CNV data that connect autism to genetic loci and suggest that every human chromosome may be involved. It may be that using autism-related subphenotypes instead of the diagnosis of autism per se may be more useful in identifying susceptible loci.