Paper (pdf)
... 2.2. Multilayers The maximum difference in reflectivity for s- and p-polarization is obtained when the angle of incidence is 45 ◦ . However, for 0.25 keV X-rays at this angle of incidence, the reflectivity of most materials is rather low. To improve throughput, we will apply a multilayer coating to ...
... 2.2. Multilayers The maximum difference in reflectivity for s- and p-polarization is obtained when the angle of incidence is 45 ◦ . However, for 0.25 keV X-rays at this angle of incidence, the reflectivity of most materials is rather low. To improve throughput, we will apply a multilayer coating to ...
Mechanical Waves (Chapter 17) 1. What does a wave transfer
... 1. What is the most unusual characteristic of Earth? It has liquid water. No other planet has liquid water. 2. What is the most unusual characteristic of Uranus? It is tilted on its side. We see this because the rings are vertical, instead of horizontal, like on other planets. 3. What is the most un ...
... 1. What is the most unusual characteristic of Earth? It has liquid water. No other planet has liquid water. 2. What is the most unusual characteristic of Uranus? It is tilted on its side. We see this because the rings are vertical, instead of horizontal, like on other planets. 3. What is the most un ...
Exoplanets - Polarisation.eu
... The degree of polarization P of reflected starlight depends on*: • The composition and structure of the planet’s atmosphere • The reflection properties of the planet’s surface • The wavelength λ of the light • The planetary phase angle α * P does not depend on: planet’s size, distance to the star, d ...
... The degree of polarization P of reflected starlight depends on*: • The composition and structure of the planet’s atmosphere • The reflection properties of the planet’s surface • The wavelength λ of the light • The planetary phase angle α * P does not depend on: planet’s size, distance to the star, d ...
LIGHT PSEUDOSCALAR BOSONS, PVLAS AND DOUBLE PULSAR …
... Consider a photon beam in vacuo with k along the z-axis. External B field present (only x, y components of B relevant). CLASSICALLY beam propagation UNAFFECTED by B. QUANTUM corrections change the situation, since virtual fermion exchange produces a photon-photon interaction. ...
... Consider a photon beam in vacuo with k along the z-axis. External B field present (only x, y components of B relevant). CLASSICALLY beam propagation UNAFFECTED by B. QUANTUM corrections change the situation, since virtual fermion exchange produces a photon-photon interaction. ...
Polarization of x-gamma radiation produced by a Thomson and
... measurements of the parity of the nuclear states, for the investigation of pygmy resonances and of the photodisintegration reactions. Measurements of the gamma polarization are usually done by analyzing the intensity spatial distribution detected on imaging plates [32]. Furthermore, the polarization ...
... measurements of the parity of the nuclear states, for the investigation of pygmy resonances and of the photodisintegration reactions. Measurements of the gamma polarization are usually done by analyzing the intensity spatial distribution detected on imaging plates [32]. Furthermore, the polarization ...
Erice 2015, Lecture 1: Polarization
... crystals are basis of highest-quality polarizers precise arrangement of atom/molecules and anisotropy of index of refraction separate incoming beam into two beams with precisely orthogonal linear polarization states work well over large wavelength range many different configurations calcite most oft ...
... crystals are basis of highest-quality polarizers precise arrangement of atom/molecules and anisotropy of index of refraction separate incoming beam into two beams with precisely orthogonal linear polarization states work well over large wavelength range many different configurations calcite most oft ...
Document
... Faraday’s Law: A changing magnetic field will create an electric field. The direction of the electric field will be perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field. Maxwell’s Proposal: A changing electric field will create a magnetic field. The direction of the magnetic field will be perpendicu ...
... Faraday’s Law: A changing magnetic field will create an electric field. The direction of the electric field will be perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field. Maxwell’s Proposal: A changing electric field will create a magnetic field. The direction of the magnetic field will be perpendicu ...
The Interstellar Medium
... ray component would rise higher and be confined by the field. This creates regions where magnetic field buckles up from the galactic plane, and in the regions where they descend into the plane huge complexes of atomic and molecular gas clouds are formed. The best probe of neutral atomic hydrogen in ...
... ray component would rise higher and be confined by the field. This creates regions where magnetic field buckles up from the galactic plane, and in the regions where they descend into the plane huge complexes of atomic and molecular gas clouds are formed. The best probe of neutral atomic hydrogen in ...
The larger the magnetic field, the stronger our ignorance
... attempt to apportion credit for the ideas would be to invite electronic, paper, and perhaps real over-ripe tomatoes to be aimed at Irvine, College Park, and even Stanford. I will merely say that I have heard the problems and the solutions most persuasively expressed by Leon Mestel (retired, but very ...
... attempt to apportion credit for the ideas would be to invite electronic, paper, and perhaps real over-ripe tomatoes to be aimed at Irvine, College Park, and even Stanford. I will merely say that I have heard the problems and the solutions most persuasively expressed by Leon Mestel (retired, but very ...
SOFIA Polarimetry: Recent Musings
... Unanimous support for an interim solution: polarimeter for HAWC HAWC polarimeter options: – cold, spinning half-wave plates at pupil wheel – warm variable-delay polarization modulator in foreoptics ...
... Unanimous support for an interim solution: polarimeter for HAWC HAWC polarimeter options: – cold, spinning half-wave plates at pupil wheel – warm variable-delay polarization modulator in foreoptics ...
Spectropolarimetry, Biosignatures, and the Search
... W.E.Martin et al,Polarized Optical Scattering Signatures from Biological Materials,Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & ...
... W.E.Martin et al,Polarized Optical Scattering Signatures from Biological Materials,Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & ...
The Large-Scale Polarization Explorer (LSPE)
... Polarized foreground emissions are likely to be the main limitation for B-modes detection at large angular scales. Our current knowledge of diffuse polarized foregrounds mainly comes from WMAP data (covering the 23-94 GHz frequency range). New data from the Planck satellite will soon become availabl ...
... Polarized foreground emissions are likely to be the main limitation for B-modes detection at large angular scales. Our current knowledge of diffuse polarized foregrounds mainly comes from WMAP data (covering the 23-94 GHz frequency range). New data from the Planck satellite will soon become availabl ...
Zeeman observations: Measuring magnetic fields in the atomic and
... In the diffuse atomic ISM, the H I mass is distributed approximately half in the so-called Cold Neutral Medium component (CNM) and half in the so-called Warm Neutral Medium component (WNM). The Zeeman observations of the 21 cm H I line typically target regions with strong radio continuum sources. In ...
... In the diffuse atomic ISM, the H I mass is distributed approximately half in the so-called Cold Neutral Medium component (CNM) and half in the so-called Warm Neutral Medium component (WNM). The Zeeman observations of the 21 cm H I line typically target regions with strong radio continuum sources. In ...
Probing Gravity with Observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background Sarah Church Stanford University
... Initial power spectrum of scalar modes and tensor modes (arise naturally from quantum fluctuations stretched out by inflation) Matter fluctuations begin to collapse as they enter the horizon Gravity + radiation pressure couple the baryons and the photon background ⇒ oscillations in the photon-baryon ...
... Initial power spectrum of scalar modes and tensor modes (arise naturally from quantum fluctuations stretched out by inflation) Matter fluctuations begin to collapse as they enter the horizon Gravity + radiation pressure couple the baryons and the photon background ⇒ oscillations in the photon-baryon ...
Nature template - PC Word 97
... if we want to explain the rareness of the observed fluctuations. In support to our case (3) we may suppose that the tips of flares and coronal loops directly reach the SiO maser zone. The differential rotation in the sub-photosphere of AGB stars, together with the dynamo beneath16, will lead to coro ...
... if we want to explain the rareness of the observed fluctuations. In support to our case (3) we may suppose that the tips of flares and coronal loops directly reach the SiO maser zone. The differential rotation in the sub-photosphere of AGB stars, together with the dynamo beneath16, will lead to coro ...
Model - High Energy Astrophysics Group
... process of secondary pair produces photons in wide energy bands (optical to GeV). We examine the polarization characteristics predicted by the synchrotron model ...
... process of secondary pair produces photons in wide energy bands (optical to GeV). We examine the polarization characteristics predicted by the synchrotron model ...
l000 first detection of polarized scattered light from an
... smaller and larger than 90⬚. However, since the Stokes u amplitude is quite small, a better polarimetric accuracy is needed to distinguish between 86⬚ and 94⬚. The fits to the observations and x 2 contours of the solution are shown in Figures 1 and 2, respectively. Note that the binned data also fol ...
... smaller and larger than 90⬚. However, since the Stokes u amplitude is quite small, a better polarimetric accuracy is needed to distinguish between 86⬚ and 94⬚. The fits to the observations and x 2 contours of the solution are shown in Figures 1 and 2, respectively. Note that the binned data also fol ...
Observation
... Consider a magnetic field completely tangled in the plane of the shock front, but with a high degree of coherence in the orthogonal direction ...
... Consider a magnetic field completely tangled in the plane of the shock front, but with a high degree of coherence in the orthogonal direction ...
First detection of polarized scattered light from an exoplanetary
... both i and Ω. Moreover, it is possible to distinguish between inclinations smaller and larger than 90◦ , which is not possible from transit data. In general, it is RL that scales the amplitude of polarization variations. The inclination scales the relative amplitudes in Stokes q and u. For example, ...
... both i and Ω. Moreover, it is possible to distinguish between inclinations smaller and larger than 90◦ , which is not possible from transit data. In general, it is RL that scales the amplitude of polarization variations. The inclination scales the relative amplitudes in Stokes q and u. For example, ...
Optical Parameters of Paratellurite Crystals
... lurite for a wavelength of 355 nm. The Faraday effect implies the rotation of the plane of polarization of a beam that propagates coaxially with the vector H of a dc magnetic field applied to the crystal. The rotation of plane of polarization by an angle θ is related to the crystal length l in the f ...
... lurite for a wavelength of 355 nm. The Faraday effect implies the rotation of the plane of polarization of a beam that propagates coaxially with the vector H of a dc magnetic field applied to the crystal. The rotation of plane of polarization by an angle θ is related to the crystal length l in the f ...
Circular polarization
In electrodynamics, circular polarization of an electromagnetic wave is a polarization in which the electric field of the passing wave does not change strength but only changes direction in a rotary manner.In electrodynamics the strength and direction of an electric field is defined by what is called an electric field vector. In the case of a circularly polarized wave, as seen in the accompanying animation, the tip of the electric field vector, at a given point in space, describes a circle as time progresses. If the wave is frozen in time, the electric field vector of the wave describes a helix along the direction of propagation.Circular polarization is a limiting case of the more general condition of elliptical polarization. The other special case is the easier-to-understand linear polarization.The phenomenon of polarization arises as a consequence of the fact that light behaves as a two-dimensional transverse wave.