reprint - Charles Brenner Laboratory
... coA for the a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (a-KGDH) complex to form succinyl-coA. In addition, there must be GDP or ADP for the succinyl-coA synthetase reaction to form succinate, and there must be a supply of each citric acid cycle intermediate to keep the cycle running. Fuel oxidation is coupled to ...
... coA for the a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (a-KGDH) complex to form succinyl-coA. In addition, there must be GDP or ADP for the succinyl-coA synthetase reaction to form succinate, and there must be a supply of each citric acid cycle intermediate to keep the cycle running. Fuel oxidation is coupled to ...
Untitled
... Welcome to the Department of Clinical Biochemistry. The aim of this course guide is to provide you with clear description of the course objectives, contents of each topic together with its lectures, tutorials and practicals, which are presented in a sequential manner. Also it states clearly what is ...
... Welcome to the Department of Clinical Biochemistry. The aim of this course guide is to provide you with clear description of the course objectives, contents of each topic together with its lectures, tutorials and practicals, which are presented in a sequential manner. Also it states clearly what is ...
UNC Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
... Breast reconstruction is an option available to most women confronted with the physical changes following mastectomy. While breast reconstruction is considered elective surgery, undergoing breast reconstruction can have profound emotional and practical benefits. It is also important to keep in mind ...
... Breast reconstruction is an option available to most women confronted with the physical changes following mastectomy. While breast reconstruction is considered elective surgery, undergoing breast reconstruction can have profound emotional and practical benefits. It is also important to keep in mind ...
Glucose metabolism in Trypanosoma cruzi
... All of the glycolytic enzymes are encoded by genes identified in the T. cruzi genome project, and in most cases there is also proteomic evidence for their expression (Table 1). Figure 1 summarizes our present knowledge of glycolysis and its connection with the tricarboxylic acid cycle in the parasit ...
... All of the glycolytic enzymes are encoded by genes identified in the T. cruzi genome project, and in most cases there is also proteomic evidence for their expression (Table 1). Figure 1 summarizes our present knowledge of glycolysis and its connection with the tricarboxylic acid cycle in the parasit ...
16 Gluconeogenesis
... Gluconeogenesis and glycolysis are coordinated so that, within a cell, one pathway is relatively inactive while the other is highly active. If both sets of reactions were highly active at the same time, the net result would be the hydrolysis of four nucleoside triphosphates (two ATP molecules plus t ...
... Gluconeogenesis and glycolysis are coordinated so that, within a cell, one pathway is relatively inactive while the other is highly active. If both sets of reactions were highly active at the same time, the net result would be the hydrolysis of four nucleoside triphosphates (two ATP molecules plus t ...
Divergent evolution of the thiolase superfamily and chalcone
... partial sequences, and the remaining sequences were grouped according to taxa. In order to eliminate similar sequences from closely related species, preliminary phylogenetic trees were generated with the sequences belonging to the same class (e.g., Liliopsida) or subclass (e.g., eurosids I) using Ba ...
... partial sequences, and the remaining sequences were grouped according to taxa. In order to eliminate similar sequences from closely related species, preliminary phylogenetic trees were generated with the sequences belonging to the same class (e.g., Liliopsida) or subclass (e.g., eurosids I) using Ba ...
Biomarker Discovery in Diabetic Nephropathy by Targeted Metabolomics
... huge economic burden for the society. Due to an epidemiologic increase of type 2 diabetes, conventional diagnostic markers like creatinine and albumin are not sufficient, since they are only able to identify already existing kidney damage. With targeted metabolomics, the analysis of small molecules ...
... huge economic burden for the society. Due to an epidemiologic increase of type 2 diabetes, conventional diagnostic markers like creatinine and albumin are not sufficient, since they are only able to identify already existing kidney damage. With targeted metabolomics, the analysis of small molecules ...
Endoscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Children
... donor HT allografts. The HT allograft was harvested from a parent. At a minimum 2 years’ follow-up, full International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) knee ligament examination was performed on the children including instrumented testing using the KT-1000 arthrometer. Donors underwent subjective ...
... donor HT allografts. The HT allograft was harvested from a parent. At a minimum 2 years’ follow-up, full International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) knee ligament examination was performed on the children including instrumented testing using the KT-1000 arthrometer. Donors underwent subjective ...
Unraveling Biochemical Pathways Affected by Mitochondrial
... glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate, two intermediates from glucose catabolism, can be used to synthesize nucleotides such as uridine/guanosine/cytidine 5’-mono-, di-, and triphosphates. Another intermediate, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate could be used for the synthesis of complex lipids such ...
... glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate, two intermediates from glucose catabolism, can be used to synthesize nucleotides such as uridine/guanosine/cytidine 5’-mono-, di-, and triphosphates. Another intermediate, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate could be used for the synthesis of complex lipids such ...
MUDPILES and Beyond: Closing the Gap
... MUDPILES and Beyond: Closing the Gap Emergency physicians are familiar with the pneumonic MUDPILES in the evaluation of the patient with high anion gap metabolic acidosis. Challenging cases will be presented to elevate the diagnosis and management of metabolic acidosis and help get your head out of ...
... MUDPILES and Beyond: Closing the Gap Emergency physicians are familiar with the pneumonic MUDPILES in the evaluation of the patient with high anion gap metabolic acidosis. Challenging cases will be presented to elevate the diagnosis and management of metabolic acidosis and help get your head out of ...
G. M. Tielens Hellemond, Fred R. Opperdoes and Aloysius Susanne
... degraded to succinate, and glucose is degraded to acetate, succinate, and alanine. It has been shown that succinate production from glucose occurs predominantly inside the glycosome (8). Furthermore, no difference in excreted end products was detected between wild-type and aconitase knockout procycl ...
... degraded to succinate, and glucose is degraded to acetate, succinate, and alanine. It has been shown that succinate production from glucose occurs predominantly inside the glycosome (8). Furthermore, no difference in excreted end products was detected between wild-type and aconitase knockout procycl ...
Chapter 4 - AP Chemistry with dr hart
... oxidation numbers, although some are positive in certain compounds or ions. Fluorine always has an oxidation number of −1. The other halogens have an oxidation number of −1 when they are negative; they can have positive oxidation numbers, Aqueous however, most notably in oxyanions. Reactions © 200 ...
... oxidation numbers, although some are positive in certain compounds or ions. Fluorine always has an oxidation number of −1. The other halogens have an oxidation number of −1 when they are negative; they can have positive oxidation numbers, Aqueous however, most notably in oxyanions. Reactions © 200 ...
Characteristics of Phenylacrylic Acid Decarboxylase
... conferring cinnamic acid resistance to S. cerevisiae21. PAD1 was cloned into a cinnamic acid-sensitive mutant strain of yeast, restoring cinnamic acid resistance and phenylacrylic acid decarboxylation. However, the product of the pad1 ...
... conferring cinnamic acid resistance to S. cerevisiae21. PAD1 was cloned into a cinnamic acid-sensitive mutant strain of yeast, restoring cinnamic acid resistance and phenylacrylic acid decarboxylation. However, the product of the pad1 ...
The Citric acid cycle
... A defective G-6-P dh confers a selective advantage on individuals living where malaria is endemic. However, only heterozygotic females are resistant to malaria, not males. Plasmodium falciparum can adopt to a cell with decreased levels of phosphopentose products. This enzyme is in the X chromosome ...
... A defective G-6-P dh confers a selective advantage on individuals living where malaria is endemic. However, only heterozygotic females are resistant to malaria, not males. Plasmodium falciparum can adopt to a cell with decreased levels of phosphopentose products. This enzyme is in the X chromosome ...
Lipotoxicity in steatohepatitis occurs despite an increase in
... intermediates, including diacylglycerols (DAGs), ceramides (Cer), and long-chain acylcarnitines (20, 24). These are often considered as products of impaired/incomplete mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and furthermore have the potential to impair insulin signaling and mediate hepatocyte inflammatio ...
... intermediates, including diacylglycerols (DAGs), ceramides (Cer), and long-chain acylcarnitines (20, 24). These are often considered as products of impaired/incomplete mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and furthermore have the potential to impair insulin signaling and mediate hepatocyte inflammatio ...
NIH Public Access
... Financial Disclosures: RJ Johnson and Y Sautin are listed as inventors on patent applications by the University of Florida related to the role of fructose in hypertension and metabolic syndrome. Dr Johnson has also written a book on fructose for the lay public (Rodale Press, ...
... Financial Disclosures: RJ Johnson and Y Sautin are listed as inventors on patent applications by the University of Florida related to the role of fructose in hypertension and metabolic syndrome. Dr Johnson has also written a book on fructose for the lay public (Rodale Press, ...
Fritz Lipmann - Nobel Lecture
... Fig. 3. Acetyl phosphate as acetyl and phosphoryl donor. there towards a general concept of transfer of activated groupings by carrier as the fundamental reaction in biosynthesis8,9. Although in the related manner the appearance of acetyl phosphate as a metabolic intermediary first focussed attentio ...
... Fig. 3. Acetyl phosphate as acetyl and phosphoryl donor. there towards a general concept of transfer of activated groupings by carrier as the fundamental reaction in biosynthesis8,9. Although in the related manner the appearance of acetyl phosphate as a metabolic intermediary first focussed attentio ...
Early bioenergetic evolution
... early evolving systems and early cells stand in the foreground, as do the possible mechanisms of their conversion into harnessable chemical energy for synthetic reactions. With regard to the possible temporal sequence of events, we focus on: (i) alkaline hydrothermal vents as the far-from-equilibriu ...
... early evolving systems and early cells stand in the foreground, as do the possible mechanisms of their conversion into harnessable chemical energy for synthetic reactions. With regard to the possible temporal sequence of events, we focus on: (i) alkaline hydrothermal vents as the far-from-equilibriu ...
Bile-Acid Sequestrants: Glucose-Lowering Mechanisms - HAL
... Even though no difference was found in the size of the total bile acid pool, the contribution of specific bile acid species to the pool was altered in T2D. Thus, the pool of the secondary bile acid DCA was elevated as was the DCA input rate, whereas the CDCA pool decreased [8]. The CA pool was unch ...
... Even though no difference was found in the size of the total bile acid pool, the contribution of specific bile acid species to the pool was altered in T2D. Thus, the pool of the secondary bile acid DCA was elevated as was the DCA input rate, whereas the CDCA pool decreased [8]. The CA pool was unch ...
Enzyme Mechanisms - Weber State University
... • Enzymes catalyze reactions by utilizing the same general reactions as studied in organic ...
... • Enzymes catalyze reactions by utilizing the same general reactions as studied in organic ...
Emerging therapeutic roles for NAD+ metabolism in mitochondrial
... Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a central metabolic cofactor in eukaryotic cells that plays a critical role in regulating cellular metabolism and energy homeostasis. NAD+ in its reduced form (i.e. NADH) serves as the primary electron donor in mitochondrial respiratory chain, which involv ...
... Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a central metabolic cofactor in eukaryotic cells that plays a critical role in regulating cellular metabolism and energy homeostasis. NAD+ in its reduced form (i.e. NADH) serves as the primary electron donor in mitochondrial respiratory chain, which involv ...
text only - Sweet Corn Disease Nursery
... the growth, reproduction, or disease-producing abilities of the pathogen, thus resulting in less severe symptoms. Major genes for resistance, such as Rp, Ht, or Mdm1, can prevent or substantially limit disease development if specific virulence is not present in pathogen populations. Hybrids with maj ...
... the growth, reproduction, or disease-producing abilities of the pathogen, thus resulting in less severe symptoms. Major genes for resistance, such as Rp, Ht, or Mdm1, can prevent or substantially limit disease development if specific virulence is not present in pathogen populations. Hybrids with maj ...
Introduction to Nutrition and Metabolism, Third Edition
... principles of biochemistry, is essential for an understanding of the scientific basis of what we would call a prudent or healthy diet. My aim in the following pages is to explain both the conclusions of the many expert committees that have deliberated on the problems of nutritional requirements, die ...
... principles of biochemistry, is essential for an understanding of the scientific basis of what we would call a prudent or healthy diet. My aim in the following pages is to explain both the conclusions of the many expert committees that have deliberated on the problems of nutritional requirements, die ...
Metabolic network modelling
Metabolic network reconstruction and simulation allows for an in-depth insight into the molecular mechanisms of a particular organism. In particular, these models correlate the genome with molecular physiology. A reconstruction breaks down metabolic pathways (such as glycolysis and the Citric acid cycle) into their respective reactions and enzymes, and analyzes them within the perspective of the entire network. In simplified terms, a reconstruction collects all of the relevant metabolic information of an organism and compiles it in a mathematical model. Validation and analysis of reconstructions can allow identification of key features of metabolism such as growth yield, resource distribution, network robustness, and gene essentiality. This knowledge can then be applied to create novel biotechnology.In general, the process to build a reconstruction is as follows: Draft a reconstruction Refine the model Convert model into a mathematical/computational representation Evaluate and debug model through experimentation↑