Steering the Regulatory State: The Rationale behind the Creation of
... countries including Egypt. Recalling the Egyptian experience, the hypothesis of political uncertainty does not look very plausible to explain why the Egyptian government in sectors such as telecommunications has chosen to delegate some of its power to an IRA. The reason for this is that Egypt has a ...
... countries including Egypt. Recalling the Egyptian experience, the hypothesis of political uncertainty does not look very plausible to explain why the Egyptian government in sectors such as telecommunications has chosen to delegate some of its power to an IRA. The reason for this is that Egypt has a ...
NIB neg – DDI 2012 CO - Open Evidence Archive
... inept thinking on the part of United Nations scientists that we are not applying it. Before going into details, it might be useful to frame the problem: It is since the advent of the industrial revolution circa 1,850 that factories and transportation caused a large and enduring increase in the amoun ...
... inept thinking on the part of United Nations scientists that we are not applying it. Before going into details, it might be useful to frame the problem: It is since the advent of the industrial revolution circa 1,850 that factories and transportation caused a large and enduring increase in the amoun ...
accounting for rising corporate profits
... Also, much of the increase in wage dispersion has been attributed to differences between firms or between establishments (Davis and Haltiwanger 1991; Abowd, Kramarz, and Margolis 1999; Dunne et al. 2004; Song et al. 2015). Furman and Orszag (2015) propose that rising corporate rents are shared with ...
... Also, much of the increase in wage dispersion has been attributed to differences between firms or between establishments (Davis and Haltiwanger 1991; Abowd, Kramarz, and Margolis 1999; Dunne et al. 2004; Song et al. 2015). Furman and Orszag (2015) propose that rising corporate rents are shared with ...
The Precariat and Class Struggle By Guy Standing [Published as “O
... (Standing, 2014). More and more people, not just migrants, are being converted into denizens, with a more limited range and depth of civil, cultural, social, political and economic rights. They are increasingly denied what Hannah Arendt called ‘the right to have rights’, the essence of proper citize ...
... (Standing, 2014). More and more people, not just migrants, are being converted into denizens, with a more limited range and depth of civil, cultural, social, political and economic rights. They are increasingly denied what Hannah Arendt called ‘the right to have rights’, the essence of proper citize ...
Environmental Protection and Free Trade: Direct and Indirect Competition for Political Influence by
... environmental movement is that environmental groups can provide block votes, given the large membership of these organizations. However, according to Olson (1965), the large membership of an interest group is not necessarily an advantage, and it is still uncertain whether environmental groups are ab ...
... environmental movement is that environmental groups can provide block votes, given the large membership of these organizations. However, according to Olson (1965), the large membership of an interest group is not necessarily an advantage, and it is still uncertain whether environmental groups are ab ...
Urbanities
... A Welcome Letter from the Chair – Why the CUA Journal, Urbanities The project of establishing a journal of the Commission on Urban Anthropology was discussed at the CUA Business Meeting during the Commission’s 2010 Annual Conference in Gioiosa Marea, Sicily. Senior scholars who attended that meeting ...
... A Welcome Letter from the Chair – Why the CUA Journal, Urbanities The project of establishing a journal of the Commission on Urban Anthropology was discussed at the CUA Business Meeting during the Commission’s 2010 Annual Conference in Gioiosa Marea, Sicily. Senior scholars who attended that meeting ...
Twenty Years of Ideas
... Demos: reducing in size but repositioning itself to speak to the two other main parties in British politics. And what about today’s fourth period? For two decades Demos has been at the heart of the intellectual and party political convergence on a mix of social and economic liberalism. As the journa ...
... Demos: reducing in size but repositioning itself to speak to the two other main parties in British politics. And what about today’s fourth period? For two decades Demos has been at the heart of the intellectual and party political convergence on a mix of social and economic liberalism. As the journa ...
From Godless Government to the Faith-Based State
... The historical context presented has already briefly alluded to neoliberalism and neo-puritanism. Organizing social welfare through a parochial administrative system, as was the case under Poor Laws, points to a central idea of Puritan conceptions of welfare. President Reagan’s “New Federalism” whic ...
... The historical context presented has already briefly alluded to neoliberalism and neo-puritanism. Organizing social welfare through a parochial administrative system, as was the case under Poor Laws, points to a central idea of Puritan conceptions of welfare. President Reagan’s “New Federalism” whic ...
the primacy of rents in the choice of the means of protection
... influences on policy decisions. Societal rules regarding who can benefit from quota rents differ (see Hillman and Swank 2000 on “political culture”). The quota-rent beneficiaries can be policy makers themselves or members of their families or associated business interests. In high-income democracies ...
... influences on policy decisions. Societal rules regarding who can benefit from quota rents differ (see Hillman and Swank 2000 on “political culture”). The quota-rent beneficiaries can be policy makers themselves or members of their families or associated business interests. In high-income democracies ...
Course Descriptions
... HIST 2010—History of the United States (3 hrs.) Colonial foundations; movement for independence; early years of the Republic; national growth and expansion; sectionalism and the Civil War. HIST 2020—History of the United States (3 hrs.) Reconstruction; industrial expansion and related problems; impe ...
... HIST 2010—History of the United States (3 hrs.) Colonial foundations; movement for independence; early years of the Republic; national growth and expansion; sectionalism and the Civil War. HIST 2020—History of the United States (3 hrs.) Reconstruction; industrial expansion and related problems; impe ...
Why Perestroika Failed: The Politics and Economics of Socialist
... convertibility, etc., were legitimate topics of discussion among the Soviet Union’s leading economists. These economic discussions culminated in the debate in the late summer and early fall of 1990 over the Shatalin 500-Day Plan.2 The plan was at one and the same time a draft of a constitution for a ...
... convertibility, etc., were legitimate topics of discussion among the Soviet Union’s leading economists. These economic discussions culminated in the debate in the late summer and early fall of 1990 over the Shatalin 500-Day Plan.2 The plan was at one and the same time a draft of a constitution for a ...
1 ACTA UNIVERSITATIS STOCKHOLMIENSIS Stockholm Studies in Economic History
... The subject of this thesis is the development of theoretical economic thought in the Soviet Union during Michail Gorbachev’s rule from 1985 to1991. My first professor of economic history and supervisor was the late Professor Ernst Söderlund at Stockholm University, who guided me to my licentiate deg ...
... The subject of this thesis is the development of theoretical economic thought in the Soviet Union during Michail Gorbachev’s rule from 1985 to1991. My first professor of economic history and supervisor was the late Professor Ernst Söderlund at Stockholm University, who guided me to my licentiate deg ...
globalisation - Federico G. Salazar
... – But questions remain as to how ‘globalisation’ can best be harnessed as a positive force, how we can make it work better – The globalisation debate today centres on these questions ...
... – But questions remain as to how ‘globalisation’ can best be harnessed as a positive force, how we can make it work better – The globalisation debate today centres on these questions ...
Management of Multinational Corporations
... competitive advantage. The formula that guides this task is V=B/P: value = benefits divided by price. The greater the benefits and the lower the price, the greater the value. The task of the global company is to deliver value to customers located in global markets. The ability of corporations of all ...
... competitive advantage. The formula that guides this task is V=B/P: value = benefits divided by price. The greater the benefits and the lower the price, the greater the value. The task of the global company is to deliver value to customers located in global markets. The ability of corporations of all ...
The Welfare State, Local Government and Participation in Area
... government make much of the difference for the effective substance of policy as well as for meaningful public participation.” They provide two hypotheses to support this idea. Firstly, a strong local government provides the credible means necessary to implement more ambitious programmes for the wel ...
... government make much of the difference for the effective substance of policy as well as for meaningful public participation.” They provide two hypotheses to support this idea. Firstly, a strong local government provides the credible means necessary to implement more ambitious programmes for the wel ...
From James Monroe and the Quing Dynasty to George W
... under democratic regimes? Probably not! Dictatorships have several policy means that allow them to drive up investment rates, thereby increasing medium to long run growth rates (Solow, 1956, Romer, 1990). First, dictatorships often suppress freedom of association, thus crippling independent organiza ...
... under democratic regimes? Probably not! Dictatorships have several policy means that allow them to drive up investment rates, thereby increasing medium to long run growth rates (Solow, 1956, Romer, 1990). First, dictatorships often suppress freedom of association, thus crippling independent organiza ...
Year 8 History Scheme of Work (Overview)
... age for Britain and the world. As with other units, a local history study is attached to this unit and students are taught about the rise of Liverpool as a world city in this time. Themes in 20th Century History are the final unit in the compulsory Key Stage 3 scheme of work. In the final unit stu ...
... age for Britain and the world. As with other units, a local history study is attached to this unit and students are taught about the rise of Liverpool as a world city in this time. Themes in 20th Century History are the final unit in the compulsory Key Stage 3 scheme of work. In the final unit stu ...
10 years of the Euro: New Perspectives for Britain
... been the contrary pulls of British and continental interests. Here is another area in which things have changed –if not decisively – then quite lot. In the past the business cycle experience of the UK was not closely aligned with that of the Eurozone countries. When the UK largely escaped the backwa ...
... been the contrary pulls of British and continental interests. Here is another area in which things have changed –if not decisively – then quite lot. In the past the business cycle experience of the UK was not closely aligned with that of the Eurozone countries. When the UK largely escaped the backwa ...
10 years of the Euro: New Perspectives for Britain
... been the contrary pulls of British and continental interests. Here is another area in which things have changed –if not decisively – then quite lot. In the past the business cycle experience of the UK was not closely aligned with that of the Eurozone countries. When the UK largely escaped the backwa ...
... been the contrary pulls of British and continental interests. Here is another area in which things have changed –if not decisively – then quite lot. In the past the business cycle experience of the UK was not closely aligned with that of the Eurozone countries. When the UK largely escaped the backwa ...
Power and Market Government and the Economy
... collectively by the state. Rothbard believes that law enforcement must be analyzed in terms of marginal units and, like other goods, those marginal units can be provided privately. He briefly mentions some historical examples of private law enforcement and then speculates how a purely private system ...
... collectively by the state. Rothbard believes that law enforcement must be analyzed in terms of marginal units and, like other goods, those marginal units can be provided privately. He briefly mentions some historical examples of private law enforcement and then speculates how a purely private system ...
The Presidential-Economic Dance: Are “New” Economic Variables
... individual economic circumstance might not be generalizable to the nation as a whole, even though an individual unemployed worker might erroneously judge the nation’s unemployment rate to be rising or a housewife strapped for grocery money might mistakenly infer that inflation is going up. Most empi ...
... individual economic circumstance might not be generalizable to the nation as a whole, even though an individual unemployed worker might erroneously judge the nation’s unemployment rate to be rising or a housewife strapped for grocery money might mistakenly infer that inflation is going up. Most empi ...
Caught Between Theory and Practice: Government, Market, and
... The allure of utility privatisation was particularly strong among the transition countries. These economies experienced massive market-oriented systemic changes in all sectors of their economy since the early 1990s. The structural change included macro stabilization, price liberalization, eliminatin ...
... The allure of utility privatisation was particularly strong among the transition countries. These economies experienced massive market-oriented systemic changes in all sectors of their economy since the early 1990s. The structural change included macro stabilization, price liberalization, eliminatin ...
Introduction to the special issue: “Solidarity in diverse societies
... a change in their constituencies. From traditional working class parties, most of these parties have shifted up towards more middle-class parties. However, this does not solve but rather bypass the progressive’s dilemma, as it does not alter the perception amongst traditional working class constitue ...
... a change in their constituencies. From traditional working class parties, most of these parties have shifted up towards more middle-class parties. However, this does not solve but rather bypass the progressive’s dilemma, as it does not alter the perception amongst traditional working class constitue ...
real-world economics review
... housing markets, the economy would have been in a liquidity trap since 1985: There was a sharp increase in the ratio after World War II, but from a low base, as families moved to the suburbs and all that. Then there were about 25 years of rough stability, from 1960 to around 1985. After that, howeve ...
... housing markets, the economy would have been in a liquidity trap since 1985: There was a sharp increase in the ratio after World War II, but from a low base, as families moved to the suburbs and all that. Then there were about 25 years of rough stability, from 1960 to around 1985. After that, howeve ...
Towards an Integrated Europe - Graduate Institute of International
... agricultural and only 30% as rich as the EU-12 average. This study estimates that admitting Visegraders would increase annual EU spending by 63.6 billion ECU. Financing this would require a drastic cut in EU spending, or an increase (about 60%) in incumbent contributions. Raising taxes or deficits f ...
... agricultural and only 30% as rich as the EU-12 average. This study estimates that admitting Visegraders would increase annual EU spending by 63.6 billion ECU. Financing this would require a drastic cut in EU spending, or an increase (about 60%) in incumbent contributions. Raising taxes or deficits f ...
Embedded liberalism
Embedded liberalism is a term for the global economic system and the associated international political orientation as it existed from the end of World War II to the 1970s. The system was set up to support a combination of free trade with the freedom for states to enhance their provision of welfare and to regulate their economies to reduce unemployment. The term was first used by the American political scientist John Ruggie in 1982.Mainstream scholars generally describe embedded liberalism as involving a compromise between two desirable but partially conflicting objectives. The first objective was to revive free trade. Before World War I, international trade formed a large portion of global GDP, but the classical liberal order which supported it had been damaged by war and by the Great Depression of the 1930s. The second objective was to allow national governments the freedom to provide generous welfare programmes and to intervene in their economies to maintain full employment. This second objective was considered to be incompatible with a full return to the free market system as it had existed in the late 19th century—mainly because with a free market in international capital, investors could easily withdraw money from nations that tried to implement interventionist and redistributive policies.The resulting compromise was embodied in the Bretton Woods system, which was launched at the end of World War II. The system was liberal in that it aimed to set up an open system of international trade in goods and services, facilitated by semi fixed exchange rates. Yet it also aimed to ""embed"" market forces into a framework where they could be regulated by national governments, with states able to control international capital flows by means of capital controls. New global multilateral institutions were created to support the new framework, such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund.When Ruggie coined the phrase embedded liberalism, he was building on earlier work by Karl Polanyi, who had introduced the concept of markets becoming ""dis-embedded"" from society during the 19th century. Polanyi went on to propose that the ""re-embedding"" of markets would be a central task for the architects of the post war world order, and this was largely enacted as a result of the Bretton Woods Conference. In the 1950s and 1960s, the global economy prospered under embedded liberalism, with growth more rapid than before or since. Yet the system was to break down in the 1970s.