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... that happen between organisms, populations, and communities in an assigned ecosystem. Develop an outline and suggest additional interactions that might be important. Examine the importance and applicability of this week’s concepts to each team member and to society in general. ...
... that happen between organisms, populations, and communities in an assigned ecosystem. Develop an outline and suggest additional interactions that might be important. Examine the importance and applicability of this week’s concepts to each team member and to society in general. ...
- University of Hawaii at Manoa
... The use of scuba has had such a profound impact on our understanding of the ecology of reef fishes at all levels of biological organization that it is difficult to imagine what the state of our understanding would be without it. For many decades, fish assemblages associated with shallow reef ecosyst ...
... The use of scuba has had such a profound impact on our understanding of the ecology of reef fishes at all levels of biological organization that it is difficult to imagine what the state of our understanding would be without it. For many decades, fish assemblages associated with shallow reef ecosyst ...
Refocusing Ecocentrism: De-emphasizing Stability
... TRADITIONAL ECOCENTRISM The ecological theories on which traditional ecocentric ethics are based, theories we call collectively the “ecology of stability,” were developed by Frederic Clements and Eugene Odum, among others. They tended to view natural systems as integrated, stable wholes that are eit ...
... TRADITIONAL ECOCENTRISM The ecological theories on which traditional ecocentric ethics are based, theories we call collectively the “ecology of stability,” were developed by Frederic Clements and Eugene Odum, among others. They tended to view natural systems as integrated, stable wholes that are eit ...
Ecology and Ecosystems
... Outcome 2 Describe factors affecting the development and conservation of selected ecosystems This Outcome could be taught by means of a series of introductory classes outlining the structures of some typical ecosystems, together with one or more site visits where learners would be encouraged to ta ...
... Outcome 2 Describe factors affecting the development and conservation of selected ecosystems This Outcome could be taught by means of a series of introductory classes outlining the structures of some typical ecosystems, together with one or more site visits where learners would be encouraged to ta ...
FROM INDIVIDUALS TO ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION: TOWARD AN O J. S
... composition of ecosystems is related to ecosystem properties and functions. Progress on this front is limited partly because of the need to identify mechanisms controlling functions that are common to a wide range of ecosystem types. We propose that one general mechanism, rooted in the evolutionary ...
... composition of ecosystems is related to ecosystem properties and functions. Progress on this front is limited partly because of the need to identify mechanisms controlling functions that are common to a wide range of ecosystem types. We propose that one general mechanism, rooted in the evolutionary ...
Full Text
... Box 2. Scavenging in the African savannah. A recent study conducted in the African savannah has pointed out that the structure and functioning of vertebrate scavenging assemblages is largely dependent on carcass size (Moleón et al. 2015). The relationship between the particle size of the food resour ...
... Box 2. Scavenging in the African savannah. A recent study conducted in the African savannah has pointed out that the structure and functioning of vertebrate scavenging assemblages is largely dependent on carcass size (Moleón et al. 2015). The relationship between the particle size of the food resour ...
Long-term ecological dynamics: reciprocal
... gradient-based approach with other approaches. Overall, studies reviewed here demonstrate that the development of basic ecological concepts and the application of these concepts to environmental problems can be more effective when conducted complementarily than when pursued separately. Keywords: bio ...
... gradient-based approach with other approaches. Overall, studies reviewed here demonstrate that the development of basic ecological concepts and the application of these concepts to environmental problems can be more effective when conducted complementarily than when pursued separately. Keywords: bio ...
References - Biology Department | UNC Chapel Hill
... The overall conclusions have been the most difficult. Our argument from first principles has not led us to an overarching theory, but then the closest anyone has come to this is F.E. Clements, to whom we dedicate this book. He saw much and understood much, but his conclusions were mainly descriptive ...
... The overall conclusions have been the most difficult. Our argument from first principles has not led us to an overarching theory, but then the closest anyone has come to this is F.E. Clements, to whom we dedicate this book. He saw much and understood much, but his conclusions were mainly descriptive ...
Land-use history - India Environment Portal
... species to predictor variables as random-effect slopes using a series of Poisson regressions. The standard deviations of these slopes can be interpreted as changes in community composition assuming that two communities with the same relative abundances of species have the same composition, regardles ...
... species to predictor variables as random-effect slopes using a series of Poisson regressions. The standard deviations of these slopes can be interpreted as changes in community composition assuming that two communities with the same relative abundances of species have the same composition, regardles ...
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... 4) Explain why ecology is inherently an interdisciplinary science. Give two examples of the ties between ecology and other branches of science. Type: ES Topic: Section 1.4 5) Describe a field experiment that you might use to test the hypothesis that water availability affects plant growth. Suggest o ...
... 4) Explain why ecology is inherently an interdisciplinary science. Give two examples of the ties between ecology and other branches of science. Type: ES Topic: Section 1.4 5) Describe a field experiment that you might use to test the hypothesis that water availability affects plant growth. Suggest o ...
Alternative stable states in ecology
... BE Beisner1, DT Haydon1, and K Cuddington2 The idea that alternative stable states may exist in communities has been a recurring theme in ecology since the late 1960s, and is now experiencing a resurgence of interest. Since the first papers on the subject appeared, two perspectives have developed to ...
... BE Beisner1, DT Haydon1, and K Cuddington2 The idea that alternative stable states may exist in communities has been a recurring theme in ecology since the late 1960s, and is now experiencing a resurgence of interest. Since the first papers on the subject appeared, two perspectives have developed to ...
Role of Biotic Interactions in a Small Mammal Assemblage in
... that 86% of 180 manipulative field experiments published in Ecology in 1977-1987 lasted 3 yrlfield seasons or less; only 7% had a duration of 5 yrlfield seasons or more. Long-term studies provide opportunities to examine ecological processes at various temporal scales (Likens 1989, Risser 1991). Wit ...
... that 86% of 180 manipulative field experiments published in Ecology in 1977-1987 lasted 3 yrlfield seasons or less; only 7% had a duration of 5 yrlfield seasons or more. Long-term studies provide opportunities to examine ecological processes at various temporal scales (Likens 1989, Risser 1991). Wit ...
Physiological Ecology of Rocky Intertidal Organisms: A Synergy of Concepts L T *
... change in space and time, and need to more actively consider the role of temporal change in these parameters. The roles of biological and physical factors in the rocky intertidal zone also need to be studied in the greater context of the near-shore pelagic environment, especially because many popula ...
... change in space and time, and need to more actively consider the role of temporal change in these parameters. The roles of biological and physical factors in the rocky intertidal zone also need to be studied in the greater context of the near-shore pelagic environment, especially because many popula ...
Journal of Animal Ecology 82(6) - Seagrass Ecosystems Research
... beds, extending into sand substrate where tropical seagrass species are most prevalent (Burkholder, Fourqurean & Heithaus 2013). Because of herbivore preferences for fast-growing species in this system (Burkholder, Heithaus & Fourqurean 2012) and apparent resilience of A. antarctica to grazing (Burk ...
... beds, extending into sand substrate where tropical seagrass species are most prevalent (Burkholder, Fourqurean & Heithaus 2013). Because of herbivore preferences for fast-growing species in this system (Burkholder, Heithaus & Fourqurean 2012) and apparent resilience of A. antarctica to grazing (Burk ...
Intertidal Community Structure: Space
... analysis of variance, using both univariateand multivariateprocedures(SAS 1982). MultivariateP values are consideredto be morereliablethanthosegenerated fromunivariate repeated-measuresmodels (Tabachnick and Fiddell 1983), but the univariateresultswere needed for the estimation of variance component ...
... analysis of variance, using both univariateand multivariateprocedures(SAS 1982). MultivariateP values are consideredto be morereliablethanthosegenerated fromunivariate repeated-measuresmodels (Tabachnick and Fiddell 1983), but the univariateresultswere needed for the estimation of variance component ...
The ecology of restoration: historical links, emerging issues and
... concepts serve as an essential basis for effective restoration? Second, are there conceptual areas of ecology unique to, or at least uniquely well informed by, ecological restoration? In this review, we explore conceptual areas of enquiry that have been active in restoration ecology, suggest new or ...
... concepts serve as an essential basis for effective restoration? Second, are there conceptual areas of ecology unique to, or at least uniquely well informed by, ecological restoration? In this review, we explore conceptual areas of enquiry that have been active in restoration ecology, suggest new or ...
Large wildlife removal drives immune defence increases
... fences to remove various groups of animals from large (4 ha) plots in an African savanna landscape (Young et al. 1997). KLEE is located in an area with a rich large mammal fauna including elephants (Loxodonta africana), giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis), zebras (Equus quagga and Equus grevyi) and lion ...
... fences to remove various groups of animals from large (4 ha) plots in an African savanna landscape (Young et al. 1997). KLEE is located in an area with a rich large mammal fauna including elephants (Loxodonta africana), giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis), zebras (Equus quagga and Equus grevyi) and lion ...
A Philosophical Naturalism 1995 Tags : humanity`s place in nature
... is making headlines in environmental issues that are of enormous importance for the future of nearly all life-forms. Â Â Â Â Defining nature becomes an even more complex task when we include the human species as part of it. Is human society with its ensemble of technologies and artifacts--not to spe ...
... is making headlines in environmental issues that are of enormous importance for the future of nearly all life-forms. Â Â Â Â Defining nature becomes an even more complex task when we include the human species as part of it. Is human society with its ensemble of technologies and artifacts--not to spe ...
Biotic and Abiotic Controls in River and Stream Communities
... Without attempting to be comprehensive in our review, we discuss limits and limitations of our knowledge in these areas. We also suggest types of data and technological development that would advance our understanding. While we appreciate the value and need for empirical and comparative information, ...
... Without attempting to be comprehensive in our review, we discuss limits and limitations of our knowledge in these areas. We also suggest types of data and technological development that would advance our understanding. While we appreciate the value and need for empirical and comparative information, ...
Physiological Ecology of Rocky Intertidal Organisms: A
... change in space and time, and need to more actively consider the role of temporal change in these parameters. The roles of biological and physical factors in the rocky intertidal zone also need to be studied in the greater context of the near-shore pelagic environment, especially because many popula ...
... change in space and time, and need to more actively consider the role of temporal change in these parameters. The roles of biological and physical factors in the rocky intertidal zone also need to be studied in the greater context of the near-shore pelagic environment, especially because many popula ...
Appendix 1
... “consum*”) and examined the reference lists of the identified papers. The search was completed on 15 March 2015. ...
... “consum*”) and examined the reference lists of the identified papers. The search was completed on 15 March 2015. ...
Competition between distantly related taxa
... that they are controlled. One way to control for these intrinsic effects is to carry out the experiment using closely related species with similar physiology and life history, which perceive the same environmental grain. Otherwise one would be measuring the effects of extrinsic factors compounded by ...
... that they are controlled. One way to control for these intrinsic effects is to carry out the experiment using closely related species with similar physiology and life history, which perceive the same environmental grain. Otherwise one would be measuring the effects of extrinsic factors compounded by ...
Unit 1 - OpenWetWare
... 10. Distinguish between energy pyramids and biomass pyramids. Explain why both relationships are in the form of pyramids. Explain the special circumstances of inverted biomass pyramids. 11. Explain why food pyramids usually have only four or five trophic levels 12. Define the pyramid of numbers. 13. ...
... 10. Distinguish between energy pyramids and biomass pyramids. Explain why both relationships are in the form of pyramids. Explain the special circumstances of inverted biomass pyramids. 11. Explain why food pyramids usually have only four or five trophic levels 12. Define the pyramid of numbers. 13. ...
Ecology in Global Scenarios - Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
... Ecological feedbacks may accentuate human modifications of ecosystems. Changes in ecological functioning produced by unintended ecological feedbacks from human actions appear likely to amplify climate change, decrease agricultural productivity, reduce human health, and increase the vulnerability of ...
... Ecological feedbacks may accentuate human modifications of ecosystems. Changes in ecological functioning produced by unintended ecological feedbacks from human actions appear likely to amplify climate change, decrease agricultural productivity, reduce human health, and increase the vulnerability of ...
Introduction to ecology and env
... A pyramid of standing crop (or of numbers) may be inverted, i.e., a higher trophic level may have a larger standing crop than a lower trophic level. This can occur if the lower trophic level has a high rate of turnover of small individuals (and high rate of productivity), such that the First and Sec ...
... A pyramid of standing crop (or of numbers) may be inverted, i.e., a higher trophic level may have a larger standing crop than a lower trophic level. This can occur if the lower trophic level has a high rate of turnover of small individuals (and high rate of productivity), such that the First and Sec ...