A Practical English Grammar
... In this edition the sign ‘’ is frequently used to denote a change of speaker in examples of dialogue. Note also that although the sign ‘=‘ sometimes connects two words or expressions with the same meaning, it is often used more freely, e.g. to indicate a transformation from active to passive or dir ...
... In this edition the sign ‘’ is frequently used to denote a change of speaker in examples of dialogue. Note also that although the sign ‘=‘ sometimes connects two words or expressions with the same meaning, it is often used more freely, e.g. to indicate a transformation from active to passive or dir ...
Reflexive Verben Theorie learning target rules
... If you check the chart carefully you see that the reflexive pronouns are almost the same as the personal pronouns. Just the er/sie/es and the sie (pl.) form is new to you. ...
... If you check the chart carefully you see that the reflexive pronouns are almost the same as the personal pronouns. Just the er/sie/es and the sie (pl.) form is new to you. ...
FRE 122 - National Open University of Nigeria
... will also learn some basic techniques of how to identify each of the verbs that belong to various groupings. Knowledge gained from this unit will facilitate your proper understanding of how to conjugate French verbs. It is important to note that your understanding this course better depends on the w ...
... will also learn some basic techniques of how to identify each of the verbs that belong to various groupings. Knowledge gained from this unit will facilitate your proper understanding of how to conjugate French verbs. It is important to note that your understanding this course better depends on the w ...
Constructional idioms as products of linguistic change: the aan het +
... These observations show that the occurrence of aan in present-day standard Dutch is bound to PPs with specific types of NPs, such as NPs of the type het + infinitive. This use of aan is a reflex of an earlier stage of Dutch in which the preposition aan had a more elaborated use as locative prepositi ...
... These observations show that the occurrence of aan in present-day standard Dutch is bound to PPs with specific types of NPs, such as NPs of the type het + infinitive. This use of aan is a reflex of an earlier stage of Dutch in which the preposition aan had a more elaborated use as locative prepositi ...
doc - KISS Grammar
... reason to have students struggle with ten sentences if they cannot do three or four. And, at the other end, if students have mastered the skills, they can demonstrate that in three or four sentences just as effectively as they can in ten. Thus most of the exercises in this book are very short – thre ...
... reason to have students struggle with ten sentences if they cannot do three or four. And, at the other end, if students have mastered the skills, they can demonstrate that in three or four sentences just as effectively as they can in ten. Thus most of the exercises in this book are very short – thre ...
Sprachvariation The Verb Cluster in Mennonite Low German: A New
... The origins of the Mennonites can be found in East Holland, Frisia, Flanders, and what is today Northwest Germany. In these regions Anabaptist communities had been formed during the Reformation. Due to religious persecution many of these Anabaptists emigrated to West and East Prussia during the 16th ...
... The origins of the Mennonites can be found in East Holland, Frisia, Flanders, and what is today Northwest Germany. In these regions Anabaptist communities had been formed during the Reformation. Due to religious persecution many of these Anabaptists emigrated to West and East Prussia during the 16th ...
verb complementation
... type of verb complementation was limited not only in German but also in the other Germanic languages I knew. I decided then to write an interlingual description of the embeddings which occur after the given limited set of verbs in each of the three Germanic languages, that is those of Swedish, Germa ...
... type of verb complementation was limited not only in German but also in the other Germanic languages I knew. I decided then to write an interlingual description of the embeddings which occur after the given limited set of verbs in each of the three Germanic languages, that is those of Swedish, Germa ...
Extraction from gerunds and the internal syntax of verbs - Munin
... These gerunds do not behave in the expected way if they formed a periphrasis with the main verb. The gerund is not selected by the main predicate, since its absence does not trigger any change in meaning or ungrammaticality (compare 4 with 5). 3 Another potential option would be that the gerund is t ...
... These gerunds do not behave in the expected way if they formed a periphrasis with the main verb. The gerund is not selected by the main predicate, since its absence does not trigger any change in meaning or ungrammaticality (compare 4 with 5). 3 Another potential option would be that the gerund is t ...
Towards SSyntRels - Wanner - Observatoire de linguistique Sens
... Therefore, the family of constructions covered by one SSyntRel is, so to speak, a 'constructioneme.' The elements of a constructioneme—concrete constructions—behave as all other allo-Xs do: they do not contrast semantically (requirement 1), while obeying certain regularities concerning their mutual ...
... Therefore, the family of constructions covered by one SSyntRel is, so to speak, a 'constructioneme.' The elements of a constructioneme—concrete constructions—behave as all other allo-Xs do: they do not contrast semantically (requirement 1), while obeying certain regularities concerning their mutual ...
Münchhausen-style head movement and the analysis of verb second
... projection of H in the resulting structure [α H α]. Therefore, in [YP [Y X Y ] [XP …. X ….]], the trace of X is not maximal, while the moved head acquires that status in its landing site. This violates the Chain Uniformity Condition that requires that the phrasality status of a category must not cha ...
... projection of H in the resulting structure [α H α]. Therefore, in [YP [Y X Y ] [XP …. X ….]], the trace of X is not maximal, while the moved head acquires that status in its landing site. This violates the Chain Uniformity Condition that requires that the phrasality status of a category must not cha ...
Nominal Roots as Event Predicates in English Denominal
... a constraint on possible interpretations is identified: intransitive denominal conversion verbs are infelicitous where the source nominal is intended to be an incremental theme (#apple ‘eat apple’), a patient (#shirt ‘wear shirt’), or the holder of a result state (#window ‘open window’). This little ...
... a constraint on possible interpretations is identified: intransitive denominal conversion verbs are infelicitous where the source nominal is intended to be an incremental theme (#apple ‘eat apple’), a patient (#shirt ‘wear shirt’), or the holder of a result state (#window ‘open window’). This little ...
The semantics of the Turkish accusative marked
... questions have been at the heart of investigation about the Turkish accusative: i. in what respects an accusative marked DP differs from a null marked one and how specifically the reading of an indefinite is influenced by the presence of an accusative (Taylan and Zimmer, 1994; Aygen, 1999; Kelepir, ...
... questions have been at the heart of investigation about the Turkish accusative: i. in what respects an accusative marked DP differs from a null marked one and how specifically the reading of an indefinite is influenced by the presence of an accusative (Taylan and Zimmer, 1994; Aygen, 1999; Kelepir, ...
The Inflected Infinitive in Brazilian Portuguese.
... and represented differently: the first one, which bears both nominal and verbal features, is represented as a reference phrase (RP); and the second one, showing only verbal features, is represented as a CORE. These basic syntactic representations are used in different complex structures, generating ...
... and represented differently: the first one, which bears both nominal and verbal features, is represented as a reference phrase (RP); and the second one, showing only verbal features, is represented as a CORE. These basic syntactic representations are used in different complex structures, generating ...
A Diachronic Study on the Complementation of the Verb Try
... verb phrase (VP), and according to Lakoff and Ross (1966, II 5), “elements that may occur after ‘do so’ are outside of the verb phrase (are not constituents of VP), and elements that cannot so occur are inside the verb phrase.” Though Lakoff and Ross do not concentrate on complements and adjuncts, t ...
... verb phrase (VP), and according to Lakoff and Ross (1966, II 5), “elements that may occur after ‘do so’ are outside of the verb phrase (are not constituents of VP), and elements that cannot so occur are inside the verb phrase.” Though Lakoff and Ross do not concentrate on complements and adjuncts, t ...
Grammar in Context Proficiency Level
... If you are the kind of learner for whom this book has been written, you will have learnt English intensively for months or less intensively for years. You will now be in contact with the language as it is used by British, American and other native speakers in conversation, on radio and television, i ...
... If you are the kind of learner for whom this book has been written, you will have learnt English intensively for months or less intensively for years. You will now be in contact with the language as it is used by British, American and other native speakers in conversation, on radio and television, i ...
Gerunds
... • A gerund phrase will begin with a gerund, and the entire phrase will function as a noun in the sentence. • Fishing for trout is an exhilarating experience. • Reading science fiction novels is fun. ...
... • A gerund phrase will begin with a gerund, and the entire phrase will function as a noun in the sentence. • Fishing for trout is an exhilarating experience. • Reading science fiction novels is fun. ...
Using gerund as object of prepositions
... b) After the words that are still using a preposition: Fond of + gerund Example: He is always fond of hunting. He always liked hunting Insist on + gerund Example: He insisted on going to the Holy. He insisted to go to the Holy Object to + gerund Example: I object to smoking. My objection to smoking ...
... b) After the words that are still using a preposition: Fond of + gerund Example: He is always fond of hunting. He always liked hunting Insist on + gerund Example: He insisted on going to the Holy. He insisted to go to the Holy Object to + gerund Example: I object to smoking. My objection to smoking ...
Overview of the Different Complementation Patterns and
... of language learning. He introduces eight different ‘complementisers’ in English ie. toinfinitives, for…to-infinitives, bare infinitives, present participles, gerunds, that-clauses, whether/if-clauses and wh-constructions. He states that “The use of the correct complementiser is mainly a question of ...
... of language learning. He introduces eight different ‘complementisers’ in English ie. toinfinitives, for…to-infinitives, bare infinitives, present participles, gerunds, that-clauses, whether/if-clauses and wh-constructions. He states that “The use of the correct complementiser is mainly a question of ...
The Notion of Surface-Syntactic Relation Revisited
... SSyntRel, since in such cases the substitution by the DE-phrase is always possible. However, the defining properties of the Ds in both constructions do not warrant such a unification. An agreeing adjectival modifier and a prepositional phrase are so dissimilar in their SSynt-properties that there is ...
... SSyntRel, since in such cases the substitution by the DE-phrase is always possible. However, the defining properties of the Ds in both constructions do not warrant such a unification. An agreeing adjectival modifier and a prepositional phrase are so dissimilar in their SSynt-properties that there is ...
as a PDF
... 354) the emotive function of language which "aims at a direct expression of the speaker's attitude" towards her/his speech "flavors to some extent all our utterances, on their phonic, grammatical, and lexical level". Despite Jakobson's attempt to include the emotive function in language models, most ...
... 354) the emotive function of language which "aims at a direct expression of the speaker's attitude" towards her/his speech "flavors to some extent all our utterances, on their phonic, grammatical, and lexical level". Despite Jakobson's attempt to include the emotive function in language models, most ...
PDF format - Encuentro Journal
... modals (cfr. Palmer 1990). Modality in English and Spanish sentences is usually divided in two general types: epistemic and deontic. The term epistemic is related to the Greek word epistemology and deontic derives from deontology , which refers to ‘the science of duty’. Both types of modality go bey ...
... modals (cfr. Palmer 1990). Modality in English and Spanish sentences is usually divided in two general types: epistemic and deontic. The term epistemic is related to the Greek word epistemology and deontic derives from deontology , which refers to ‘the science of duty’. Both types of modality go bey ...
space and metaphor in verbs prefixed with od-/ot
... humans, animals, solid objects capable of motion, and certain bodies of water (e.g., tidal waves), verbs such as BCS/Blg. odjeknuti/otekna ‘echo’ and a few others at the bottom of Table 1 on the next page share a common meaning: spreading away from a source. These verbs can be understood as a transi ...
... humans, animals, solid objects capable of motion, and certain bodies of water (e.g., tidal waves), verbs such as BCS/Blg. odjeknuti/otekna ‘echo’ and a few others at the bottom of Table 1 on the next page share a common meaning: spreading away from a source. These verbs can be understood as a transi ...
... [It implies from your words that you will not come tomorrow.] The principle of shifting of 'cognitive roles' can be interpreted as a 'middle course' between the strictly syntactically based and the strictly semantically based approaches. Verbal complementations can be realized either by single words ...
PDF - Glossa
... Thus, in the standard Serbian orthography the truncated infinitive and the future auxiliary are written as one word (with no spacing between them), indicating that a truncated infinitive like radi-, or drža- is not an independent, free word. I will follow this convention throughout the paper: combin ...
... Thus, in the standard Serbian orthography the truncated infinitive and the future auxiliary are written as one word (with no spacing between them), indicating that a truncated infinitive like radi-, or drža- is not an independent, free word. I will follow this convention throughout the paper: combin ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... This section deals with the morphological, syntactic and lexical differences between NG and SG. Researchers claim that there is no difference between the pronunciation of SG and NG (Nöckler 1963:128, Pütz, M 1991:464). Unlike other German-speaking emigrant groups, who tended to come from a specific ...
... This section deals with the morphological, syntactic and lexical differences between NG and SG. Researchers claim that there is no difference between the pronunciation of SG and NG (Nöckler 1963:128, Pütz, M 1991:464). Unlike other German-speaking emigrant groups, who tended to come from a specific ...