Anatomy and Medical Technology
... *Radioisotope- unstable element that emits radiation as it decays. Ex. “Iodine-131” used in thyroid function scans. ...
... *Radioisotope- unstable element that emits radiation as it decays. Ex. “Iodine-131” used in thyroid function scans. ...
Onc62 - Viktor`s Notes for the Neurosurgery Resident
... as it leaves brain stem, fibers are sheathed in oligodendroglia. Within few millimeters of leaving brain stem, however, nerve loses oligodendroglia and becomes ensheathed by Schwann cells. It passes directly across cerebellopontine angle for about 2.0 cm, accompanied by CN8. It consistently enters ...
... as it leaves brain stem, fibers are sheathed in oligodendroglia. Within few millimeters of leaving brain stem, however, nerve loses oligodendroglia and becomes ensheathed by Schwann cells. It passes directly across cerebellopontine angle for about 2.0 cm, accompanied by CN8. It consistently enters ...
Comparative role of CT scan and MR imaging in primary
... There were 4 cases of Ewing’s sarcoma, 5 cases of osteosarcoma, a single case of each – bone lymphoma, malignant haemangioendothelioma, malignant giant cell tumor and chondrosarcoma. The youngest patient was 9 years old and the eldest was 45 years. Maximum patients were in their second and fourth de ...
... There were 4 cases of Ewing’s sarcoma, 5 cases of osteosarcoma, a single case of each – bone lymphoma, malignant haemangioendothelioma, malignant giant cell tumor and chondrosarcoma. The youngest patient was 9 years old and the eldest was 45 years. Maximum patients were in their second and fourth de ...
Decision Making in Lateral Skull Base Surgery
... hearing should be removed through a middle cranial fossa approach. This surgery needs to be done meticulously and with minimal manipulation of the facial nerve during tumor removal. The rate of preservation of hearing and facial nerve are very high in good hands. Although retrosigmoid approach is al ...
... hearing should be removed through a middle cranial fossa approach. This surgery needs to be done meticulously and with minimal manipulation of the facial nerve during tumor removal. The rate of preservation of hearing and facial nerve are very high in good hands. Although retrosigmoid approach is al ...
Primary Small Cell Neuroendocrine Tumor of the
... Axial CT of the neck with contrast demonstrates a large enhancing soft tissue mass at the left cervical region with involvement of the left carotid space and SCM. The mass encases and narrows but does not occlude the carotid artery and jugular vein (green arrows). Vessels from the external carotid a ...
... Axial CT of the neck with contrast demonstrates a large enhancing soft tissue mass at the left cervical region with involvement of the left carotid space and SCM. The mass encases and narrows but does not occlude the carotid artery and jugular vein (green arrows). Vessels from the external carotid a ...
Resection of Bilateral C1 Neurofibromas Using a Unilateral
... The patient's head was then secured in a Mayfield headholder, followed by registration for neuronavigation. After the patient was adequately padded and secured, the ipsilateral shoulder was taped and pulled towards the feet to exaggerate the corridor between the patient's head and shoulder. A hockey ...
... The patient's head was then secured in a Mayfield headholder, followed by registration for neuronavigation. After the patient was adequately padded and secured, the ipsilateral shoulder was taped and pulled towards the feet to exaggerate the corridor between the patient's head and shoulder. A hockey ...
TUMORS OF THE SALIVARY GLANDS
... 20DUCTS WHICH DRAIN INTO THE ANTERIOR FLOOR OF THE MOUTH BARTHOLIN DUCT - COALESCENCE OF SOME OF THESE DUCTS INTO A MORE DEFINED DUCT. BARTHOLIN’S DUCT MAY EMPTY INTO WHARTON’S DUCT. ...
... 20DUCTS WHICH DRAIN INTO THE ANTERIOR FLOOR OF THE MOUTH BARTHOLIN DUCT - COALESCENCE OF SOME OF THESE DUCTS INTO A MORE DEFINED DUCT. BARTHOLIN’S DUCT MAY EMPTY INTO WHARTON’S DUCT. ...
Pediatric Board Review Course Pediatric Hematology/Oncology
... with development of PHT. On follow-up, PHT was significantly associated with an increased risk of death. -Am J Hematol July 2004 -N Engl J Med Feb 2004. ...
... with development of PHT. On follow-up, PHT was significantly associated with an increased risk of death. -Am J Hematol July 2004 -N Engl J Med Feb 2004. ...
Surgery of Skull Base Tumors Extending to the Orbit, Paranasal
... source of growth may be located either inside the skull cavity or on the external base of the skull. As a whole, craniofacial tumors present a very heterogeneous group of diseases, which includes benign, malignant, and pseudotumor neoplasms, with being beyond the classification of CNS tumors by the ...
... source of growth may be located either inside the skull cavity or on the external base of the skull. As a whole, craniofacial tumors present a very heterogeneous group of diseases, which includes benign, malignant, and pseudotumor neoplasms, with being beyond the classification of CNS tumors by the ...
Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans
... Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans (DFSP) is a tumor of the skin. It is a rare type of sarcoma (soft tissue cancer). It comprises fewer than 0.1% of all cancers and 1% of all soft tissue sarcomas. DFSP tumors occur in the dermis layer of the skin (see picture on 3rd page). They are slow growing, and sp ...
... Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans (DFSP) is a tumor of the skin. It is a rare type of sarcoma (soft tissue cancer). It comprises fewer than 0.1% of all cancers and 1% of all soft tissue sarcomas. DFSP tumors occur in the dermis layer of the skin (see picture on 3rd page). They are slow growing, and sp ...
TNM Staging: Prostate - Kentucky Cancer Registry
... prostate gland tissue. The surgeon then runs an electrical current through the cutting loop and cuts off small pieces of the prostate gland in chips or cores DRE – Digital rectal exam performed during clinical workup to search for irregularities in the prostate ...
... prostate gland tissue. The surgeon then runs an electrical current through the cutting loop and cuts off small pieces of the prostate gland in chips or cores DRE – Digital rectal exam performed during clinical workup to search for irregularities in the prostate ...
T2WI - Rackcdn.com
... Well defined mass to diffusely infiltrative Hyper dense on CT Homogenous on MRI: hyper intense on T1WI, hypo intense on T2WI, hyper intense on DWI, homogenously enhanced with contrast media ...
... Well defined mass to diffusely infiltrative Hyper dense on CT Homogenous on MRI: hyper intense on T1WI, hypo intense on T2WI, hyper intense on DWI, homogenously enhanced with contrast media ...
Additional file 1
... Medulloblastomas are traditionally approached by the transvermian route by splitting the inferior vermis. After opening the dura, the arachnoid over the cisterna magna and foramen of Magendie are opened. The tonsils with the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) are retracted to expose the inf ...
... Medulloblastomas are traditionally approached by the transvermian route by splitting the inferior vermis. After opening the dura, the arachnoid over the cisterna magna and foramen of Magendie are opened. The tonsils with the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) are retracted to expose the inf ...
the merican journal of cancer
... The outer layer was formed by a single row of slender and high cylindrical cells, arranged in parallel formation (Fig. 1). Immediately beneath this outer layer, with their axes a t right angles to it, were several rows of flattened cells. The innermost of the epithelial layers exhibited several area ...
... The outer layer was formed by a single row of slender and high cylindrical cells, arranged in parallel formation (Fig. 1). Immediately beneath this outer layer, with their axes a t right angles to it, were several rows of flattened cells. The innermost of the epithelial layers exhibited several area ...
Primary Parapharyngeal Tumors
... invading the skull base. Many surgeons prefer the transcervical-transparotid approach. A standard parotidectomy incision is made and carried into the lateral neck. The main trunk and lower division of the facial nerve are identified. The posterior belly of the digastric and stylohyoid muscle are div ...
... invading the skull base. Many surgeons prefer the transcervical-transparotid approach. A standard parotidectomy incision is made and carried into the lateral neck. The main trunk and lower division of the facial nerve are identified. The posterior belly of the digastric and stylohyoid muscle are div ...
Sickle Cell Disease
... for a clot to form in a sample of blood. • Prothrombin is one of several clotting factors that are produced by the liver. • The PT test evaluates the integrated function of these factors and the body’s ability to produce a clot in a reasonable amount of time. • Because the reagents used to perform t ...
... for a clot to form in a sample of blood. • Prothrombin is one of several clotting factors that are produced by the liver. • The PT test evaluates the integrated function of these factors and the body’s ability to produce a clot in a reasonable amount of time. • Because the reagents used to perform t ...
See p. Op305 - Viktor`s Notes for the Neurosurgery Resident
... MICROADENOMAS confined to sella and larger tumors that, in past, could be approached only by subfrontal craniotomy)! possible for fairly large medial suprasellar extensions, as long as tumor is soft (usual case) and can drop into sella with progressive resection (alternatively: follow postop MRI – ...
... MICROADENOMAS confined to sella and larger tumors that, in past, could be approached only by subfrontal craniotomy)! possible for fairly large medial suprasellar extensions, as long as tumor is soft (usual case) and can drop into sella with progressive resection (alternatively: follow postop MRI – ...
A few inborn errors
... Molecular pathogenesis of VHL “Two hit model” with germline mutation that inactivates one copy of VHL gene in all cells Gene whose normal function is regulate cell growth Disease occurs with loss of expression of the second (normal allele) from either somatic mutation or hypermethylation of i ...
... Molecular pathogenesis of VHL “Two hit model” with germline mutation that inactivates one copy of VHL gene in all cells Gene whose normal function is regulate cell growth Disease occurs with loss of expression of the second (normal allele) from either somatic mutation or hypermethylation of i ...
HEAD , FACIAL BONES, SINUSES, AND ORBITS
... •astrocytomas Astrocytomas are glial cell tumors that are derived from connective tissue cells called astrocytes. These cells can be found anywhere in the brain or spinal cord. Astrocytomas are the most common type of childhood brain tumor. ...
... •astrocytomas Astrocytomas are glial cell tumors that are derived from connective tissue cells called astrocytes. These cells can be found anywhere in the brain or spinal cord. Astrocytomas are the most common type of childhood brain tumor. ...
Neoplasms of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses
... no urinary VMA or HVA bimodal distribution at 20 and 50 locally aggressive rosettes are hallmark Kadish staging local recurrence 50-75% metastasis 20-30% ...
... no urinary VMA or HVA bimodal distribution at 20 and 50 locally aggressive rosettes are hallmark Kadish staging local recurrence 50-75% metastasis 20-30% ...
Vrodené a perinatálne získané ochorenia mozgu
... • Cerebellar ataxia • Later teleangiektasie – conjuctives, skin • Pat.-anat. – degeneration of Purkyne cells and granular cells • Gen ATM also risk of cancer ...
... • Cerebellar ataxia • Later teleangiektasie – conjuctives, skin • Pat.-anat. – degeneration of Purkyne cells and granular cells • Gen ATM also risk of cancer ...
Surgical Technique Major surgical approaches to the posterior third
... transtentorial approach adopted in prone position with the table tilted about 2030º toward the side of approach to permit a gravity-dependent spontaneous retraction of the right parieto-occipital lobe facilitating the approach through the posterior interhemispheric corridor that is usually devoid of ...
... transtentorial approach adopted in prone position with the table tilted about 2030º toward the side of approach to permit a gravity-dependent spontaneous retraction of the right parieto-occipital lobe facilitating the approach through the posterior interhemispheric corridor that is usually devoid of ...
Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma - The Medical Post | Trusting
... 4. Trismus: involvement of pterygoid muscle 5. Involvement of II, III, IV, VI cranial nerve ...
... 4. Trismus: involvement of pterygoid muscle 5. Involvement of II, III, IV, VI cranial nerve ...
Salivary-Gland
... • Equal incidence between sexes • Risk Factors: nutritional deficiency, exposure to ionizing radiation, UV exposure, genetic predisposition, EBV ...
... • Equal incidence between sexes • Risk Factors: nutritional deficiency, exposure to ionizing radiation, UV exposure, genetic predisposition, EBV ...
Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor
Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is a rare tumor usually diagnosed in childhood. Although usually a brain tumor, AT/RT can occur anywhere in the central nervous system (CNS) including the spinal cord. About 60% will be in the posterior cranial fossa (particularly the cerebellum). One review estimated 52% posterior fossa, 39% sPNET (supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors), 5% pineal, 2% spinal, and 2% multi-focal.In the United States, three children per 1,000,000 or around 30 new AT/RT cases are diagnosed each year. AT/RT represents around 3% of pediatric cancers of the CNS.Around 17% of all pediatric cancers involve the CNS; it is the most common childhood solid tumor. The survival rate for CNS tumors is around 60%. Pediatric brain cancer is the second leading cause of childhood death, just after leukemia. Recent trends suggest that the rate of overall CNS tumor diagnosis is increasing by about 2.7% per year. As diagnostic techniques using genetic markers improve and are used more often, the proportion of AT/RT diagnoses is expected to increase.AT/RT was only recognized as an entity in 1996 and added to the World Health Organization (WHO) Brain Tumor Classification in 2000 (Grade IV). The relatively recent classification and rarity has contributed to initial misdiagnosis and non-optimal therapy. This has led to a historically poor prognosis.Current research is focusing on using chemotherapy protocols that are effective against rhabdomyosarcoma in combination with surgery and radiation therapy.Recent studies using multi-modal therapy have shown significantly improved survival data. In 2008, The Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston reported two-year overall survival of 53% and event-free survival of 70% (median age at diagnosis of 26 months). In 2013, The Medical University of Vienna reported five-year overall survival of 100%, and event-free survival of 89% (median age at diagnosis of 24 months).Survival rates can be significantly improved when the correct genetic diagnosis is made at the outset, followed with specific multi-modal treatment.