Attention maps in the brain - Site BU
... isual perception often feels effortless; however, in many complex situations, there is far more information reaching our eyes than our cognitive systems can act on at one time. Although the retina performs massively parallel processing, visual cognition operates on no more than a few items at once. ...
... isual perception often feels effortless; however, in many complex situations, there is far more information reaching our eyes than our cognitive systems can act on at one time. Although the retina performs massively parallel processing, visual cognition operates on no more than a few items at once. ...
Human frequency-following response: representation of pitch
... autocorrelograms and re£ects the spectral di¡erence between these two stimuli. While there is a close correspondence between the stimulus and FFR autocorrelation functions for yi1 , yi2 (albeit the minor peaks are very small) and yi4 , the FFR autocorrelation functions for yi3 and hum3 show a single ...
... autocorrelograms and re£ects the spectral di¡erence between these two stimuli. While there is a close correspondence between the stimulus and FFR autocorrelation functions for yi1 , yi2 (albeit the minor peaks are very small) and yi4 , the FFR autocorrelation functions for yi3 and hum3 show a single ...
The Neural Foundations of Reaction and Action in Aversive Motivation
... three hours for short-term memory (STM) or 24–48 h for long-term memory (LTM, depicted), animals are placed in a new context and exposed to multiple presentations of the CS alone. Innate defensive responses, i.e., ‘freezing’ behavior, are then scored as total time spent in this state over the course ...
... three hours for short-term memory (STM) or 24–48 h for long-term memory (LTM, depicted), animals are placed in a new context and exposed to multiple presentations of the CS alone. Innate defensive responses, i.e., ‘freezing’ behavior, are then scored as total time spent in this state over the course ...
A quantitative link between face discrimination deficits and neuronal
... across a range of tasks including social–emotional judgments as well as identification and discrimination. However, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies probing the neural bases of these behavioral differences have produced conflicting results: while some studies have reported reduced ...
... across a range of tasks including social–emotional judgments as well as identification and discrimination. However, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies probing the neural bases of these behavioral differences have produced conflicting results: while some studies have reported reduced ...
Soto-Faraco (2003) Multisensory contributions to the perception of
... stationary stimuli in different modalities can sometimes elicit a sensation of movement within one of the modalities (e.g. Hikosaka, Miyauchi, Takeichi, & Shimojo, 1996; Shimojo, Miyauchi, & Hikosaka, 1997; see also Maass, 1938). For example, Shimojo et al. reported that a horizontal line presented ...
... stationary stimuli in different modalities can sometimes elicit a sensation of movement within one of the modalities (e.g. Hikosaka, Miyauchi, Takeichi, & Shimojo, 1996; Shimojo, Miyauchi, & Hikosaka, 1997; see also Maass, 1938). For example, Shimojo et al. reported that a horizontal line presented ...
How do you feel -- now? The anterior insula and
... test stimulus (a one-sided fork) followed immediately by an ambiguous stimulus (so-called backwardmasking)31. The authors reported that subjects’ performance in detecting the asymmetry decreased progressively from 100% to chance levels for presentation times shorter than 150 msec, yet activation in ...
... test stimulus (a one-sided fork) followed immediately by an ambiguous stimulus (so-called backwardmasking)31. The authors reported that subjects’ performance in detecting the asymmetry decreased progressively from 100% to chance levels for presentation times shorter than 150 msec, yet activation in ...
The Mind-Body Problem and Current Behavioral
... If, according to some data (BLA – non declarative; Portavela et al, 2004, 2005), in Instrumental Fear Conditioning experimental settings, creatures do not rely on Declarative Memory in order to anticipate the US by the presentation of CS, what drives them to avoid the supposedly neutral CS? By dism ...
... If, according to some data (BLA – non declarative; Portavela et al, 2004, 2005), in Instrumental Fear Conditioning experimental settings, creatures do not rely on Declarative Memory in order to anticipate the US by the presentation of CS, what drives them to avoid the supposedly neutral CS? By dism ...
The relation of emotions to placebo responses
... tendency for very negative or very positive emotions to be associated with high arousal [15]. Fear and anxiety are the emotions that have received most research in the field of pain. The anticipation of pain or pain itself can induce these emotions. In the present context, negative emotions will oft ...
... tendency for very negative or very positive emotions to be associated with high arousal [15]. Fear and anxiety are the emotions that have received most research in the field of pain. The anticipation of pain or pain itself can induce these emotions. In the present context, negative emotions will oft ...
The relation of emotions to placebo responses
... tendency for very negative or very positive emotions to be associated with high arousal [15]. Fear and anxiety are the emotions that have received most research in the field of pain. The anticipation of pain or pain itself can induce these emotions. In the present context, negative emotions will oft ...
... tendency for very negative or very positive emotions to be associated with high arousal [15]. Fear and anxiety are the emotions that have received most research in the field of pain. The anticipation of pain or pain itself can induce these emotions. In the present context, negative emotions will oft ...
Stress - Neuroanatomy
... nervous system (raising your blood pressure and heart rate, making you sweat), tenses your body muscles, releases stress hormones into your blood, and so on. The sound also goes to the temporal lobe system (hippocampus) and reminds you of the accident, who you were with and where you were going. It ...
... nervous system (raising your blood pressure and heart rate, making you sweat), tenses your body muscles, releases stress hormones into your blood, and so on. The sound also goes to the temporal lobe system (hippocampus) and reminds you of the accident, who you were with and where you were going. It ...
Differences between psychopathy and other personality disorders
... dysfunction in psychopathy has focused on the amygdala because of its role in emotion processing (particularly of fearful expressions) and emotional learning. For example, patients with amygdala lesions have deficits in the recognition of fearful expressions (Adolphs 1999). Further, in healthy indiv ...
... dysfunction in psychopathy has focused on the amygdala because of its role in emotion processing (particularly of fearful expressions) and emotional learning. For example, patients with amygdala lesions have deficits in the recognition of fearful expressions (Adolphs 1999). Further, in healthy indiv ...
The role of neuronal synchronization in selective attention
... change had occurred. This finding suggests that the processing or the signalling of a sensory change is more efficient when it is handled by an area that is engaged in enhanced gamma-band synchronization [6]. Importantly, the influence of local synchronization of behavioural responses was spatiall ...
... change had occurred. This finding suggests that the processing or the signalling of a sensory change is more efficient when it is handled by an area that is engaged in enhanced gamma-band synchronization [6]. Importantly, the influence of local synchronization of behavioural responses was spatiall ...
View PDF - Laboratory of Brain, Hearing and Behavior
... receptive fields (RFs). They respond vigorously to novel stimuli [25] and with increasing firing rates to increasing intensity or motion speed (strength) of the stimulus [26,27!!,28,29]. On the other hand, they exhibit little selectivity for stimulus features, such as color, orientation, motion dire ...
... receptive fields (RFs). They respond vigorously to novel stimuli [25] and with increasing firing rates to increasing intensity or motion speed (strength) of the stimulus [26,27!!,28,29]. On the other hand, they exhibit little selectivity for stimulus features, such as color, orientation, motion dire ...
The Representation of Complex Images in Spatial Frequency
... The organization of cat primary visual cortex has been well mapped using simple stimuli such as sinusoidal gratings, revealing superimposed maps of orientation and spatial frequency preferences. However, it is not yet understood how complex images are represented across these maps. In this study, we ...
... The organization of cat primary visual cortex has been well mapped using simple stimuli such as sinusoidal gratings, revealing superimposed maps of orientation and spatial frequency preferences. However, it is not yet understood how complex images are represented across these maps. In this study, we ...
Insular cortex – review
... Dispropotion in insular cortex activity can be seen between lean and obese subjects, in which the latter have increased resting insular activity 21 that leads to overindulgence in food and in the end – obesity. Such individual variation in representing body’s internal state and regulating food-relat ...
... Dispropotion in insular cortex activity can be seen between lean and obese subjects, in which the latter have increased resting insular activity 21 that leads to overindulgence in food and in the end – obesity. Such individual variation in representing body’s internal state and regulating food-relat ...
the primate amygdala: neuronal representations of
... in the amygdala (Sanghera et al., 1979; Nishijo et al., 1988a,b; Scott et al., 1993; Yan and Scott, 1996) and taste responsiveness in the human amygdala (O’Doherty et al., 2001). Almost nothing is known, however, about whether aspects of food other than taste and smell are represented in the amygdal ...
... in the amygdala (Sanghera et al., 1979; Nishijo et al., 1988a,b; Scott et al., 1993; Yan and Scott, 1996) and taste responsiveness in the human amygdala (O’Doherty et al., 2001). Almost nothing is known, however, about whether aspects of food other than taste and smell are represented in the amygdal ...
Current Opinion in Neurobiology (2004)
... activation of representation of the outcome is used to guide behavior in addition to any stimulus–response associations. Recent studies of neural activity in rats, monkeys and humans in discrimination tasks provide another window through which to view learned expectancies in associative learning. In ...
... activation of representation of the outcome is used to guide behavior in addition to any stimulus–response associations. Recent studies of neural activity in rats, monkeys and humans in discrimination tasks provide another window through which to view learned expectancies in associative learning. In ...
Social equality in the number of choice options is represented in the
... Participants were told that the amount of a reward per trial in the practice was set to 500 ...
... Participants were told that the amount of a reward per trial in the practice was set to 500 ...
Activity of Neurons in Anterior Inferior Temporal Cortex during a
... tasks that require the monkey to retain memories across a “blank” retention interval, during which no visual stimuli are presented. Outside the laboratory, however, memories frequently must be retained while new information is being processed. It is not understood how IT neurons can participate in m ...
... tasks that require the monkey to retain memories across a “blank” retention interval, during which no visual stimuli are presented. Outside the laboratory, however, memories frequently must be retained while new information is being processed. It is not understood how IT neurons can participate in m ...
PMAPh_Kirke_AISB_final6
... Previous work on unconventional computing and music has focused on using unconventional computation methods as engines for new modes of musical expression. For example using in vitro neural networks [1] or slime molds [2] to drive a sound synthesizer. The research has not focused on studying the com ...
... Previous work on unconventional computing and music has focused on using unconventional computation methods as engines for new modes of musical expression. For example using in vitro neural networks [1] or slime molds [2] to drive a sound synthesizer. The research has not focused on studying the com ...
XVI. COMMUNICATIONS BIOPHYSICS W. Dr. Ursula
... stimuli in the form of a decrease of amplitude in the steady-state response begins at rates between Z/sec and 100/sec. For rates between 100/sec and 400/sec, wherein the peripheral responses are still synchronized with the stimulus frequency, only the first few (1-3) responses are larger in size tha ...
... stimuli in the form of a decrease of amplitude in the steady-state response begins at rates between Z/sec and 100/sec. For rates between 100/sec and 400/sec, wherein the peripheral responses are still synchronized with the stimulus frequency, only the first few (1-3) responses are larger in size tha ...
Differential Characteristics of Face Neuron Responses Within the
... opposed to facial view), as well as showing significant interactions between facial views and facial identity, respectively. The 131 face neurons showing a significant effect in response to facial views were further analyzed. In this paper, we focused on neuronal responses to match stimuli. However, ...
... opposed to facial view), as well as showing significant interactions between facial views and facial identity, respectively. The 131 face neurons showing a significant effect in response to facial views were further analyzed. In this paper, we focused on neuronal responses to match stimuli. However, ...
Acoustical Vision of Neglected Stimuli: Interaction among Spatially
... separate modality (vision). In neglect patients, a sound presented at the same position (or at close disparity) as a visual stimulus influenced detection of previously neglected visual targets. Before going on to understand the implications of this finding in a context of a cross-modal interaction ...
... separate modality (vision). In neglect patients, a sound presented at the same position (or at close disparity) as a visual stimulus influenced detection of previously neglected visual targets. Before going on to understand the implications of this finding in a context of a cross-modal interaction ...
The Emergence of Selective Attention through - laral
... respect to non-relevant information in terms of visually driven responses, at level of both individual neural responses and coherent firing within the critical neuronal population [7]. Other than enhancing the neural representations of the relevant items [8], selective attention is regarded to cause ...
... respect to non-relevant information in terms of visually driven responses, at level of both individual neural responses and coherent firing within the critical neuronal population [7]. Other than enhancing the neural representations of the relevant items [8], selective attention is regarded to cause ...
fMR-adaptation reveals separate processing regions for the
... of PB’s spared colour processing. In summary, while the psychophysical testing revealed a striking dissociation between shape and colour processing, these latter imaging results, combined with our recent fMRI results, also suggest that information about an object’s colour is extracted relatively ear ...
... of PB’s spared colour processing. In summary, while the psychophysical testing revealed a striking dissociation between shape and colour processing, these latter imaging results, combined with our recent fMRI results, also suggest that information about an object’s colour is extracted relatively ear ...