Lecture 19 - University of Windsor
... Let’s zoom in and follow the changes along the isopleth from a - e (as the temperature is dropped): a. 1375 °C. The material is above the liquidus line and so the entire mixture is still liquid. ...
... Let’s zoom in and follow the changes along the isopleth from a - e (as the temperature is dropped): a. 1375 °C. The material is above the liquidus line and so the entire mixture is still liquid. ...
In situ-XAS and catalytic study of acrolein hydrogenation over silver
... gas-phase propionaldehyde signal (after similar background subtraction) is striking. Consequently, the surface signal measured on Ag(111) during acrolein hydrogenation consist mainly of a propionaldehyde-like surface entity orientated in the “lying-down” manner to the surface. This species can be co ...
... gas-phase propionaldehyde signal (after similar background subtraction) is striking. Consequently, the surface signal measured on Ag(111) during acrolein hydrogenation consist mainly of a propionaldehyde-like surface entity orientated in the “lying-down” manner to the surface. This species can be co ...
Energy barrier of proton transfer at ice surfaces
... reversibility predicts a relationship, kf = 4kb共=k兲, for the overall reaction. This relationship holds independent of the H/D exchange mechanism and the hydrogen bonding structure of the system. As a first-order approximation, we assume that H/D exchange reaction is solely responsible for the change ...
... reversibility predicts a relationship, kf = 4kb共=k兲, for the overall reaction. This relationship holds independent of the H/D exchange mechanism and the hydrogen bonding structure of the system. As a first-order approximation, we assume that H/D exchange reaction is solely responsible for the change ...
Noi strategii de realizare a unor bio
... cardiac marker protein for fatty acid-binding, heart fraction(h FABP), are different in structure and biological function, they require two different approaches to achieve bio surfaces and to create their specific experimental conditions that do to not interfere very much in changing the three-dimen ...
... cardiac marker protein for fatty acid-binding, heart fraction(h FABP), are different in structure and biological function, they require two different approaches to achieve bio surfaces and to create their specific experimental conditions that do to not interfere very much in changing the three-dimen ...
Can Chemical Effects Rival the First Indirect Effect?
... can decrease droplet critical supersaturation, Sc , if the species acts to decrease bulk surface tension, b) it can increase Sc because the amount of dissolved solute tends to decrease, and c) the dissolved species can exhibit non-ideal behavior, so that critical supersaturation can either be increa ...
... can decrease droplet critical supersaturation, Sc , if the species acts to decrease bulk surface tension, b) it can increase Sc because the amount of dissolved solute tends to decrease, and c) the dissolved species can exhibit non-ideal behavior, so that critical supersaturation can either be increa ...
The impact of pore water chemistry on carbonate surface charge
... to allow active components in the oil phase to adhere to the rock mineral surface. Thus the wetting state in a reservoir should be dependent on the difference between the oil and water pressure (e.g., the capillary pressure) (Melrose, 1982; Hirasaki, 1991). The rock should be more water wet close to ...
... to allow active components in the oil phase to adhere to the rock mineral surface. Thus the wetting state in a reservoir should be dependent on the difference between the oil and water pressure (e.g., the capillary pressure) (Melrose, 1982; Hirasaki, 1991). The rock should be more water wet close to ...
international union of pure and applied chemistry manual of symbols
... It is sometimes difficult or impossible to discriminate experimentally between adsorption and absorption: in such cases it is convenient to use the non-committal term: sorption (together with its derived terms sorbent, sorbate, sorptive). This term is also used as a general term to cover both adsorp ...
... It is sometimes difficult or impossible to discriminate experimentally between adsorption and absorption: in such cases it is convenient to use the non-committal term: sorption (together with its derived terms sorbent, sorbate, sorptive). This term is also used as a general term to cover both adsorp ...
Modification of the surface electronic and chemical properties of Pt
... strain dominate the modification of behavior of bimetallic surface properties, and under what conditions does the ligand effect dominate? The purpose of the present paper is to identify conditions where the ligand effect can have a dominant role in the modification of the chemical properties of a bi ...
... strain dominate the modification of behavior of bimetallic surface properties, and under what conditions does the ligand effect dominate? The purpose of the present paper is to identify conditions where the ligand effect can have a dominant role in the modification of the chemical properties of a bi ...
Time and Temperature Dependent Surface Tension Measurements
... Figure 4 The polymer’s arms aggregation with respect totemperature ............................ 16 Figure 5 The surfactant entropy change............................................................................ 18 Figure 6 General procedure of Axisymmetric Drop Shape Analysis (ADSA). ............ ...
... Figure 4 The polymer’s arms aggregation with respect totemperature ............................ 16 Figure 5 The surfactant entropy change............................................................................ 18 Figure 6 General procedure of Axisymmetric Drop Shape Analysis (ADSA). ............ ...
Modeling Surface Tension of Concentrated and
... of the Onsager-Samaras expression have been proposed to improve the agreement with experimental results.16,17 Other theories for calculating surface tension of electrolyte solutions have also been published.18-20 Although these models constitute an advancement over the original model of Onsager and ...
... of the Onsager-Samaras expression have been proposed to improve the agreement with experimental results.16,17 Other theories for calculating surface tension of electrolyte solutions have also been published.18-20 Although these models constitute an advancement over the original model of Onsager and ...
The influence of electrowetting on the behavior of impacting droplets
... In this static situation, assuming that the surface is flat, the contact angle is referred to as Young’s Contact Angle. For a dynamic case, other forces are affecting the contact angle, for example an electrical force, when applying a voltage to the surface. In that situation, the angle is called th ...
... In this static situation, assuming that the surface is flat, the contact angle is referred to as Young’s Contact Angle. For a dynamic case, other forces are affecting the contact angle, for example an electrical force, when applying a voltage to the surface. In that situation, the angle is called th ...
Voltage-dependent conductance states of a single
... net charge transfer from Ag(111) to SnPc [24]. The charge distribution of the molecule (along with possible induced moments) interacts with the inhomogeneous electrostatic field at the tip apex. At sufficiently positive sample voltages, i.e. negative tip, the resulting repulsion is expected to favou ...
... net charge transfer from Ag(111) to SnPc [24]. The charge distribution of the molecule (along with possible induced moments) interacts with the inhomogeneous electrostatic field at the tip apex. At sufficiently positive sample voltages, i.e. negative tip, the resulting repulsion is expected to favou ...
Cloud droplet activation and surface tension of mixtures of slightly
... mann, 1996). A van’t Hoff factor of 1 and 2 was used for organic acid (Kiss and Hansson, 2004) and NaCl, respectively. As predicted by Shulman et al. (1996), the Köhler curve obtained using modified Köhler theory has up to three maxima (Fig. 1). The cusps represent the points where adipic and succ ...
... mann, 1996). A van’t Hoff factor of 1 and 2 was used for organic acid (Kiss and Hansson, 2004) and NaCl, respectively. As predicted by Shulman et al. (1996), the Köhler curve obtained using modified Köhler theory has up to three maxima (Fig. 1). The cusps represent the points where adipic and succ ...
SURFACE ACTIVE AGENTS
... ► Micelles remain fairly stable in water as → the polar heads are attracted to the water molecules surrounding them → there is an attractive force (van der Waal's forces) between the hydrocarbon tails. ...
... ► Micelles remain fairly stable in water as → the polar heads are attracted to the water molecules surrounding them → there is an attractive force (van der Waal's forces) between the hydrocarbon tails. ...
Association of cationic surfactants to humic acid Effect on the surface
... will be relatively more hydrophobic than the carboxylated segments. Therefore, the resulting polymer has both hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties in their structure, giving to the HA characteristics of an amphiphile [5–7]. Thus, HA exhibit surface activity in aqueous solution and form micelle-like ...
... will be relatively more hydrophobic than the carboxylated segments. Therefore, the resulting polymer has both hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties in their structure, giving to the HA characteristics of an amphiphile [5–7]. Thus, HA exhibit surface activity in aqueous solution and form micelle-like ...
Water-Induced Negative Electron Affinity on Diamond (100)
... in Figure 2. There appears to be almost a single peak at about 532 eV, which is assigned to hydroxyl (-OH) groups from the study of oxygen on diamond surfaces by Makau et al.,31 for exposures up to 100 000 L. After the maximum dosage at about atmospheric pressure, a shoulder at about 533 eV appears, ...
... in Figure 2. There appears to be almost a single peak at about 532 eV, which is assigned to hydroxyl (-OH) groups from the study of oxygen on diamond surfaces by Makau et al.,31 for exposures up to 100 000 L. After the maximum dosage at about atmospheric pressure, a shoulder at about 533 eV appears, ...
Interaction between Olivine and Water Based on Density Functional
... (100) surface was composed of stoichiometric layers, and thus it had no dipole perpendicular to the surface.15 However, in our simulations the water molecules are allowed to interact with the surface only on one side of the slab, breaking its symmetry; therefore, a dipole correction was employed. In ...
... (100) surface was composed of stoichiometric layers, and thus it had no dipole perpendicular to the surface.15 However, in our simulations the water molecules are allowed to interact with the surface only on one side of the slab, breaking its symmetry; therefore, a dipole correction was employed. In ...
Kinetics of Oxygen Reduction in Aprotic Li–O2 Cells: A Model
... In the present treatment, surface disproportionation (eq 6) has been neglected with respect to the solution phase (eq 5). Although some theoretical studies have suggested low barriers to disproportionation, others have concluded that higher barriers exist, for example, in the case of large LiO2 clus ...
... In the present treatment, surface disproportionation (eq 6) has been neglected with respect to the solution phase (eq 5). Although some theoretical studies have suggested low barriers to disproportionation, others have concluded that higher barriers exist, for example, in the case of large LiO2 clus ...
Purification of TMEDA: 1. In a 4L Beaker, add, 2L MeOH and 500 ml
... 6. Add 450-500 ml of water to dissolve the solid. 7. Allow the mixture to come to rt. Put the solution in the freezer overnight. 8. Repeat 4-7 again (This time, add 300-350 ml of water to dissolve the solid) 9. Filter the solid and allow it to dry overnight (open to air). 10. Add approximately 400 g ...
... 6. Add 450-500 ml of water to dissolve the solid. 7. Allow the mixture to come to rt. Put the solution in the freezer overnight. 8. Repeat 4-7 again (This time, add 300-350 ml of water to dissolve the solid) 9. Filter the solid and allow it to dry overnight (open to air). 10. Add approximately 400 g ...
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Quartz Crystal Microbalance
... M.3 The most probable form of the soluble gold sulfide is AuS-, which is more stable than AuO2- by nearly 20 kcal mol-’.3 AuS- might be stabilized by solutionphase polysulfides, but the literature is unclear on this point. The solubility of Au in sulfide media was calculated from changes in mass of ...
... M.3 The most probable form of the soluble gold sulfide is AuS-, which is more stable than AuO2- by nearly 20 kcal mol-’.3 AuS- might be stabilized by solutionphase polysulfides, but the literature is unclear on this point. The solubility of Au in sulfide media was calculated from changes in mass of ...
Sulfur and iron surface states on fractured pyrite surfaces
... bonds. Where an S-S bond is intersected (Fig. 1b), the bond will remain intact only if three Fe-S bonds at either end of the dianion are broken instead of the S-S bond. The energetics of such are not favorable. The consequence is that S-S bonds are likely to be ruptured during fracture of pyrite, pr ...
... bonds. Where an S-S bond is intersected (Fig. 1b), the bond will remain intact only if three Fe-S bonds at either end of the dianion are broken instead of the S-S bond. The energetics of such are not favorable. The consequence is that S-S bonds are likely to be ruptured during fracture of pyrite, pr ...
Determination of Complete Melting and Surface Premelting
... determine the onset temperature of surface premelting (Tsm) for NPs in terms of the mean-field approximation.26 Complete melting points (Tm) of Ag NPs obtained experimentally have shown scattered data in the range of 383 to 953 K,27−32 while the only published molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was p ...
... determine the onset temperature of surface premelting (Tsm) for NPs in terms of the mean-field approximation.26 Complete melting points (Tm) of Ag NPs obtained experimentally have shown scattered data in the range of 383 to 953 K,27−32 while the only published molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was p ...
Nitrogen Activation in a Mars–van Krevelen
... ABSTRACT: Co3Mo3N is one of the most active catalysts for ammonia synthesis; however, little is known about the atomistic details of N2 adsorption and activation. Here we examine whether N2 can adsorb and activate at nitrogen surface vacancies. We have identified the most favorable sites for surface ...
... ABSTRACT: Co3Mo3N is one of the most active catalysts for ammonia synthesis; however, little is known about the atomistic details of N2 adsorption and activation. Here we examine whether N2 can adsorb and activate at nitrogen surface vacancies. We have identified the most favorable sites for surface ...
Packing and Molecular Orientation of Alkanethiol Monolayers on
... Packing and Orientation of Alkanethiol Monolayers At lattice spacings less than about 4.8 A, however, it is not possible for the "racheting effect" to establish this special interlocking. Figure 7 shows how the best interaction energy (at the best tilt for this spacing) varies as a function of the ...
... Packing and Orientation of Alkanethiol Monolayers At lattice spacings less than about 4.8 A, however, it is not possible for the "racheting effect" to establish this special interlocking. Figure 7 shows how the best interaction energy (at the best tilt for this spacing) varies as a function of the ...
Molecular Perspective of Static Wetting: Simulation and
... predict the interfacial entropy of water at rigid hydrophobic surfaces. The interfacial entropy, which is not considered in mean field models of static wettability, is evaluated from the fluctuations of the water-surface dispersion energy at the single particle level and represents the configuration ...
... predict the interfacial entropy of water at rigid hydrophobic surfaces. The interfacial entropy, which is not considered in mean field models of static wettability, is evaluated from the fluctuations of the water-surface dispersion energy at the single particle level and represents the configuration ...
Wetting
Wetting is the ability of a liquid to maintain contact with a solid surface, resulting from intermolecular interactions when the two are brought together. The degree of wetting (wettability) is determined by a force balance between adhesive and cohesive forces. Wetting deals with the three phases of materials: gas, liquid, and solid. It is now a center of attention in nanotechnology and nanoscience studies due to the advent of many nanomaterials in the past two decades (e.g. graphene, carbon nanotube).Wetting is important in the bonding or adherence of two materials. Wetting and the surface forces that control wetting are also responsible for other related effects, including so-called capillary effects. Regardless of the amount of wetting, the shape of a liquid drop on a rigid surface is roughly a truncated sphere.There are two types of wetting: non-reactive wetting and active wetting.