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... electron transport chain. b. The difference in pH between the intermembrane space and the cytosol drives the formation of ATP. c. The energy released by the reduction and subsequent oxidation of components of the electron transport chain is transferred as a phosphate to ADP. d. The production of wat ...
... electron transport chain. b. The difference in pH between the intermembrane space and the cytosol drives the formation of ATP. c. The energy released by the reduction and subsequent oxidation of components of the electron transport chain is transferred as a phosphate to ADP. d. The production of wat ...
Stroma
... 6. Label a diagram of a mitochondrion, indicating the following: outer mitochondrial membrane, cristae, mitochondrial matrix. 7. Identify the location where each of the following cell processes occur: Glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle, Electron Transport (oxidative phosphorylation) 8. Name three(3) ways that ...
... 6. Label a diagram of a mitochondrion, indicating the following: outer mitochondrial membrane, cristae, mitochondrial matrix. 7. Identify the location where each of the following cell processes occur: Glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle, Electron Transport (oxidative phosphorylation) 8. Name three(3) ways that ...
Stroma
... Label a diagram of a mitochondrion, indicating the following: outer mitochondrial membrane, cristae, mitochondrial matrix. Name the location where each of the following cell processes occur: Glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle, Electron Transport (oxidative phosphorylation) Name three(3) ways that pyruvate is ...
... Label a diagram of a mitochondrion, indicating the following: outer mitochondrial membrane, cristae, mitochondrial matrix. Name the location where each of the following cell processes occur: Glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle, Electron Transport (oxidative phosphorylation) Name three(3) ways that pyruvate is ...
Bacterial Physiology Lec-8 Catabolism: Tricarboxylic acid cycle
... Catabolism: Tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA ) or Citric acid cycle Kreb’s cycle(TCA) : Acetyle CoA is the substrate of this cycle, it arises from the catabolism of many carbohydrates,lipids and amino acids. It is an energy-rich molecule composed of coenzyme A and acetic acid joined by a high –energy t ...
... Catabolism: Tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA ) or Citric acid cycle Kreb’s cycle(TCA) : Acetyle CoA is the substrate of this cycle, it arises from the catabolism of many carbohydrates,lipids and amino acids. It is an energy-rich molecule composed of coenzyme A and acetic acid joined by a high –energy t ...
AP Biology Chapter 5 Notes
... You are welcome to write your notes in a notebook as well but this sheet will be due in your binders at the end of each unit. Your book research must say something different then the classroom notes unless boxes are merged. ...
... You are welcome to write your notes in a notebook as well but this sheet will be due in your binders at the end of each unit. Your book research must say something different then the classroom notes unless boxes are merged. ...
1 PROBLEM SET 3 TCA cycle 1. To date this quarter you have
... cell cannot make thiamine pyrophosphate, the cofactor for pyruvate dehydrogenase. The inability to oxidize pyruvate produced by glycolysis to acetyl-CoA would lead to accumulation of pyruvate in blood and urine. The most direct test for this deficiency is to feed a diet supplemented with thiamin and ...
... cell cannot make thiamine pyrophosphate, the cofactor for pyruvate dehydrogenase. The inability to oxidize pyruvate produced by glycolysis to acetyl-CoA would lead to accumulation of pyruvate in blood and urine. The most direct test for this deficiency is to feed a diet supplemented with thiamin and ...
Citric Acid Cycle Overview
... carbons replaced by C‐14, some of the labeled carbons later appear in glucose. How is this possible? ...
... carbons replaced by C‐14, some of the labeled carbons later appear in glucose. How is this possible? ...
Citric acid Cycle Remake - Study in Universal Science College
... The two carbon acetyl group generated in PDC reaction enter the CAC, and two molecules of CO2 are released in one cycle. Thus there is complete oxidation of two carbons during one cycle. Although the two carbons which enter the cycle become the part of oxaloacetate; are released as CO2 only in the t ...
... The two carbon acetyl group generated in PDC reaction enter the CAC, and two molecules of CO2 are released in one cycle. Thus there is complete oxidation of two carbons during one cycle. Although the two carbons which enter the cycle become the part of oxaloacetate; are released as CO2 only in the t ...
Cellular Respiration
... 2> Kreb’s cycle: a series of chemical reactions using pyruvic acid to produce ATP and two types of reduced molecules. 3>Electron Transport Chain: the process of extracting ATP from NADH and FADH2 ...
... 2> Kreb’s cycle: a series of chemical reactions using pyruvic acid to produce ATP and two types of reduced molecules. 3>Electron Transport Chain: the process of extracting ATP from NADH and FADH2 ...
Citric Acid Cycle
... Products from One Turn of the Cycle Acetyl-CoA + 3NAD+ + FAD + GDP + Pi + 2 H2O 2CO2 +3NADH + FADH2 + GTP + CoA + 3H+ • One acetyl enters in a form of Acetyl-CoA • Carbon is oxidized to CO2 • Electrons from oxidation are captured on 3 NADH and 1 FADH2 • Production of one GTP (ATP) • One molecule of ...
... Products from One Turn of the Cycle Acetyl-CoA + 3NAD+ + FAD + GDP + Pi + 2 H2O 2CO2 +3NADH + FADH2 + GTP + CoA + 3H+ • One acetyl enters in a form of Acetyl-CoA • Carbon is oxidized to CO2 • Electrons from oxidation are captured on 3 NADH and 1 FADH2 • Production of one GTP (ATP) • One molecule of ...
Practice Exam 3
... Which enzyme catalyzes a reaction in which NADH is produced? _____________________ Which enzyme converts G3P into 1,3 BPG? __________________________ Name two enzyme reactions from glycolysis that operate at G ≈ 0 _______________________ 8. Three reactions in glycolysis operate far from equilibrium ...
... Which enzyme catalyzes a reaction in which NADH is produced? _____________________ Which enzyme converts G3P into 1,3 BPG? __________________________ Name two enzyme reactions from glycolysis that operate at G ≈ 0 _______________________ 8. Three reactions in glycolysis operate far from equilibrium ...
Practice Exam 3 Answers
... 8. Three reactions in glycolysis operate far from equilibrium and are potential sites for major flux control. List the three enzymes and discuss why each enzyme is or is not the RDS of glycolysis. ...
... 8. Three reactions in glycolysis operate far from equilibrium and are potential sites for major flux control. List the three enzymes and discuss why each enzyme is or is not the RDS of glycolysis. ...
L11_lipogenesis
... – Carbon atoms fully oxidised to CO2 – Lots of NADH produced to generate ATP ...
... – Carbon atoms fully oxidised to CO2 – Lots of NADH produced to generate ATP ...
Table S1. - BioMed Central
... Key enzyme of the glycolysis; PFK-1 is inhibited by ATP and citrate (from the citric acid cycle) [127]. Executes the final step of aerobic glycolysis, favors the conversion of pyruvate to lactate; target of new antineoplastic pharmacologic agents ...
... Key enzyme of the glycolysis; PFK-1 is inhibited by ATP and citrate (from the citric acid cycle) [127]. Executes the final step of aerobic glycolysis, favors the conversion of pyruvate to lactate; target of new antineoplastic pharmacologic agents ...
1. What is substrate level phosphorylation (vs. oxidative
... 7. What are the rising concerns related to global warming. 8. Glycolysis requires___________ ATP as an energy input, and yields __________ATP and __________NADH. More importantly, what’s the big deal about generating ATP and NADH? 9. About 35% of the total energy released by glycolysis and respirati ...
... 7. What are the rising concerns related to global warming. 8. Glycolysis requires___________ ATP as an energy input, and yields __________ATP and __________NADH. More importantly, what’s the big deal about generating ATP and NADH? 9. About 35% of the total energy released by glycolysis and respirati ...
Cell Resp. Power Point Brief SV
... Enzymes that remove ________ from substrates and add them to NAD+ or FAD reducing them to _________or ___________. 2) __________________: Transfer _______________ from one molecule to another. (Substrate to ADP) or (ATP to substrate) ...
... Enzymes that remove ________ from substrates and add them to NAD+ or FAD reducing them to _________or ___________. 2) __________________: Transfer _______________ from one molecule to another. (Substrate to ADP) or (ATP to substrate) ...
Chapters 13 and 16
... precursors in amino acid and nucleotide synthesis (example, α-ketoglutarate can be converted into glutamate and then to other amino acids). Oxaloacetate can be converted back to glucose. In addition, there are reactions to supply some of the TCA intermediates (Glu can be converted back to α-ketoglut ...
... precursors in amino acid and nucleotide synthesis (example, α-ketoglutarate can be converted into glutamate and then to other amino acids). Oxaloacetate can be converted back to glucose. In addition, there are reactions to supply some of the TCA intermediates (Glu can be converted back to α-ketoglut ...
link-1 to past exam paper - Personal Webspace for QMUL
... A ____________________________ reaction has a G (the change in freeenergy) that is negative in sign. A reaction of this kind can be used to drive one that is ____________________________ that is coupled to it in a series of reactions. The key molecule most used as the energy currency of biological ...
... A ____________________________ reaction has a G (the change in freeenergy) that is negative in sign. A reaction of this kind can be used to drive one that is ____________________________ that is coupled to it in a series of reactions. The key molecule most used as the energy currency of biological ...
Lecture_10_F11
... Cellular Respiration: the big picture • process in which cells consume O2 and produce CO2 ...
... Cellular Respiration: the big picture • process in which cells consume O2 and produce CO2 ...
Answer Key - Department of Chemistry ::: CALTECH
... acetyl CoA. Briefly explain how glycolysis and the citric acid cycle are linked. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex converts pyruvate into acetyl CoA by the reaction given below: Pyruvate + CoA + NAD+ acetyl CoA + CO2 + NADH + H+ b. (5 points) The citric acid cycle produces only one molecule of AT ...
... acetyl CoA. Briefly explain how glycolysis and the citric acid cycle are linked. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex converts pyruvate into acetyl CoA by the reaction given below: Pyruvate + CoA + NAD+ acetyl CoA + CO2 + NADH + H+ b. (5 points) The citric acid cycle produces only one molecule of AT ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.