Chromatin as a target antigen in human and murine lupus nephritis
... alterations during apoptosis and is normally not exposed for the immune system. In the case of increased apoptosis or deficient clearance, however, these components may be exposed as secondary necrotic chromatin with the potential to induce an antigen-selective immune response [64-66]. For example, p ...
... alterations during apoptosis and is normally not exposed for the immune system. In the case of increased apoptosis or deficient clearance, however, these components may be exposed as secondary necrotic chromatin with the potential to induce an antigen-selective immune response [64-66]. For example, p ...
Update on allergy immunotherapy - Journal of Allergy and Clinical
... Allergen-specific IgE and IgG4 responses Although AIT rapidly induces peripheral T-cell tolerance, there is no evidence that it induces B-cell tolerance.1 Natural exposure to a relevant allergen is often associated with increased IgE synthesis. Serum-specific IgE levels often transiently increase af ...
... Allergen-specific IgE and IgG4 responses Although AIT rapidly induces peripheral T-cell tolerance, there is no evidence that it induces B-cell tolerance.1 Natural exposure to a relevant allergen is often associated with increased IgE synthesis. Serum-specific IgE levels often transiently increase af ...
Updating the natural history of HPV and anogenital cancer
... infections will eventually clear if followed long enough. In addition, length of observation is often truncated in studies when women develop CIN-2/3, although many of these lesions regress as well. Some data suggest that HPV-16 persists longer, on average, than any other type [12]. Any other inter- ...
... infections will eventually clear if followed long enough. In addition, length of observation is often truncated in studies when women develop CIN-2/3, although many of these lesions regress as well. Some data suggest that HPV-16 persists longer, on average, than any other type [12]. Any other inter- ...
Food Allergies: The Basics
... allergies, compared with children without food allergies—differences such as these might contribute to the development of a food allergy.22 According to the hygiene hypothesis, decreases in family size and improvements in personal hygiene have contributed to the increased prevalence of IgE-mediated ...
... allergies, compared with children without food allergies—differences such as these might contribute to the development of a food allergy.22 According to the hygiene hypothesis, decreases in family size and improvements in personal hygiene have contributed to the increased prevalence of IgE-mediated ...
Humoral and cellular immune responses to Helicobacter
... T- and B-cell responses to Hp were analyzed in Hp infected adults from Bangladesh and Sweden. Comparable numbers of CD19+ B cells and CD4+ T cells and similar levels of Hpspecific IgA antibodies were found in gastric mucosa from Bangladeshi and Swedish subjects. However, higher numbers of CD19+ B ce ...
... T- and B-cell responses to Hp were analyzed in Hp infected adults from Bangladesh and Sweden. Comparable numbers of CD19+ B cells and CD4+ T cells and similar levels of Hpspecific IgA antibodies were found in gastric mucosa from Bangladeshi and Swedish subjects. However, higher numbers of CD19+ B ce ...
Development of an Antigen-independent Affinity Assay to Study the
... Fc gamma receptors (FcγRs) are membrane-bound receptors which bind the Fc fragment of antigen-bound IgGs. The binding generates cell signaling and subsequently an immunological response. In this way FcγRs are important links between the humoral and cellular parts of the immune system. Three families ...
... Fc gamma receptors (FcγRs) are membrane-bound receptors which bind the Fc fragment of antigen-bound IgGs. The binding generates cell signaling and subsequently an immunological response. In this way FcγRs are important links between the humoral and cellular parts of the immune system. Three families ...
Ronald van Ree
... Allergen-specific IgE from parasite-infected children lacks activity. This is not explained by high allergen-specific IgG4 titers specific IgE ...
... Allergen-specific IgE from parasite-infected children lacks activity. This is not explained by high allergen-specific IgG4 titers specific IgE ...
Phage therapy: awakening a sleeping giant
... It has been fairly standard practice to use viruses as antibacterial agents that fall into the order Caudovirales, which are double-stranded DNA viruses with a tail appendage [14]. The main advantage of using tailed phages is their ease of discovery as they are naturally found everywhere bacteria ex ...
... It has been fairly standard practice to use viruses as antibacterial agents that fall into the order Caudovirales, which are double-stranded DNA viruses with a tail appendage [14]. The main advantage of using tailed phages is their ease of discovery as they are naturally found everywhere bacteria ex ...
epstein-barr virus
... cells eventually return to the tonsil, where they occasionally undergo plasma-cell differentiation, which triggers viral replication. The resulting virus may be released into saliva for spreading to other hosts or may infect other B cells (Young & Rickinson, 2004; Thorley-Lawson & Allday, ...
... cells eventually return to the tonsil, where they occasionally undergo plasma-cell differentiation, which triggers viral replication. The resulting virus may be released into saliva for spreading to other hosts or may infect other B cells (Young & Rickinson, 2004; Thorley-Lawson & Allday, ...
Pathogenesis of Noroviruses, Emerging RNA Viruses
... intraepithelial cytotoxic T cells in the duodenum of norovirus-infected patients 0–6 days after symptom onset [73]. While specific intestinal lesions are observed during the time of norovirus illness, they completely resolve within two weeks. Several recent studies suggest that noroviruses cause apo ...
... intraepithelial cytotoxic T cells in the duodenum of norovirus-infected patients 0–6 days after symptom onset [73]. While specific intestinal lesions are observed during the time of norovirus illness, they completely resolve within two weeks. Several recent studies suggest that noroviruses cause apo ...
Modern affinity reagents: Recombinant antibodies and aptamers
... sequences used to build the library: immune, naïve, synthetic, and semisynthetic (Geyer et al., 2012; Harel Inbar and Benhar, 2012). Immune antibody libraries are generated using active B cells from an immunized human donor or animal, usually a mouse, and consist of more than 1010 different antibody ...
... sequences used to build the library: immune, naïve, synthetic, and semisynthetic (Geyer et al., 2012; Harel Inbar and Benhar, 2012). Immune antibody libraries are generated using active B cells from an immunized human donor or animal, usually a mouse, and consist of more than 1010 different antibody ...
Elevated serum BAFF levels in patients with sarcoidosis: association
... Serum samples were obtained from 37 Japanese sarcoidosis patients (5 males and 32 females). The age (mean ± SD) of these patients was 61 ± 12 years. Fresh venous blood samples were centrifuged shortly after clot formation and all samples were stored at 80 C before use. For comparison, serum from 21 ...
... Serum samples were obtained from 37 Japanese sarcoidosis patients (5 males and 32 females). The age (mean ± SD) of these patients was 61 ± 12 years. Fresh venous blood samples were centrifuged shortly after clot formation and all samples were stored at 80 C before use. For comparison, serum from 21 ...
Bledsoe_V1_ch08c
... Single-cell organisms with a cell membrane and cytoplasm but no organized nucleus Cause many common infections, and usually respond to antibiotic treatment ...
... Single-cell organisms with a cell membrane and cytoplasm but no organized nucleus Cause many common infections, and usually respond to antibiotic treatment ...
Gut microbiota, probiotics, and vitamin D: Interrelated exposures
... immune system.22,23 The initial gut composition can significantly influence immune system development.24 Hence disruption of this process early on in life at a time of dynamic changes25,26 in the infant’s gut might have long-term health effects. Both asthma27 and obesity28-30 often begin in early ch ...
... immune system.22,23 The initial gut composition can significantly influence immune system development.24 Hence disruption of this process early on in life at a time of dynamic changes25,26 in the infant’s gut might have long-term health effects. Both asthma27 and obesity28-30 often begin in early ch ...
Immunity to Intracellular Salmonella Depends on Surface
... Chlamydia antigens [29]. On the other hand, many immunodominant antigens in convalescent individuals lack protective efficacy, while a number of protective antigens may induce immune responses below the detection threshold during natural infection ...
... Chlamydia antigens [29]. On the other hand, many immunodominant antigens in convalescent individuals lack protective efficacy, while a number of protective antigens may induce immune responses below the detection threshold during natural infection ...
Role of extracellular ATP in immunity and intestinal defence
... reported in 2000 by Agteresch et al. [2], in which effects of ATP infusions in patients with advanced nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC, tumor stage IIIB and IV) had been investigated. In this randomized clinical trial, 28 NSCLC patients randomized to the experimental group received supportive care p ...
... reported in 2000 by Agteresch et al. [2], in which effects of ATP infusions in patients with advanced nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC, tumor stage IIIB and IV) had been investigated. In this randomized clinical trial, 28 NSCLC patients randomized to the experimental group received supportive care p ...
The Origins, Specificity, and Potential Biological
... hypermutation, characteristics displayed by both of the cloned anti-F(ab')2 autoantibodies. Therefore, it is possible that these two clones were derived from memory B cells. Perhaps additional clues into the origins of HAH B cells can be inferred from the isotype of HAH autoantibodies. A recent stud ...
... hypermutation, characteristics displayed by both of the cloned anti-F(ab')2 autoantibodies. Therefore, it is possible that these two clones were derived from memory B cells. Perhaps additional clues into the origins of HAH B cells can be inferred from the isotype of HAH autoantibodies. A recent stud ...
The Characteristics of the Cell-Mediated Immune Response Identify
... Mediterranean area and recent studies tend to exclude that HBV genetic mutations are responsible for the strong suppression of viral replication typical of occult HBV infection.8 Several other mechanisms could be involved, such as viral interference by other viruses, including hepatitis C virus (HCV ...
... Mediterranean area and recent studies tend to exclude that HBV genetic mutations are responsible for the strong suppression of viral replication typical of occult HBV infection.8 Several other mechanisms could be involved, such as viral interference by other viruses, including hepatitis C virus (HCV ...
PSYCHOLOGY 506b Cognitive Neuroscience Core Course …
... protective proteins produced by the immune system - are formed and how they react with other substances. This theory was based on an understanding of the way in which a cell was thought to absorb and assimilate nutrients. ...
... protective proteins produced by the immune system - are formed and how they react with other substances. This theory was based on an understanding of the way in which a cell was thought to absorb and assimilate nutrients. ...
SARSfurthertreatments
... Further discussion of SARS Treatment hypothesis in context of FcgammaR inhibition: Activation of monocytic cells through Fc gamma receptors induces the expression of macrophage-inflammatory protein (MIP)-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta, and RANTES [1]. Exposure of T cells to IFN-beta-1a selectively inhibited mR ...
... Further discussion of SARS Treatment hypothesis in context of FcgammaR inhibition: Activation of monocytic cells through Fc gamma receptors induces the expression of macrophage-inflammatory protein (MIP)-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta, and RANTES [1]. Exposure of T cells to IFN-beta-1a selectively inhibited mR ...
Innate immune system
The innate immune system, also known as the nonspecific immune system, is an important subsystem of the overall immune system that comprises the cells and mechanisms that defend the host from infection by other organisms. The cells of the innate system recognize and respond to pathogens in a generic way, but, unlike the adaptive immune system (which is found only in vertebrates), it does not confer long-lasting or protective immunity to the host. Innate immune systems provide immediate defense against infection, and are found in all classes of plant and animal life. They include both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.The innate immune system is an evolutionarily older defense strategy, and is the dominant immune system found in plants, fungi, insects, and primitive multicellular organisms.The major functions of the vertebrate innate immune system include: Recruiting immune cells to sites of infection, through the production of chemical factors, including specialized chemical mediators, called cytokines Activation of the complement cascade to identify bacteria, activate cells, and promote clearance of antibody complexes or dead cells The identification and removal of foreign substances present in organs, tissues, the blood and lymph, by specialised white blood cells Activation of the adaptive immune system through a process known as antigen presentation Acting as a physical and chemical barrier to infectious agents.↑ ↑ ↑