Biological explanations of schizophrenia
... many of the symptoms of SZ, the case for dopamine being a significant contributory factor in the development of SZ is strengthened. ...
... many of the symptoms of SZ, the case for dopamine being a significant contributory factor in the development of SZ is strengthened. ...
File
... Gold standard” in identifying bilateral vestibular lesions Used to monitor for progressive bilateral vestibular loss (gentamicin toxicity) Used to quantify bilateral vestibular loss – vestibular rehab vs. balance training Useful in testing children that will not allow ...
... Gold standard” in identifying bilateral vestibular lesions Used to monitor for progressive bilateral vestibular loss (gentamicin toxicity) Used to quantify bilateral vestibular loss – vestibular rehab vs. balance training Useful in testing children that will not allow ...
CHAPTER 19 Lesions of the Spine and Spinal Cord
... forward over the one below then slip back with extension of back. This retrolisthesis accentuates spinal stenosis. In conjunction with multiple root problems, these patients also experience curious symptom called lumbar claudication. When walking or standing for long time, they begin to develop pain ...
... forward over the one below then slip back with extension of back. This retrolisthesis accentuates spinal stenosis. In conjunction with multiple root problems, these patients also experience curious symptom called lumbar claudication. When walking or standing for long time, they begin to develop pain ...
The Impact of Prehospital Endotracheal Intubation on
... All patients included in the San Diego TBI Database treated between January 1, 1987, and December 31, 2003, with complete data were used in the analysis. Half of the patients were randomly assigned to the training set to generate the neural network models, and the other half were used as the validat ...
... All patients included in the San Diego TBI Database treated between January 1, 1987, and December 31, 2003, with complete data were used in the analysis. Half of the patients were randomly assigned to the training set to generate the neural network models, and the other half were used as the validat ...
Characteristics of Hemorrhagic Stroke following Spine and Joint
... and the CT scan of these patients showed subarachnoid hemorrhage or hemorrhage of the brain parenchyma. Most patients can recover after active treatment and rehabilitation exercise among these cases; however there are also some patients becoming disabled and even dead (Table 1). In order to verify w ...
... and the CT scan of these patients showed subarachnoid hemorrhage or hemorrhage of the brain parenchyma. Most patients can recover after active treatment and rehabilitation exercise among these cases; however there are also some patients becoming disabled and even dead (Table 1). In order to verify w ...
The retina as a window to the brain—from eye research to CNS
... Figure 2 | Ocular manifestations of neurodegenerative disorders. Major CNS disorders present ocular manifestations that reflect the condition of the brain and often precede conventional diagnosis. a | In stroke, ocular changes include RNFL thinning, accompanied by degeneration of the optic nerve and ...
... Figure 2 | Ocular manifestations of neurodegenerative disorders. Major CNS disorders present ocular manifestations that reflect the condition of the brain and often precede conventional diagnosis. a | In stroke, ocular changes include RNFL thinning, accompanied by degeneration of the optic nerve and ...
Phantosmia
Phantosmia is an olfactory hallucination. A hallucination is the sensory perception of something with no basis in reality, as opposed to an olfactory illusion, which is a misinterpretation of a physical stimulus; in the case of an odor it is known as parosmia. Phantosmia is the perception of a smell in the complete absence of any physical odor. The perceived odor can range from pleasant to disgusting. Although the causes of phantosmia are uncertain, it often occurs with neurological and psychological disorders such as schizophrenia, mood disorders, Parkinsons disease, epilepsy, neuroblastoma, and frequent migraines.Galen also mentioned olfactory hallucinations in his work and stated that these hallucinations constitute the signs of an oncoming disease.Different types of phantosmia include: Unirhinal (single nostril), episodic, and recurrent, where the activation of brain's GABAergic system seems to play a role in the inhibition of the unirhinal phantosmia.Treatments for phantosmia range from drug therapies (e.g., venlafaxine) and brain stimulation therapies to invasive surgical procedures involving removal of the olfactory bulbs or olfactory epithelium.The word phantosmia is a noun of Greek origin. It is composed of two words: (1) phant- meaning ""phantom"" and (2) -osmia (from osme) meaning ""smell"".